Instructor's preface |
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xi | |
Student preface |
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xiii | |
Preface to the second edition |
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xv | |
Acknowledgments |
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xvii | |
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Introduction and overview |
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1 | (10) |
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8 | (3) |
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Telescopes for inner space: Fiber optics and endoscopes |
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11 | (44) |
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11 | (4) |
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Optics: The science of light |
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15 | (18) |
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How to see around corners |
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15 | (3) |
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Reflecting and bending light |
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18 | (1) |
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Why does light bend? The index of refraction |
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19 | (4) |
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Optional: How lenses form images |
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23 | (3) |
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26 | (7) |
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Fiber optics applications in medicine: Endoscopes and laparoscopes |
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33 | (11) |
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Different types of endoscopes and their typical construction |
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33 | (9) |
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Some advantages and disadvantages |
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42 | (1) |
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Laparoscopic gallbladder removals |
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43 | (1) |
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New and future directions |
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44 | (11) |
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Robotic surgery and virtual reality in the operating room |
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44 | (2) |
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Telemedicine and military applications |
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46 | (2) |
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Innovations on the horizon |
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48 | (1) |
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49 | (1) |
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50 | (1) |
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50 | (1) |
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Reflection and refraction |
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50 | (1) |
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Total internal reflection and fiber optics |
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50 | (3) |
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53 | (2) |
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Lasers in medicine: Healing with light |
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55 | (60) |
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55 | (1) |
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56 | (3) |
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More on the science of light: Beyond the rainbow |
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59 | (4) |
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63 | (7) |
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How light interacts with body tissues |
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70 | (2) |
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Laser beams and spatial coherence |
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72 | (5) |
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Cooking with light: Photocoagulation |
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77 | (1) |
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Trade-offs in photocoagulation: Power density and heat flow |
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78 | (2) |
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Cutting with light: Photovaporization |
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80 | (1) |
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More power: Pulsed lasers |
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81 | (3) |
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84 | (3) |
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The atomic origins of absorption |
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87 | (4) |
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How selective absorption is used in laser surgery |
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91 | (4) |
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95 | (2) |
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97 | (4) |
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New directions: Lasers in dentistry |
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101 | (1) |
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Advantages and drawbacks of lasers for medicine |
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102 | (1) |
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New directions: Photodynamic therapy---Killing tumors with light |
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103 | (3) |
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New directions: Diffusive optical imaging |
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106 | (9) |
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108 | (1) |
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109 | (1) |
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110 | (5) |
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Seeing with sound: Diagnostic ultrasound imaging |
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115 | (72) |
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115 | (3) |
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118 | (3) |
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121 | (3) |
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124 | (1) |
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125 | (4) |
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How to produce ultrasound |
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129 | (3) |
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132 | (7) |
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Ultrasound scanner design |
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139 | (4) |
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Ultrasound is absorbed by the body |
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143 | (8) |
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Limitations of ultrasound: Image quality and artifacts |
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151 | (6) |
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How safe is ultrasound imaging? |
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157 | (4) |
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Obstetrical ultrasound imaging |
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161 | (4) |
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Echocardiography: Ultrasound images of the heart |
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165 | (1) |
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Origins of the Doppler effect |
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166 | (5) |
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Using the Doppler effect to measure blood flow |
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171 | (2) |
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173 | (1) |
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Three-dimensional ultrasound |
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174 | (2) |
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Portable ultrasound---Appropriate technology for the developing world |
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176 | (11) |
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178 | (2) |
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180 | (1) |
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181 | (1) |
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Basic physics of sound waves |
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181 | (1) |
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Echo ranging and echo intensity |
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181 | (2) |
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183 | (1) |
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183 | (1) |
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184 | (1) |
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Another useful source of problems on ultrasound imaging |
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185 | (2) |
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X-ray vision: Diagnostic X-rays and CT scans |
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187 | (72) |
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187 | (3) |
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Diagnostic x-rays: The body's x-ray shadow |
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190 | (1) |
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Types of x-ray interactions with matter |
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191 | (7) |
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Basic issues in x-ray image formation |
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198 | (8) |
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Contrast media make soft tissues visible on an x-ray |
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206 | (4) |
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210 | (7) |
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217 | (8) |
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Mammography: X-ray screening for breast cancer |
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225 | (6) |
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231 | (7) |
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238 | (11) |
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Application: Spotting brittle bones---Bone mineral scans for osteoporosis |
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249 | (10) |
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252 | (1) |
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253 | (2) |
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255 | (1) |
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Interaction of x-rays with matter |
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255 | (1) |
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Contrast, contrast media, and x-ray absorption |
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255 | (1) |
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X-ray sources and detectors |
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256 | (3) |
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Images from radioactivity: Radionuclide scans, SPECT, and PET |
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259 | (40) |
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Introduction: Radioactivity and medicine |
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259 | (2) |
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261 | (3) |
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Radioactivity fades with time: The concept of half-lives |
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264 | (6) |
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270 | (8) |
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Emission tomography with radionuclides: SPECT and PET |
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278 | (12) |
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Application: Emission computer tomography studies of the brain |
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290 | (3) |
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293 | (6) |
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295 | (1) |
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296 | (1) |
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297 | (1) |
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Useful sources of problems |
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298 | (1) |
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Radiation therapy and radiation safety in medicine |
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299 | (48) |
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299 | (1) |
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Measuring radioactivity and radiation |
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300 | (8) |
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Origins of the biological effects of ionizing radiation |
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308 | (7) |
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The two regimes of radiation damage: Radiation sickness and cancer risk |
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315 | (14) |
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Radiation therapy: Killing tumors with radiation |
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329 | (11) |
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New directions in radiation therapy |
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340 | (7) |
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343 | (1) |
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344 | (1) |
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344 | (1) |
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Useful sources of more advanced problems |
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345 | (2) |
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Magnetic resonance imaging |
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347 | (58) |
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347 | (3) |
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350 | (6) |
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356 | (11) |
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Contrast mechanisms for MRI |
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367 | (7) |
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374 | (6) |
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380 | (6) |
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386 | (4) |
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390 | (3) |
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393 | (1) |
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Magnetic resonance breast imaging |
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394 | (2) |
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Mapping body chemistry with MR spectroscopy |
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396 | (1) |
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Brain mapping and functional MRI |
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397 | (8) |
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401 | (1) |
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401 | (1) |
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402 | (3) |
Index |
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405 | |