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E-grāmata: Japanese Dentition: Anthropology And History

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  • Formāts: 216 pages
  • Izdošanas datums: 21-Sep-2020
  • Izdevniecība: World Scientific Publishing Co Pte Ltd
  • Valoda: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9789811219696
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Japanese Dentition: Anthropology And HistoryPalielināt
  • Formāts: 216 pages
  • Izdošanas datums: 21-Sep-2020
  • Izdevniecība: World Scientific Publishing Co Pte Ltd
  • Valoda: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9789811219696
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This book introduces the achievements of dental anthropology research in Japan to the people in the world. It starts with the tooth morphology of the people in the Paleolithic Period about 20,000 years ago. Then it goes through Jomon Age and Yayoi Age when the admixture of the people happened. Here the difference of the tooth shape between those two human groups is emphasized. After these ages, Japanese teeth were not the same from age to age influenced by the environment. In the current age of Japan, topics such as third molar agenesis, change of eruption time of the first permanent teeth, mandibular torus, and high canine are discussed. These abnormal conditions in Japan also reflect the characteristic features of Japanese history and culture.

Foreword v
Prologue xv
Introduction xix
Japanese History Overview xxii
Chapter 1 Japanese Dentition
1(64)
1.1 The paleolithic age
1(7)
1.1.1 Teeth of Minatogawa man
2(4)
1.1.2 Reconstruction of the skull
6(2)
1.2 The Jomon period
8(14)
1.2.1 Skull of Jomon people
8(1)
1.2.2 Teeth of Jomon people
9(2)
1.2.3 Tooth wear
11(2)
1.2.4 Occlusion
13(3)
1.2.5 Caries
16(3)
1.2.6 Ritual extraction of teeth
19(2)
1.2.7 Forked teeth
21(1)
1.3 The Yayoi period
22(8)
1.3.1 Human bones in the Yayoi era
23(4)
1.3.2 Size of Yayoi teeth
27(1)
1.3.3 Caries in the Yayoi era
27(1)
1.3.4 Tooth extraction in the Yayoi era
28(2)
1.4 The Kofun period
30(2)
1.5 The medieval period (the Kamakura period)
32(12)
1.5.1 Head of the Kamakura period
33(2)
1.5.2 Alveolar prognathism
35(4)
1.5.3 Chronological change of stature
39(1)
1.5.4 Jaw development
40(1)
1.5.5 Enamel hypoplasia
41(2)
1.5.6 Oral hygiene of the Kamakura era
43(1)
1.6 The Edo era
44(21)
1.6.1 Teeth of Shogun the general
46(5)
1.6.2 Oral hygiene in the Edo era
51(1)
1.6.3 Fusa-youji and tooth powder
52(2)
1.6.4 Tooth blackening
54(5)
1.6.5 Wooden denture
59(3)
1.6.6 Tooth caries in the Edo period
62(1)
1.6.7 Wedge-shaped defect in the Edo period
63(2)
Chapter 2 Roots of Japanese Dentition
65(20)
2.1 Mongoloid dental complex
66(15)
2.1.1 Shovel-type incisor
69(3)
2.1.2 Sixth cusp
72(1)
2.1.3 Seventh cusp
73(1)
2.1.4 Deflecting wrinkle
74(1)
2.1.5 Protostylid
74(1)
2.1.6 Sundadont and Sinodont
74(7)
2.2 Roots of Jomon people's teeth
81(2)
2.3 Roots of Yayoi people's teeth
83(2)
Chapter 3 Tooth Size in Japanese Islands
85(28)
3.1 Eight regions in Japanese islands
85(5)
3.1.1 Total average of tooth size
86(1)
3.1.2 Tooth size of people in the world as observed from TATS
87(1)
3.1.3 Around Japan in the Jomon period
88(2)
3.2 Secular change of total tooth size
90(20)
3.2.1 The Jomon period
90(2)
3.2.2 The Yayoi period
92(2)
3.2.3 The Kofun period
94(2)
3.2.4 The mediaeval period (the Kamakura and Muromachi periods)
96(1)
3.2.5 Diet of the medieval era
96(2)
3.2.6 The Edo period (Early-modern)
98(1)
3.2.7 Diet of the Edo era
99(3)
3.2.8 The modern period (Meiji, Taisho, and early Showa)
102(1)
3.2.9 Diet of the modern era
102(2)
3.2.10 The recent period (late Showa and Heisei)
104(1)
3.2.11 Diet of the recent era
105(1)
3.2.12 Secular change in the Japanese islands
106(1)
3.2.13 Ainu people in Japan
107(3)
3.3 Changes before and after the World War II
110(3)
3.3.1 Generation difference
111(1)
3.3.2 Implication of change in tooth size after the World War II
111(2)
Chapter 4 Third Molar Tooth
113(14)
4.1 Origin of third molar
113(4)
4.1.1 Formation process
114(1)
4.1.2 Relationship between eruption times and growth
115(1)
4.1.3 When did the missing of the third molar start?
115(2)
4.2 Secular change of the third molar agenesis
117(2)
4.2.1 Prehistoric and historic ages
117(2)
4.3 Size of the other teeth in case of the third molar agenesis
119(3)
4.3.1 Problems of the remaining tooth size
119(2)
4.3.2 Reduction or enlargement
121(1)
4.4 Eruption disturbance in the lower third molar
122(3)
4.4.1 What are the causes?
123(2)
4.5 Relationship between the number of the erupted third molar and stature
125(2)
Chapter 5 Congenitally Missing Teeth
127(8)
5.1 Frequency of congenitally missing teeth
127(4)
5.1.1 Congenitally missing permanent teeth except molars
127(2)
5.1.2 Tooth sizes in missing and existing sides
129(2)
5.2 Congenital agenesis of the first molar in Japanese people
131(4)
5.2.1 Can the first molar be congenitally absent?
131(1)
5.2.2 What is degenerative mesial molar?
131(1)
5.2.3 Argument about congenitally missing first molar
131(2)
5.2.4 Morphological features of degenerative mesial molar
133(2)
Chapter 6 Characteristic Dental Traits
135(28)
6.1 History of dental caries
135(2)
6.1.1 Frequency of decayed tooth in Japanese oral hygiene
135(2)
6.1.2 Dental caries in contemporary Japan
137(1)
6.2 Secular change of mandibular bone
137(8)
6.2.1 Discrepancy hypothesis and its criticism
137(2)
6.2.2 Secular change in size and shape
139(3)
6.2.3 Change of morphology of the masticatory apparatus due to the economic growth
142(3)
6.3 Order of eruption time of the first molar and the first incisor
145(4)
6.3.1 Is it a world trend?
146(1)
6.3.2 Eruption sequence in hominin
147(2)
6.3.3 What is the cause of the reversal phenomenon?
149(1)
6.4 Mandibular torus
149(4)
6.4.1 Genetic and environmental factors
150(1)
6.4.2 Temporal change of appearance rate
150(1)
6.4.3 There are two turning points
151(1)
6.4.4 Affecting factor
152(1)
6.4.5 Longer life and mandibular torus
152(1)
6.5 Japanese thoughts on fangs
153(5)
6.5.1 Fang or tusk
153(1)
6.5.2 Fudo Myoo's fangs
153(1)
6.5.3 Mask of "Hannya" appearing in Noh
154(1)
6.5.4 Yae-ba (double tooth or high canine)
155(1)
6.5.5 Culture in Yae-ba
156(1)
6.5.6 First appearance of a double tooth in human evolution
157(1)
6.6 Sex differences in size of human teeth
158(5)
6.6.1 What kind of tooth other than canines is effective for sex difference?
159(1)
6.6.2 Comparison of sex difference among human groups
160(3)
Epilogue 163(2)
Appendix 165(8)
References 173(12)
Index 185
Eisaku Kanazawa was born in 1947, and earned a Doctor of Medicine degree in 1980 from Keio University, Tokyo. He is an author of many papers and books, and a pioneer of mini-moire 3D photography for small substructures of the tooth crown. In particular, Kanazawa et al.'s (1990) paper is internationally very famous. Recently, he is active also in studies on cultural phenomena relating to teeth of the Edo period (16031867) in Japan.

Hiroyuki Yamada was born in 1949, and completed a Doctor of Dental Medicine degree in 1978 under the late Professor Takuro Sakai of Aichi-Gakuin University, Nagoya. Yamada has written many papers and books on dental anthropology. Among others, a series of papers on third molar agenesis is greatly appreciated. Yamada et al.'s (2004) paper made a strong impact upon the Japanese society of anthropology of those days.
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