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E-grāmata: Investigative Interviewing: Adopting a Forensic Mindset

  • Formāts: 288 pages
  • Izdošanas datums: 10-Aug-2021
  • Izdevniecība: CRC Press
  • ISBN-13: 9781000418859
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  • Formāts: 288 pages
  • Izdošanas datums: 10-Aug-2021
  • Izdevniecība: CRC Press
  • ISBN-13: 9781000418859

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"Investigative Interviewing: Adopting a Forensic Mindset aims to promote legal and ethical investigative interview methods. Accordingly, possessing a forensic mindset should be the foundation that governs every aspect of an investigative interviewer's actions. Being a forensic professional-which includes the field of forensic interviewing-infers that one applies the highest standards in collecting, analyzing, preserving, and presenting evidence to a court of law or other tribunals. The term "investigative interview" with an interviewer's forensic mindset can be used to achieve all interview objectives, even obtaining truthful confessions that stand up to the scrutiny of the courts and public opinion. Key to this, the author contends, is eliminating the term "interrogation" and the confession-obtaining mindset it creates. In its place, the term "investigative interview" is used, promoting a forensic mindset to achieve desired interview objectives. What transpires during the interview must stand up to the scrutiny of the courts and public opinion. In this regard, due process, documenting the procedure, and practicing proven, effective techniques is paramount to getting to the truth-the ultimate goal of any investigation. The book includes a chapter dedicated to false confessions, due to is criticality and frequent occurrences of this. It continues with a discussion on the desired qualities of an investigative interviewer and strategies to break down barriers and gain trust with reluctant, uncooperative, and hostile interviewees. Proper report writing, an underrated key to any interview and investigation, is addressed in detail. Lastly. the book provides training on best practice interview steps and strategies to lead the interviewee to the truth that will stand up to the scrutiny of the courts and public opinion. Investigative Interviewing: Adopting a Forensic Mindset is well-suited as a textbook-outlining techniques and detailing all relevant case law concerning confessions- in addition to providing an Instructor's Manual with Test Bank and PowerPoint slides for professors to utilize in classroom instruction"--

Investigative Interviewing: Adopting a Forensic Mindset aims to promote legal and ethical investigative interview methods. Accordingly, possessing a forensic mindset should be the foundation that governs every aspect of an investigative interviewer's actions. Being a forensic professional—which includes the field of forensic interviewing—infers that one applies the highest standards in collecting, analyzing, preserving, and presenting evidence to a court of law or other tribunals. The term "investigative interview” with an interviewer's forensic mindset can be used to achieve all interview objectives, even obtaining truthful confessions that stand up to the scrutiny of the courts and public opinion. Key to this, the author contends, is eliminating the term “interrogation” and the confession-obtaining mindset it creates.In its place, the term “investigative interview” is used, promoting a forensic mindset to achieve desired interview objectives. What transpires during the interview must stand up to the scrutiny of the courts and public opinion. In this regard, due process, documenting the procedure, and practicing proven, effective techniques is paramount to getting to the truth—the ultimate goal of any investigation.The book includes a chapter dedicated to false confessions, due to is criticality and frequent occurrences of this. It continues with a discussion on the desired qualities of an investigative interviewer and strategies to break down barriers and gain trust with reluctant, uncooperative, and hostile interviewees. Proper report writing, an underrated key to any interview and investigation, is addressed in detail. Lastly. the book provides training on best practice interview steps and strategies to lead the interviewee to the truth that will stand up to the scrutiny of the courts and public opinion. Investigative Interviewing: Adopting a Forensic Mindset is well-suited as a textbook—outlining techniques and detailing all relevant case law concerning confessions— in addition to providing an Instructor’s Manual with Test Bank and PowerPoint slides for professors to utilize in classroom instruction.

Investigative Interviewing: Adopting a Forensic Mindset is a straight-forward, practical textbook outlining proper interview planning and techniques, detailing all relevant case law concerning confessions. The book promotes legal and ethical investigative interviewing methods.
Preface xv
Author xvii
PART 1 Due Process, The Foundation of Investigative Interviewing
1 Due Process and Case Law
3(14)
Introduction
3(1)
The Fifth, Sixth, and Fourteenth Amendments
4(1)
Miranda
5(6)
Violations of Miranda
7(1)
Custodial Questioning
8(1)
Exceptions to Miranda
9(1)
Miranda Application
10(1)
Challenges to Miranda
10(1)
Public Employee Due Process
11(3)
Garrity
11(1)
KaMnes
12(2)
Summary
14(1)
Exercise 1.1 Multiple Choice and True and False
14(2)
Exercise 1.2 Essay Topics
16(1)
References
16(1)
2 Interviewing Union Employees
17(10)
Introduction
17(1)
Background
18(1)
Weingarten
19(3)
Weingarten Ruling Application
20(1)
Non-Weingarten situations
21(1)
Union Employee's Responsibility
21(1)
Union Representative Rights and Roles
22(1)
Employer Prohibited Acts
22(1)
Personal Application of Interviewing Union Employees
22(1)
Summary
23(1)
Exercise 2.1 Multiple Choice and True and False Questions
23(2)
Exercise 2.2 Essay Topics
25(1)
References
25(2)
3 Confessions
27(18)
Introduction
28(2)
Confession Case Law
30(2)
Confessions Must Be Voluntary
30(1)
Physical Pressure, Assault, and Battery
31(1)
Psychological Pressure
32(1)
Deception
32(4)
Case Law That Allows Deception
33(1)
Deception That Is Generally Allowed
34(1)
Deception Not Allowed
35(1)
Other Prohibited Tactics
36(1)
Private Sector Confessions
37(1)
Clear and Convincing Evidence
38(1)
Investigative Interview Instead of Interrogation
39(2)
Summary
41(1)
Exercise 3.1 Multiple Choice and True and False Questions
41(2)
Exercise 3.2 Essay Topics
43(1)
References
43(2)
4 False Confessions
45(12)
Introduction
45(1)
False Confession Hazards
46(1)
Juvenile Coerced and False Confession Hazards
47(2)
Solutions
49(2)
Standardized Training
49(1)
Record All Critical Interviews
50(1)
Peer, Supervisory, and Legal Review
50(1)
Investigate Confession Recants
50(1)
Summary
51(1)
Exercise 4.1 Multiple Choice and True and False Questions
51(2)
Exercise 4.2 Essay Topics
53(1)
References
53(4)
PART 2 The Human Factor
5 Investigative Interviewer Desired Qualities
57(8)
Introduction
57(1)
Desired Qualities
58(4)
Summary
62(1)
Exercise 5.1 Multiple Choice and True and False Questions
63(1)
Exercise 5.2 Essay Topics
64(1)
6 Understanding the Interviewee
65(6)
Introduction
65(1)
Interviewee Negative Attitudes
66(1)
Interviewee Untruthfulness/Truthfulness
67(2)
Summary
69(1)
Exercise 6.1 Multiple Choice and True and False Questions
69(1)
Exercise 6.2 Essay Topics
70(1)
7 Understanding the Offender
71(8)
Introduction
71(1)
The Fraud Triangle
71(3)
Pressure
72(1)
Opportunity
73(1)
Rationalization
73(1)
The 10-10-80 Rule
74(1)
What Causes an Offender to Confess?
74(1)
Summary
75(1)
Exercise 7.1 Multiple Choice and True and False Questions
75(2)
Exercise 7.2 Essay Topics
77(1)
Reference
77(2)
8 Breakdown in Internal Controls
79(8)
Introduction
79(1)
The Four Ps of Internal Controls
80(1)
Internal Control Reviews and Audits
81(1)
Why Employees Do Not Follow Internal Controls
81(2)
Summary
83(1)
Exercise 8.1 Multiple Choice and True and False Questions
83(2)
Exercise 8.2 Essay Topics
85(1)
Reference
85(2)
9 Breaking Down Barriers and Gaining Trust
87(10)
Introduction
87(1)
Building Rapport
88(1)
Nonverbal Communication
88(3)
Proxemics
89(1)
Kinesics or Body Language
89(2)
Verbal Communication
91(2)
Word Choices
91(1)
Ask Open Questions
92(1)
Feel, Felt, and Found
92(1)
Paralinguistics
93(1)
Summary
93(1)
Exercise 9.1 Multiple Choice and True and False Questions
94(1)
Exercise 9.2 Essay Topics
95(1)
References
95(2)
10 Evaluating Nonverbal Response Behavior
97(8)
Introduction
97(1)
Kinesics--Body Language Anxiety Indicators
98(2)
Eye Direction When Answering Questions
100(1)
Paralinguistic Anxiety Indicators
100(1)
Summary
100(1)
Exercise 10.1 Multiple Choice and True and False Questions
101(1)
Exercise 10.2 Essay Topics
102(1)
Reference
102(3)
PART 3 The Interview
11 Preparing for and Arranging the Interview
105(16)
Introduction
105(1)
Preparing for the Interview
106(8)
Understand the Nature of the Offense
106(1)
Evaluate Available Information
106(1)
Classify the Interviewees
107(2)
Develop an Interview Strategy
109(1)
Interviewee Background
110(1)
Preparing a KTOT
111(1)
Benefits of Preparing a KTOT
112(1)
Organize the Interview Room
113(1)
Arranging the Interview
114(3)
Summary
117(1)
Exercise 11.1 Multiple Choice and True and False Questions
117(2)
Exercise 11.2 Essay Topics
119(2)
12 Beginning the Interview
121(12)
Introduction
121(1)
Introductions and Preliminary Matters
122(1)
Introductory Statements
123(3)
Preliminary Questions
126(1)
Biographical Information
126(1)
Build Rapport
126(1)
Establish Baseline Response Behavior
127(1)
Opening Statements
127(3)
Potential Suspect
128(2)
Suspect
130(1)
Summary
130(1)
Exercise 12.1 Multiple Choice and True and False Questions
130(2)
Exercise 12.2 Essay Topics
132(1)
13 Evaluating and Handling Denials
133(16)
Introduction
133(1)
Potential Suspect Denials
134(1)
Suspect Denials
134(1)
Weak Denials
135(10)
Evaluating Nonverbal Response with Verbal Denial
145(1)
Retreating from the Accusation
146(1)
Summary
146(1)
Exercise 13.1 Multiple Choice and True and False Questions
146(2)
Exercise 13.2 Essay Topics
148(1)
14 Questions, Responses, and Follow-Up
149(14)
Introduction
149(1)
Open Questions
150(1)
Evaluating Responses to Open Questions
151(3)
Follow-Up With Clarifying Questions
153(1)
Direct Questions
154(1)
Evaluating Responses to Direct Questions
155(3)
Follow-Up to Deceptive Nonverbal Response Behavior
158(1)
Follow-Up Test Questions
158(1)
Attitude Assessment Questions
159(1)
Summary
160(1)
Exercise 14.1 Multiple Choice and True and False Questions
160(2)
Exercise 14.2 Essay Topics
162(1)
15 Leading the Interviewee to the Truth
163(10)
Introduction
163(1)
Nonconfrontational Approach
164(1)
Persuading the Suspect to Tell the Truth
165(5)
Reveal Evidence
165(2)
Appeal to Common Sense
167(1)
Offer a Reason for the Offense
167(1)
Relate Similar Behavior
168(2)
Summary
170(1)
Exercise 15.1 Multiple Choice and True and False Questions
171(1)
Exercise 15.2 Essay Topics
172(1)
16 End, Evaluate, and Follow-Up
173(6)
Introduction
173(1)
End the Interview
173(1)
Evaluate the Interview
174(1)
Follow-Up Interview
175(1)
Summary
176(1)
Exercise 16.1 Multiple Choice and True and False Questions
176(2)
Exercise 16.2 Essay Topics
178(1)
17 Writing a Report of Interview
179(12)
Introduction
179(1)
ROI Rules
180(6)
Short Paragraphs
180(1)
Proper Grammar, Punctuation, and Syntax
180(1)
Use Active Voice
180(1)
Minimal Use of Quotes
181(1)
Proper Tense
181(1)
Appropriate Verbs
181(2)
Proper Pronouns
183(1)
Identifying Individuals and Entities
183(1)
ROI Organization
183(2)
Preliminary and Peripheral Information
185(1)
Summary
186(1)
Exercise 17.1 Multiple Choice and True and False Questions
186(2)
Exercise 17.2 Essay Topics
188(3)
PART 4 Case Study
A Basic Overview of Procurement Fraud
191(4)
Glossary
191(1)
Procurement Process
192(1)
Common Fraud Hazards
192(3)
Case Study--Part I
195(6)
Investigative Activity
195(3)
AVP John Nelson Interview
198(2)
Case Study--Part 1 Exercise
200(1)
Case Study--Part 2
201(12)
Preliminary Matters--Robert Lanier Interview
201(1)
Robert Lanier Interview Transcript
202(9)
Case Study--Part 2 Exercise
211(2)
Case Study--Part 3
213(1)
Investigative Activity
213(1)
Taylor
213(1)
Shelton
213(1)
Freeman
214(1)
Flannigan
214(1)
FBN
214(1)
Relevant Nationwide Policies
214(1)
Robert Lanier Second Interview
215(3)
The interview concluded at 5:20 pm
217(1)
Review of FBN Bank Documents
218(1)
Contact with Shelton.Taylor, and Freeman
218(1)
Shelton
218(1)
Taylor
218(1)
Freeman
219(1)
Case Study--Part 3 Exercise
219(2)
Case Study--Part 4
221(18)
Preliminary Matters--Gary Shelton Interview
221(1)
Gary Shelton Interview Transcript
221(16)
Case Study--Part 4 Exercise
237(2)
Case Study--Part 5
239(12)
Preliminary Matters--Peter Taylor Interview
240(1)
Peter Taylor Interview Transcript
240(10)
Case Study--Part 5 Exercise
250(1)
Case Study--Part 6
251(8)
Preliminary Matters--Jeffrey Freeman Interview
251(1)
Jeffrey Freeman Interview Transcript
251(5)
Case Study--Part 6 Exercise
256(1)
Case Resolution
257(2)
Appendix A KTOT Example
259(2)
KTOT--Fred Thompson
259(1)
Theory
260(1)
Interview Objective
260(1)
Key Topics
260(1)
Appendix B Interview Example
261(4)
Interview Transcript
261(4)
Index 265
John E. Grimes III, MS, CFI, CFE is an adjunct instructor at Stevenson University in Maryland. He developed and teaches the graduate-level course, Investigative Interviewing, in the Forensic Studies Program. He speaks at, and presents for, government and private entities. He retired in 2016 as the Chief Inspector with the Amtrak Office of Inspector General, having performed many in-house training sessions with Amtrak working there since 1993. In addition, he is a Certified Forensic Interviewer (CFI) and a Certified Fraud Examiner (CFE).