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E-grāmata: Job Stressors and Mental Health: A Proactive Clinical Perspective [World Scientific e-book]

(Inst Of Mental Health, Belgrade, Serbia), (Karolinska Inst, Sweden)
  • Formāts: 404 pages
  • Izdošanas datums: 29-Oct-2013
  • Izdevniecība: World Scientific Publishing Co Pte Ltd
  • ISBN-13: 9789814525565
  • World Scientific e-book
  • Cena: 133,51 €*
  • * this price gives unlimited concurrent access for unlimited time
  • Formāts: 404 pages
  • Izdošanas datums: 29-Oct-2013
  • Izdevniecība: World Scientific Publishing Co Pte Ltd
  • ISBN-13: 9789814525565
The title of this book reflects the fundamental aim: to explore the relation between exposure to job stressors and mental health. This is done with the primary intention of developing a new clinical approach, one which takes a proactive stance, emphasizing the need for creating work conditions that are more in harmony with the needs of the human being. Pivotal to this endeavor is to provide an integrative and comprehensive methodology, for assessing work stressors and ameliorating them whenever possible. This methodology, the Occupational Stressor Index, the OSI, was developed by the authors, who have successfully applied the OSI over the years in the context of prevention-oriented clinical practice within neurology and psychiatry, as well as within cardiology, oncology and other medical disciplines. The OSI is grounded in cognitive ergonomics and brain research. The authors, as clinicians, have a special interest in and affinity with their colleagues, their fellow physicians. Consequently, the working conditions and mental health of physicians are strongly emphasized throughout the book. Gender considerations are also woven into the entire book.This book will be of value to readers at many levels and interests. It is written in such a way that a non-expert can learn a great deal about the topics. Readers at all levels can reflect on their own work situation and how it could be improved within the framework of enhanced mental health. For health professionals, particularly psychiatrists, occupational medicine specialists, clinical psychologists as well as physicians involved in primary care and rehabilitation, this book will represent a sorely-needed paradigm shift which will help them address a main source of their patients' mental distress. It will be thought-provoking and yet also practical. Part I of the book provides the multi-faceted, scientific justification for this new clinical approach. The authors, as clinicians themselves, speak the clinical language and guide the reader step-by-step as to how this approach can be applied in practice.
Dedication v
Preface xvii
Acknowledgements xix
List of Panels and Table
xxi
List of Figures
xxiii
Chapter 1 Work as a Potential Source of Meaning versus of Stress: Implications for Mental Health
1(6)
1.1 The need for an integrative clinical approach
2(1)
1.1.1 Preventing and overcoming demoralization: a critical task
3(1)
1.2 Insights from cognitive neuroscience
3(1)
1.2.1 Work stressors vs. the stress response: a key distinction
4(1)
1.3 The aims and organization of this book
4(3)
Part I Background: Evidence, Mechanisms, Current Standard of Care and Methodology
7(156)
Chapter 2 The Work Environment's Impact on Mental Health: Epidemiologic Evidence
9(38)
2.1 Sociological models to assess the association between the psychosocial work environment and health outcomes
9(4)
2.1.1 Job strain
10(2)
2.1.2 Effort reward imbalance
12(1)
2.2 The work environment and mental health outcomes
13(14)
2.2.1 Depression, burnout and related mental health disorders
14(4)
2.2.2 Suicide risk
18(1)
2.2.3 Anxiety disorders
19(2)
2.2.4 Occupations at risk for adverse mental health outcomes
21(6)
2.3 Neurological disorders, cognitive function, cerebrovascular disease and work-related exposures
27(3)
2.3.1 Headache
27(1)
2.3.2 Epilepsy
27(2)
2.3.3 Cognitive function and work hours
29(1)
2.3.4 Neuropsychiatric consequences of physical/chemical exposures
29(1)
2.3.5 Occupational groups at risk for cerebrovascular disease
30(1)
2.4 Unhealthy behaviors associated with work stressors
30(5)
2.4.1 Smoking
30(2)
2.4.2 Obesity
32(1)
2.4.3 Alcohol and drugs
33(1)
2.4.4 Combined lifestyle related risk profile
33(1)
2.4.5 Absenteeism and presenteeism
34(1)
2.5 Other health outcomes related to the work environment
35(7)
2.5.1 Coronary heart disease, hypertension, other cardiovascular disease
35(4)
2.5.2 Peptic ulcer disease and diabetes mellitus
39(1)
2.5.3 Vulnerability to malignancy
39(2)
2.5.4 Musculoskeletal disorders
41(1)
2.6 Mental health consequences of job insecurity, precarious employment, unemployment and retirement
42(5)
Chapter 3 Work Stress Mechanisms and Mental Health: A Focused Overview
47(54)
3.1 Gender, work stressors and health: a richer conceptualization
47(2)
3.2 Econeurologic mechanisms: mental burden of work processes
49(24)
3.2.1 A deeper understanding of psychological demands
50(16)
3.2.2 Emotional dimensions of work
66(7)
3.3 Burden upon mental resources and the recovery process
73(3)
3.3.1 The role of cognitive appraisal
74(2)
3.4 Event-related potentials, quantitative EEG and neuropsychiatry
76(13)
3.4.1 Anxiety
77(3)
3.4.2 Post-traumatic stress disorder
80(1)
3.4.3 Depression, burnout and related disturbances
81(2)
3.4.4 Bipolar disorder
83(1)
3.4.5 Psychoses
84(1)
3.4.6 Migraine headache
85(1)
3.4.7 Epilepsy
86(3)
3.5 The environment--brain--cardiovascular system: econeurocardiology
89(12)
3.5.1 The glare pressor test
90(8)
3.5.2 Further directions
98(3)
Chapter 4 Work Fitness and Occupational Rehabilitation: The Current Standard of Care
101(30)
4.1 Mental health disorders, work fitness and rehabilitation
101(9)
4.1.1 General observations
101(3)
4.1.2 Explicitly stress--related mental health disorders
104(3)
4.1.3 Anxiety disorders
107(1)
4.1.4 Depression
108(1)
4.1.5 Bipolar disorders
109(1)
4.1.6 Psychotic disorders
110(1)
4.1.7 Alcohol and drug misuse
110(1)
4.2 Neurological disorders
110(5)
4.2.1 Migraine headaches
111(1)
4.2.2 Epilepsy
111(2)
4.2.3 Disorders of sleep and awareness
113(1)
4.2.4 Disorders related to neurotoxicity exposure
114(1)
4.2.5 Cerebrovascular disorders
114(1)
4.2.6 Brain tumors
114(1)
4.3 Experience regarding work fitness and rehabilitation from other areas of medicine
115(11)
4.3.1 Oncology
115(2)
4.3.2 Ischemic heart disease and hypertension
117(3)
4.3.3 Rheumatologic/musculoskeletal disorders
120(2)
4.3.4 Diabetes, peptic ulcer disease and other gastrointestinal disorders
122(2)
4.3.5 Respiratory disorders
124(2)
4.4 Special issues for work fitness and occupational rehabilitation
126(5)
4.4.1 Further considerations about public safety
126(3)
4.4.2 Women, work fitness and return to work
129(2)
Chapter 5 The Occupational Stressor Index (OSI): A Comprehensive Model derived from Cognitive Ergonomics for Clinical Practice
131(32)
5.1 Basis and organization of the OSI
132(13)
5.1.1 The axes of the OSI: formation of a two-dimensional matrix
132(11)
5.1.2 The OSI model in its entirety
143(2)
5.2 The occupation-specific OSI instruments
145(5)
5.2.1 Generic versus occupation-specific instruments
145(1)
5.2.2 The process of developing occupation-specific OSI's
146(4)
5.2.3 Available occupation-specific OSI's and those in development
150(1)
5.3 Reliability of the OSI
150(2)
5.4 Validity of the OSI
152(11)
5.4.1 Construct validity of the OSI: theoretical/biological coherence
152(1)
5.4.2 Face validity of the OSI
153(1)
5.4.3 Criterion validity of the OSI: empirical results
154(5)
5.4.4 Clinical validity of the OSI
159(4)
Part II The Clinical Case Studies
163(100)
Chapter 6 Introduction to Part II: The Clinical Case Studies
165(4)
6.1 A brief recapitulation
165(1)
6.2 Aims, scope and organization of part II
165(4)
6.2.1 The structure of the clinical case studies
166(3)
Chapter 7 An Exhausted Psychiatrist Thinking about Suicide: Our First Clinical Case Study
169(16)
7.1 The case: Dr. R is extremely fatigued and admits to thoughts of suicide
170(2)
7.1.1 Objective findings
171(1)
7.1.2 Initial assessment, management and clinical course
171(1)
7.1.3 Additional psychometric and neurophysiologic evaluation
172(1)
7.2 Dr. R's case re-visited: insights from the OSI
172(4)
7.3 How to proceed? Return to healthier work with bolstered coping strategies
176(7)
7.3.1 Immediate steps
177(2)
7.3.2 Step II--cognitive/behavioral therapy focusing on psychosocial work stressors
179(2)
7.3.3 Step III--outreach: initial efforts towards improving work organization
181(2)
7.4 Comments and further thoughts
183(2)
Chapter 8 Middle-School Teacher with Panic Attacks and Migraine Headaches: Second Case Study
185(12)
8.1 The case: M.A.'s panic attacks and severe migraines
186(2)
8.1.1 Objective findings
186(2)
8.2 M.A.'s work situation: insights from the OSI
188(3)
8.3 M.A. meets with the occupational neuropsychiatrist
191(6)
8.3.1 Assessment
191(1)
8.3.2 Therapeutic measures: cognitive-behavioral therapy, immediate work-related and lifestyle changes and pharmacotherapy
191(3)
8.3.3 Outreach: initial efforts towards improving work organization
194(3)
Chapter 9 Computer Programmer with Epilepsy and Agoraphobia: Third Case Study
197(10)
9.1 The case: S.P.'s epilepsy and agoraphobia
198(2)
9.1.1 Objective findings
199(1)
9.2 S.P.'s work situation: insights from the OSI
200(3)
9.3 S.P. meets with the occupational neuropsychiatrist
203(3)
9.3.1 Assessment
203(1)
9.3.2 Integrative therapeutic approach: supportive/cognitive-behavioral therapy, disclosure and targeted workplace modifications
204(2)
9.4 The outcome
206(1)
Chapter 10 Oncology Nurse with Breast Cancer and Disturbed Sleep: Fourth Case Study
207(12)
10.1 The case: C.G. has breast cancer and disturbed sleep
208(2)
10.1.1 Objective findings
209(1)
10.2 C.G.'s work situation: insights from the OSI
210(3)
10.3 C.G. meets with the occupational neuropsychiatrist
213(3)
10.3.1 Assessment
214(1)
10.3.2 Integrative therapeutic approach: supportive/cognitive-behavioral therapy, disclosure and targeted worksite modifications
215(1)
10.4 Comment
216(3)
Chapter 11 Control Panel Worker with Paranoid Ideation: Fifth Clinical Case Study
219(8)
11.1 The case: T.S. mistrusts his entire work collective
220(2)
11.1.1 Objective findings
220(2)
11.2 T.S.'s work situation: insights from the OSI
222(4)
11.3 Intervention by the occupational neuropsychiatrist
226(1)
11.4 Further thoughts and comments
226(1)
Chapter 12 Tram Driver with Post-traumatic Stress Disorder: Sixth Case Study
227(14)
12.1 The case: B.F. has post-traumatic stress disorder
228(2)
12.1.1 Objective findings
229(1)
12.2 B.F.'s work situation: insights from the OSI
230(5)
12.3 Return to healthier work: the process for B.F.
235(6)
12.3.1 Immediately implementable modifications in work conditions
236(4)
12.3.2 Outreach: initial efforts towards improving work organization
240(1)
Chapter 13 Scientist with Bipolar Disorder: Seventh Clinical Case Study
241(12)
13.1 The case: Dr. A. has bipolar disorder
242(2)
13.1.1 Objective findings
243(1)
13.2 Dr. A.'s work situation: insights from the OSI
244(2)
13.3 What are the feasible options for Dr. A. vis-a-vis the work environment?
246(4)
13.4 Healthy work for scientists?
250(3)
Chapter 14 A Dysphoric Academic Physician near Formal Retirement Age: Concluding Case Study
253(10)
14.1 Dr. L. is nearing formal retirement age and is dysphoric
254(1)
14.2 Dr. L.'s work situation: insights from the OSI
255(4)
14.3 The transition process for Dr. L.
259(1)
14.4 Comments and further thoughts
260(3)
Part III A New Clinical Approach to Neuropsychiatry Focusing upon the Work Environment
263(12)
Chapter 15 The Need for a New Subspecialty: Occupational Neuropsychiatry
265(6)
15.1 An occupational neuropsychiatry paradigm: mental health disorders as potential "occupational sentinel health events"
267(1)
15.2 A larger framework for the occupational neuropsychiatrist
268(2)
15.3 Can workplace modifications suggested by the clinician for individual patients help inform workplace intervention trials?
270(1)
Chapter 16 Perspectives towards a Humane Work Environment: A Clinical View
271(4)
Appendices
275
Appendix A Diagnostic Criteria for Selected Mental, Behavioral and Somatic Disorders
277
Section 1 Diagnostic criteria for selected mental and behavioral disorders based on the ICD-10
278