The nineteenth century brought unremitting conflict over the Papal States. As temporal sovereignty slipped from the popes hands in the Italian peninsula, the papacy developed into a soft power on a global scale. This transformation was driven both by the papacys conscious efforts to reinvent itself, and by increasing lay Catholic support in the face of mounting challenges: war, revolution, the rise of nationalism and increasing secularization. Though the reinvention of Church government entailed divisions among Catholics, it eventually allowed the pope to develop a new authority, subtler yet firmer than the one before. This volume tells the story of this profound transformation from the point of view of social, political and cultural history.
List of FiguresIX
ContributorsX
Introduction
Francisco Javier Ramón Solans
Part 1 Re-imagining the Pope in the Catholic World
1 Rome and the Americas: Geopolitical Imagination and Catholicism in the
Nineteenth Century
Elisa Cįrdenas
2 The Papacy in Mid-Nineteenth-Century American Catholic Imagination
Sandra Yocum
3 Far Away yet so Close: Fueling the Veneration for the Popes in Canada
(18671914)
Michel Dahan
4 Towards a Postcolonial Papacy
Imagining the Papacy from the Point of View of Filipino Nationalist
Catholics in the Late Nineteenth Century
Peter Ben Smit
Part 2 Old and New Challenges
5 Apostolic Rights of a Catholic Monarch? The Hungarian Royal Patronage and
Supremacy (14171919)
Péter Tusor
6 The Royal Patronage in Question: the Clash between Portugals Historical
Legacies and the Holy Sees Missionary Imperatives
Hugo Gonēalves Dores
7 The Father of Nations? Charisma, Peoples, and the Papacy in the Age of
Nationalism
Ignazio Veca
8 A Civil Code for the Pope? French Protection and Legal Reform in the Papal
States after 1848
Alessandro Capone
9 The Popes and the Pretenders: the Impossible Unity of Counter-Revolution in
the Nineteenth Century
Alexandre Dupont
10 Old Catholic and New Roman
Centrifugal Movements within Nineteenth-Century Catholicism and their
Contacts with the Episcopal Clergy in the Netherlands
Dirk Jan Schoon
11The Kulturkampf and the Papacy
Sarah Scholl
Part 3 Supporting the Papacy
12 Towards a Hieratic Stiffening: Rituals, Punishments, and Repentance in the
Papal States after Pius VII Restoration (1814)
Marco Emanuele Omes
13 Transnational Soldiers of the Faith: International Catholic Mobilization
in Defense of the Papacy (18601870)
Simon Sarlin
14 The Pope and His Cult in the Nineteenth Century: Practices of Devotion and
Transnational Circulations
Bruno Dumons
15 Between the Majesty of a Monarch and the Proximity of a Priest
New Ways of Performing the Papacy in the Second Half of the Nineteenth
Century
Francisco Javier Ramón Solans
Epilogue: the Evolvement of Papal Power since the Twentieth Century:
Mobilization, Media, and Diplomacy from Leo XIII to Francis
Mariano P. Barbato
Index
Carolina Armenteros, Ph.D. (2005, University of Cambridge) is Professor of Humanities and Social Sciences and Director of the Center for European Studies at the Pontificia Universidad Católica Madre y Maestra. She has published multiple books and articles on political and religious thought in the Age of Revolutions, including The French Idea of History: Joseph de Maistre and his Heirs, 17941854 (Cornell, 2011).
Francisco Javier Ramón Solans, Ph.D. (2012, University of Zaragoza/University of Paris 8) is Lecturer in Late Modern History at the University of Zaragoza. He has published monographs, edited volumes, and articles on 19th-century Catholicism, including Beyond the Andes: The Ultramontane Origins of a Latin American Church (18511910) (Brill, 2025).
