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Introduction to Soil Chemistry: Analysis and Instrumentation 2nd edition [Hardback]

Series edited by (Drake University, Des Moines, IA, USA), (Wilmington College, Ohio, USA; Leyte State University, Philippines; Philippine-American Educational Foundation, Makati City, Philippines)
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Conklin presents a textbook and reference for student or practicing chemists and environmental scientists who need to analyze soil, interpret soil analysis, or develop analytical or instrumental analyses for soil. His two major themes are that all soils are complex and all soil contains water. The second edition contains new chapters on the development of soil chemistry; soil sampling; direct, modified, and indirect methods of analysis; and hyphenated instrumentational methods. Other topics include the biological and organic components in soil, speciation, electrical measurements, and chromatography. Chapter-end problems are provided. Annotation ©2014 Ringgold, Inc., Portland, OR (protoview.com)

Provides the tools needed to explore the incredible complexities of the earth's soils

Now in its Second Edition, this highly acclaimed text fully equips readers with the skills and knowledge needed to analyze soil and correctly interpret the results. Due to the highly complex nature of soil, the author carefully explains why unusual results are routinely obtained during soil analyses, including the occurrence of methane in soil under oxidative conditions. The text also assists readers in developing their own analytical techniques in order to analyze particular samples or test for particular compounds or properties.

The Second Edition of Introduction to Soil Chemistry features four new chapters. Moreover, the entire text has been thoroughly updated and revised. It begins with a review of the history of soil chemistry, introducing fundamental concepts that apply to all soils. Next, the text explores:

  • Basic soil characteristics, horizonation, texture, clay, air, water, solids, organic matter, organisms, and fundamental chemical concepts essential to soil chemistry
  • Tested and proven sampling techniques for soil analysis that provide reliable analytical results
  • Basic soil measurement techniques and extraction procedures
  • Instrumentation to isolate and identify soil chemicals, including plant nutrients and contaminants

Detailed examples and figures throughout the text help readers successfully perform soil sampling and analytical methods as well as better understand soil's chemical characteristics. At the end of each chapter, a bibliography and list of references lead to additional resources to explore individual topics in greater depth. Each chapter also offers problem sets, encouraging readers to put their newfound skills into practice.

Reflecting the latest research findings and best practices, the Second Edition of Introduction to Soil Chemistry is ideal for both students and soil chemists who want to explore the incredible complexities of the earth's soils.

Recenzijas

The book is well suited as a good introduction for by measurement advanced students or for the professional entry. The comprehensive index is very helpful.  (Journal of Horticulture, 1 October 2014)

Preface xi
Instrumental Method Acronyms xiv
Common Hyphenated Instrumental Method Abbreviations xv
Abbreviated Periodic Table Of The Elements xvi
Chapter 1 Summary Of The History Of Soil Chemistry 1(18)
1.1 The 19th Century
3(5)
1.2 The End of the 19th and the Beginning of the 20th Century
8(3)
1.3 The 20th Century
11(3)
1.4 The End of the 20th and the Beginning of the 21st Century
14(1)
1.5 Conclusion
15(1)
Problems
15(1)
References
16(2)
Bibliography
18(1)
Chapter 2 Soil Basics Part I: Large Features 19(25)
2.1 Horizonation
28(5)
2.2 Peds
33(3)
2.3 Soil Color
36(2)
2.4 Soil Naming
38(1)
2.5 The Landscape
39(1)
2.6 Relationship of Large Features to Soil Chemistry, Soil Analysis, and Instrumentation
40(2)
2.7 Conclusions
42(1)
Problems
42(1)
References
43(1)
Bibliography
43(1)
Chapter 3 Soil Basics Part II: Microscopic To Atomic Orbital Description Of Soil Chemical Characteristics 44(24)
Soil Components Independent
45(8)
3.1 Soil Solids
45(8)
Soil Components Interacting
53(5)
3.2 Bonding Considerations
53(5)
Soil Components in Combination
58(7)
3.3 Surface Features
58(2)
3.4 Energy Considerations
60(1)
3.5 Reaction Paths
61(1)
3.6 Steric Factors
62(1)
3.7 Rate Factors
62(1)
3.8 All Factored Together
63(1)
3.9 Micelles
63(1)
3.10 Coated Surfaces
63(2)
3.11 Conclusions
65(1)
Problems
65(1)
References
66(1)
Bibliography
67(1)
Chapter 4 Soil Basics Part III: The Biological And Organic Components In Soil 68(25)
Biota of Soil
69(10)
4.1 Animals
69(2)
4.2 Plants
71(4)
4.3 Microorganisms
75(4)
Biological and Organic Chemicals of Soil
79(11)
4.4 Biochemical
79(2)
4.5 Bioorganic
81(1)
4.6 Organic Compounds
81(6)
4.7 Analysis
87(2)
4.8 Conclusions
89(1)
Problems
90(1)
References
90(2)
Bibliography
92(1)
Web Sites
92(1)
Chapter 5 Soil Basics Part IV: The Soil Air And Soil Solution 93(22)
5.1 Soil Air
94(1)
5.2 Water
95(3)
5.3 Solubility
98(1)
5.4 Elements in Solution
99(1)
5.5 Dissolved Gases
99(1)
5.6 Compounds in Solution
100(2)
5.7 Inorganic Ions in Solution
102(2)
5.8 Organic Ions in Solution
104(1)
5.9 Soil pH
105(1)
5.10 The Soil Solution around Particles
106(1)
5.11 Distribution between Soil Solids and Soil Solution
106(2)
5.12 Oxidative and Reductive Reactions in the Soil Solution
108(1)
5.13 Measuring Soil Water
109(3)
5.14 Conclusion
112(1)
Problems
112(1)
References
113(1)
Bibliography
114(1)
Chapter 6 Speciation 115(20)
6.1 Cations
118(5)
6.2 Anions
123(5)
6.3 Isolation of Species
128(1)
6.4 Sampling, Sample Storage, and Speciation
129(1)
6.5 Conclusions
130(1)
Problems
131(1)
References
131(3)
Bibliography
134(1)
Chapter 7 Soil And Soil Solution Sampling, Sample Transport, And Storage 135(24)
7.1 Field Sampling
136(11)
7.2 Sampling Cropped Land
147(1)
7.3 Environmental Sampling
148(1)
7.4 Other Environmental Sampling Situations
148(1)
7.5 Sample Transport and Storage
148(1)
7.6 Laboratory Sampling
149(4)
7.7 Sampling the Soil Solution
153(2)
7.8 Conclusions
155(1)
Problems
156(1)
References
157(1)
Bibliography
158(1)
Chapter 8 Direct And Indirect Measurement In Soil Analysis 159(16)
8.1 Direct Measurements
160(6)
8.2 Mediated Direct Measurement
166(2)
8.3 Indirect Soil Measurements
168(2)
8.4 Destructive Soil Analysis Methods
170(1)
8.5 Soil Solution
171(1)
8.6 Soil Solids
171(1)
8.7 Conclusions
172(1)
Problems
173(1)
References
173(1)
Bibliography
174(1)
Chapter 9 Electrical Measurements 175(18)
9.1 The Basic Electrochemical Cell
177(1)
9.2 Electricity Generation in Soil
177(1)
9.3 Potentiometry (Electrodes in Soil Measurements)
178(9)
9.4 Voltammetry
187(1)
9.5 Electrical Conductivity
187(1)
9.6 Time-Domain Reflectometry
188(1)
9.7 Porous Block
189(1)
9.8 Other Methods
189(1)
9.9 Conclusions
189(1)
Problems
190(1)
References
190(2)
Bibliography
192(1)
Chapter 10 Titrimetric Measurements 193(16)
10.1 Soil Titration
195(2)
10.2 Titration of Soil pH
197(3)
10.3 Organic Matter
200(1)
10.4 Ammonia
200(2)
10.5 Kjeldahl: Organic Nitrogen
202(1)
10.6 Nitrite and Nitrate
203(1)
10.7 Carbonate Determination
204(1)
10.8 Halogen Ion Determination
205(1)
10.9 pH-Stat Titrations
206(1)
10.10 Conclusions
207(1)
Problems
207(1)
References
208(1)
Chapter 11 Extraction Of Inorganics 209(22)
11.1 Extraction Equipment
210(1)
11.2 Water as a Soil Extractant
211(7)
11.3 Acid Extractants
218(4)
11.4 Extractants for Basic Soils
222(2)
11.5 Microwave-Assisted Extraction
224(1)
11.6 Ultrasonic Extraction
225(1)
11.7 Sequential Extraction
225(1)
11.8 Ion Exchange Resin Extractions
226(1)
11.9 Surfactants
227(1)
11.10 Conclusion
227(1)
Problems
227(1)
References
228(2)
Bibliography
230(1)
Chapter 12 Extraction Of Organics 231(23)
12.1 Sampling Handling before Extraction
235(1)
12.2 Extraction Equipment
235(8)
12.3 Soil Organic Matter Extraction Solvents
243(4)
12.4 Cleanup
247(3)
12.5 Conclusion
250(1)
Problems
250(1)
References
251(1)
Bibliography
252(2)
Chapter 13 Chromatography 254(20)
13.1 Fundamentals of Chromatography
256(1)
13.2 Gas Chromatography
257(7)
13.3 High-Performance Liquid Chromatography
264(1)
13.4 Thin-Layer Chromatography
265(2)
13.5 Electrophoresis
267(1)
13.6 Identification of Compounds Separated by Chromatographic Procedures
268(2)
13.7 Quantification
270(1)
13.8 Conclusion
271(1)
Problems
271(1)
References
272(1)
Bibliography
273(1)
Chapter 14 Spectroscopy And Spectrometry 274(30)
14.1 Spectral Overlap
275(1)
14.2 Noise
276(1)
14.3 The Visible Region
277(1)
14.4 Ultraviolet Region
278(2)
14.5 Infrared Spectroscopy
280(6)
14.6 Nuclear Magnetic Resonance
286(1)
14.7 Mass Spectrometry
287(1)
14.8 Atomic Spectroscopy
288(4)
14.9 Color Measurement: The Spectrophotometer
292(4)
14.10 Regression Analysis
296(1)
14.11 Relationship to the Original Sample
296(1)
14.12 X-ray Diffraction
297(1)
14.13 X-ray Fluorescence
297(2)
14.14 Remote Sensing
299(1)
14.15 Conclusion
299(1)
Problems
300(1)
References
300(3)
Bibliography
303(1)
Chapter 15 Hyphenated Methods In Soil Analysis 304(16)
15.1 Sample Preparation
307(1)
15.2 Sample Destroyed
307(6)
15.3 Nondestructive Methods
313(1)
15.4 Triple Hyphenated Methods
314(2)
15.5 Conclusions
316(1)
Problems
316(1)
References
317(1)
Bibliography
318(2)
Index 320
ALFRED R. CONKLIN JR., PhD, is Professor of Agriculture and Soil at Wilmington College, where he teaches soil science, organic chemistry, and chemistry and the environment. He is also the International Director of the International Undergraduate Research Symposium. The recipient of three Fulbright Awards, Dr. Conklin has more than four decades of experience extracting and analyzing soil samples from Africa, Asia, and North and South America.