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E-grāmata: Introduction to Star Formation

4.00/5 (16 ratings by Goodreads)
(Cardiff University), (University of Central Lancashire, Preston)
  • Formāts: PDF+DRM
  • Izdošanas datums: 10-Feb-2011
  • Izdevniecība: Cambridge University Press
  • Valoda: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9780511855733
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  • Formāts: PDF+DRM
  • Izdošanas datums: 10-Feb-2011
  • Izdevniecība: Cambridge University Press
  • Valoda: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9780511855733
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"Guiding the reader through all the stages that lead to the formation of a star such as our Sun, this is the first advanced textbook to provide students with a complete overview of star formation. It examines the underlying physical processes that govern the evolution from a molecular cloud core to a main-sequence star, and focuses on the formation of solar-mass stars. Each chapter combines theory and observation, helping readers to connect with and understand the theory behind star formation. Beginning with an explanation of the interstellar medium and molecular clouds as sites of star formation, subsequent chapters address the building of typical stars and the formation of high-mass stars, concluding with a discussion of the by-products and consequences of star formation. This is a unique, self-contained text with sufficient background information for self-study, and is ideal for students and professional researchers alike"--

Recenzijas

'Star formation is one of the most active research fields in modern astronomy and is also the key to understanding problems as diverse as galaxy evolution and the origin of planets. This book, written by two highly regarded experts, first poses the questions that define the field of star formation and then gives a remarkably comprehensive yet concise survey of the underlying physics. The book provides both an overview suitable for those new to the field and also a convenient handbook for established researchers. It emphasizes both basic principles and established results and will surely remain a standard work for years to come.' David Williams, Emeritus Perren Professor of Astronomy, University College London 'This book presents star formation and interstellar medium studies at a level appropriate for advanced undergraduate and first year graduate students in astronomy and astrophysics programs. This needed text fills the niche between non-technical general overviews and advanced treatments suited for senior graduate students or researchers.' John Bally, Professor of Astronomy, University of Colorado, Boulder 'This well-named book covers most of the ground in a still growing subject. It is well suited to the undergraduate or starting graduate, and as a refresher for professionals working in a different branch of the subject. With a wide-ranging and elementary introduction to bring anyone up to speed, a pleasant blend of observation and theory leads the reader through the entire research area, giving an authoritative and clear picture of our understanding of the subject, and of the tools used in its discovery. To have produced such a coherent picture of a complex area without sacrificing physical rigour is a significant achievement.' Peter Brand, Emeritus Professor of Astrophysics, University of Edinburgh 'The authors, wisely, did not try to write a complete, exhaustive, detailed compendium of all that is known about star formation. Instead, they produced a book that is appropriate for someone who knows three years of undergraduate physics and is learning about star formation for the first time, or is trying to refresh their knowledge of the fundamentals. I strongly recommend that all students taking a first course in star formation get the book and advise professional astrophysicists not already deeply involved in star formation to obtain it for reference.' T. W. Hartquist, University of Leeds ' the book is a pleasure to read slim meant to be digested in a single semester Ward-Thompson and Whitworth emphasize concepts, illuminated through derivations the approach [ is] successful pedagogically.' Physics Today 'I strongly recommend that all students get the book and advise professional astrophysicists not already deeply involved in star formation to obtain it for reference.' Astronomy & Geophysics

Papildus informācija

Ideal for students and researchers alike, this advanced textbook provides a complete overview of star formation.
List of illustrations xi
Preface xix
1 Introduction 1(20)
1.1 About this book
1(1)
1.2 The stellar life-cycle
2(1)
1.3 The space between the stars
3(3)
1.4 The distribution of the stars
6(2)
1.5 The magnetic field
8(2)
1.6 Star formation in a galactic context
10(2)
1.7 Known sites of contemporary star formation
12(3)
1.8 The initial mass function
15(1)
1.9 Objectives of star-formation theory
16(5)
2 Probing star formation 21(18)
2.1 Introduction
21(1)
2.2 Properties of photons
21(1)
2.3 Intensity
22(2)
2.4 Flux
24(1)
2.5 Radiant energy density
24(1)
2.6 Continuum radiation – studying the dust
25(2)
2.7 Radiative transfer
27(2)
2.8 Calculating the dust mass
29(3)
2.9 Line radiation–studying the gas
32(7)
3 The ISM–the beginnings of star formation 39(26)
3.1 Introduction
39(1)
3.2 The 21-cm line of atomic hydrogen
39(9)
3.3 Molecular gas
48(4)
3.4 Line shapes and the motion of the gas
52(4)
3.5 Absorption lines–searchlights through the ISM
56(5)
3.6 The curve of growth
61(2)
3.7 The use of absorption lines
63(2)
4 Molecular clouds-the sites of star formation 65(30)
4.1 The equation of state
65(1)
4.2 Fluid mechanics of molecular clouds
66(3)
4.3 Gravitational instability
69(3)
4.4 The virial theorem
72(3)
4.5 Observations of molecular clouds
75(3)
4.6 Turbulence in molecular clouds
78(5)
4.7 Magnetic fields in molecular clouds
83(4)
4.8 Chemistry in molecular clouds
87(8)
5 Fragmentation and collapse-the road to star formation 95(22)
5.1 The road to star formation
95(1)
5.2 Theoretical collapse solutions
96(2)
5.3 The minimum mass of a star
98(4)
5.4 Effects of the magnetic field
102(6)
5.5 Observations of the initial conditions of collapse
108(3)
5.6 Pre-stellar cores and the IMF
111(2)
5.7 Binary and multiple star formation
113(4)
6 Young stars, protostars and accretion-building a typical star 117(26)
6.1 Pre-main-sequence evolution
117(2)
6.2 Hayashi tracks
119(6)
6.3 Henyey tracks
125(3)
6.4 Accretion onto protostars
128(7)
6.5 Observations of protostars-the birth line
135(1)
6.6 Millimetre-wave continuum observations
136(2)
6.7 Millimetre-wave spectroscopy
138(1)
6.8 Infrared and optical observations
139(4)
7 The formation of high-mass stars, and their surroundings 143(30)
7.1 Introduction
143(1)
7.2 The main stages of high-mass star formation
144(5)
7.3 Building a high-mass star
149(4)
7.4 Line radiation from HII regions
153(3)
7.5 Recombination rate and emission measure
156(2)
7.6 Free-free radio continuum emission
158(3)
7.7 Size of an HII region - Stromgren radius
161(1)
7.8 Ionisation fronts
162(4)
7.9 Expansion of an HII region
166(7)
8 By-products and consequences of star formation 173(22)
8.1 Introduction
173(1)
8.2 Circumstellar discs
173(2)
8.3 Bipolar outflows
175(4)
8.4 Disc fragmentation
179(1)
8.5 Planet formation
180(4)
8.6 Brown dwarf stars
184(3)
8.7 Galaxy formation
187(3)
8.8 Starburst galaxies
190(1)
8.9 The epoch of star formation
191(4)
List of mathematical symbols 195(6)
List of figure credits 201(4)
Index 205
Derek Ward-Thompson is Deputy Head of the School of Physics and Astronomy at Cardiff University. An observer in the field of molecular clouds and protostars, Professor Ward-Thompson's research interests lie in observing the formation of stars and planets, particularly the very earliest stages of star formation. Anthony Whitworth is a Professor in the School of Physics and Astronomy at Cardiff University. Professor Whitworth's main area of research lies in the theoretical modelling of the formation of stars and brown dwarfs.