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E-grāmata: Jewish Philosophy in the Middle Ages

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Jewish Philosophy in the Middle Ages presents an overview of the formative period of medieval Jewish philosophy, from its beginnings with Saadiah Gaon to its apex in Maimonides, when Jews living in Islamic countries and writing in Arabic were the first to develop a conscious and continuous tradition of philosophy.The book includes a dictionary of selected philosophic terms, and discusses the Greek and Arabic schools of thought that influenced the Jewish thinkers and to which they responded. The discussion covers: the nature of Jewish philosophy, Saadiah Gaon and the Kalam, Jewish Neo-Platonism, Bahya ibn Paqudah, Abraham ibn Ezra's philosophical Bible exegesis, Judah Ha-Levi's critique of philosophy, Abraham ibn Daud and the transition to Aristotelianism, Maimonides, and the controversy over Maimonides and philosophy.

Recenzijas

"This volume is [ a] great achievement. [ Dr. Jospe's] book can be used as both a textbook and reference book because of its clear and extensive index of names and topics. Yet the clarity of the book's presentation and its readability make it a perfect introductory volume for a lay reader. His introductory chapter What is Jewish Philosophy" alone is worth the price of the book because it surveys the wide variety of approaches of Jewish philosophy. There is, as Dr. Jospe makes very clear, no single, uniform Jewish philosophy. Thus, many Jews who understand this, become confused, throw up their hands and ask, "If so, what should I believe?" Jospe's excellent book helps people reach an answer." -- Israel Drazen * The Jewish Eye * "Jospe (Bar-Ilan University/Hebrew University) offers an excellent overview of a formative period in medieval Jewish philosophy, from Saadia Gaon to its climax with Maimonides, when Jews living in Islamic lands and writing in Arabic developed a conscious philosophical tradition. . . . Throughout, the author focuses on selected thinkers who represent important philosophical schools of thought and literary genres. Among the book's many useful features are the general introduction and helpful didactic charts, diagrams and tables. Included are comparative cross references, a good subject and name index, and two illuminating appendices. This book joins others in a group of excellent but very different scholarly treatments of Jewish philosophy, including Isaac Husik's History of Medieval Jewish Philosophy (1916), Julius Guttmann's Philosophies of Judaism (1964) and Colette Sirat's History of Jewish Philosophy in the Middle Ages (1985). Jospe's book complements these works and moves the philosophical discussion along. Summing Up: Highly Recommended. Graduate students and above; general readers." -- D.B. Levy, Touro College, Lander College for Women * CHOICE (April 2010) * Raphael Jospes book was translated from a course produced for Israels Open University, and, therefore, is very much intended as a textbook, including copious citations from the works under discussion, frequent summaries of the material, and illustrations and tables...Furthermore, Jospe does not restrict himself merely to his authors strictly philosophical works, for instance discussing Judah Halevis poetry and Maimonidess dogmatics. Of note is the long section devoted to Abraham ibn Ezra...In addition to his summary of the medieval views, and the production of texts which illustrate the points made, Jospe makes references to contemporary scholarship, presenting alternate interpretations of the works he discusses, often with his own response to these views. -- Daniel J. Lasker, Norbert Blechner Professor of Jewish Values, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev * European Judaism *

Preface xi
Introduction xii
Section I FOUNDATIONS
What is Jewish Philosophy?
3(42)
What is Jewish Philosophy?
3(32)
Philo Judaeus of Alexandria
35(5)
The Rise of Jewish Philosophy in the Middle Ages
40(5)
Sa`adiah Ga' on and the Kalam
45(34)
Sa`adiah Ga' on and the Kalam
45(8)
Sa`adiah Ga' on: Life and Works
53(2)
Sa`adiah Ga' on: The Book of Beliefs and Opinions
55(24)
Jewish Neoplatonism: Isaac Israeli and Solomon ibn Gabirol
79(53)
Introduction: The Background of Neoplatonism
79(16)
Isaac Israeli
95(12)
Solomon ibn Gabirol
107(23)
Conclusion
130(2)
Bahya ibn Paquda: The Duties of the Heart
132(45)
Bahya ibn Paquda's Ideological Background
132(5)
The Duties of the Heart
137(6)
The Duties of the Limbs and the Duties of the Heart
143(6)
The Existence of God and the Creation of the World
149(3)
The Unity of God
152(4)
The Divine Attributes
156(3)
Examining the Created World
159(1)
Service of God and Arousal of the Soul
160(3)
The Dialogue of the Intellect and the Soul
163(3)
Trust in God, Predetermination and Free Will
166(1)
Repentance and Arousal
166(2)
Asceticism
168(5)
The Love of God
173(4)
Section II TRANSITIONS
Philosophical Exegesis of the Bible: Abraham ibn Ezra
177(60)
Bible Exegesis as a Philosophical Literary Genre
177(2)
Abraham ibn Ezra: Life and Works
179(2)
Ibn Ezra and Bible Criticism
181(7)
The Bible and Reason
188(12)
Cosmogony and Cosmology
200(6)
The Names of God
206(5)
``He is All, and All is from Him''
211(3)
``The All Knows Particulars in a General Way and not in a Particular Way''
214(2)
The World to Come (`Olam Ha-Ba)
216(1)
The Microcosm and Self-Knowledge
217(1)
Ibn Ezra and Astrology
218(17)
Summary
235(2)
Judah Ha-Levi and the Critique of Philosophy
237(83)
Introduction
237(2)
Judah Ha-Levi's Life, Status and Influence
239(4)
Judah Ha-Levi's Poetry
243(3)
The Intellectual and Cultural Background of Judah Ha-Levi
246(17)
The Kuzari and the Khazars
263(2)
The Kuzari: Structure and Composition of the Book
265(8)
The Prologue to the Kuzari
273(10)
The Haver's Reply: Historical Knowledge vs. Metaphysical Speculation
283(3)
The Uniqueness of Israel and the ``Divine Faculty''
286(9)
The Land of Israel and the Theory of Climes
295(3)
The Superiority of the Hebrew Language
298(3)
The Transmission of Semitic Culture and Science
301(2)
A Universal Ethic
303(6)
God: Attributes, Names and Actions
309(5)
The Messianic Future
314(3)
Afterword: Judah Ha-Levi's Theory---Racial or Racist?
317(3)
The Transition to Aristotelianism: Abraham ibn Da'ud
320(25)
Introduction
320(5)
The Life and Works of Abraham ibn Da'ud
325(2)
The Exalted Faith and ibn Da'ud's Place in Jewish Philosophy
327(3)
The Exalted Faith: Selected Themes
330(12)
Conclusion
342(3)
Section III RAMBAM
Principles of Judaism
345(55)
Introduction
345(2)
Pereq Heleq: ``All Israel have a Portion in the World to Come''
347(18)
The Thirteen Principles: Content and Meaning
365(24)
Rambam's Purpose: Why did Rambam Compose the Thirteen Principles?
389(11)
The Guide of the Perplexed: On God
400(65)
The Guide of the Perplexed
400(29)
On God: The ``Via Negativa''
429(12)
The Names of God
441(4)
On God: The ``Via Positiva''
445(20)
The Guide of the Perplexed: On the World and Humans
465(86)
Creation
465(8)
Prophecy
473(8)
The Torah
481(17)
Providence and the Problem of Evil
498(13)
The Ultimate Human End: Rambam's Ethical and Political Theory
511(36)
Conclusion
547(4)
Section IV THE CONTROVERSY OVER PHILOSOPHY AND RAMBAM
The Controversy over Philosophy and Rambam
551(31)
The Inherent Conflict of Faith and Reason
551(3)
The Historical Background
554(4)
Four Stages or Climaxes
558(2)
The First Climax: During Rambam's Lifetime
560(1)
The Second Climax: 1230--1235 in France
561(2)
The Third Climax: A Renewal of the Controversy in the East, 1288--1290
563(3)
The Fourth and Final Climax: 1300--1306 in Christian Spain and Provence
566(7)
Appendices
Appendix I. Cosmology: The Spheres And Emanation
573(7)
Appendix II. The Categories
580(2)
Index 582
Raphael Jospe teaches Jewish Philosophy at Bar Ilan University and the Hebrew University of Jerusalem and served as the editor of the Jewish Philosophy Division of the Encyclopaedia Judaica (2nd edition). His publications include a 3-volume Hebrew history, Jewish Philosophy In the Middle Ages, Torah and Sophia: The Life and Thought of Shem Tov ibn Falaquera and a 2-volume collection, Jewish Philosophy: Foundations and Extensions.