The ancient kalam cosmological argument maintains that the series of past events is finite and that therefore the universe began to exist. Two recent scientific discoveries have yielded plausible prima facie physical evidence for the beginning of the universe. The expansion of the universe points to its beginning-to a Big Bang-as one retraces the universe's expansion in time. And the second law of thermodynamics, which implies that the universe's energy is progressively degrading, suggests that the universe began with an initial low entropy condition.
The kalam cosmological argument-perhaps the most discussed philosophical argument for God's existence in recent decades-maintains that whatever begins to exist must have a cause. And since the universe began to exist, there must be a transcendent cause of its beginning, a conclusion which is confirmatory of theism. So this medieval argument for the finitude of the past has received fresh wind in its sails from recent scientific discoveries.
This collection reviews and assesses the merits of the latest scientific evidences for the universe's beginning. It ends with the kalam argument's conclusion that the universe has a cause-a personal cause with properties of theological significance.
Recenzijas
The two volumes of Copans The Kalam Cosmological Argument, without a doubt, constitute an excellent collection of essays that for years to come will be the place to start for those interested in a profound analysis of the problems and merits of the Kalam cosmological argument. * Reading Religion * A universe which burst into existence must have a Creatorso says the ancient Argument. It sets the scene for these fascinating, expert writings about the Big Bang and its magnificent consequences. * John Leslie, Fellow of the Royal Society of Canada and author of Universes * To a cosmologist, the interesting thing about the beginning of the universe is that no one ordered it. No one tried to make a universe with a beginning, and yet time and again, while seeking to describe our universe, scientists found a cosmic beginning in their models. This volume wrestles with the implications of cosmological theoriesthe interaction between Craig and Pitt alone is worth the price of admission, as is Vilenkin's commentary on the state of the universe. Highly recommended. * Luke Barnes, Postdoctoral Researcher at the Sydney Institute for Astronomy, University of Sydney, Australia *
Papildus informācija
Anthology of the best recent work, from both a philosophical and scientific perspective, on the kalam argument for a transcendent cause of the universe's existence.
| Acknowledgments |
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vi | |
| Foreword |
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vii | |
| Introduction |
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1 | (11) |
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2.3 The Inductive Argument Based on Expansion of the Universe |
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1 The Kaldm Cosmological Argument: "Science" Excerpt |
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12 | (68) |
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2 Why the Big Bang Singularity Does Not Help the Kalam Cosmological Argument for Theism |
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80 | (30) |
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3 On Non-Singular Spacetimes and the Beginning of the Universe |
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110 | (40) |
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4 The Beginning of the Universe |
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150 | (9) |
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2.4 The Inductive Argument Based on Thermodynamic Properties of the Universe |
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5 A Dying Universe: The Long-Term Fate and Evolution of Astrophysical Objects |
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159 | (73) |
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6 Heat Death in Ancient and Modern Thermodynamics |
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232 | (11) |
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7 Entropy and Eschatology: A Comment on Kutrovatz's Paper "Heat Death in Ancient and Modern Thermodynamics" |
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243 | (9) |
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8 The Generalized Second Law Implies a Quantum Singularity Theorem |
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252 | (47) |
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Conclusion Therefore, the Universe Has a Cause |
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9 Libertarian Agency and the Craig/Grunbaum Debate about Theistic Explanation of the Initial Singularity |
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299 | (13) |
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10 Causation and the Logical Impossibility of a Divine Cause |
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312 | (21) |
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333 | (20) |
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| Permissions |
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353 | (3) |
| Index |
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356 | |
William Lane Craig is a Professor of Philosophy at Talbot School of Theology and at Houston Baptist University, USA. He has authored or edited over forty books, including Theism, Atheism, and Big Bang Cosmology (1995), God, Time, and Eternity (2001); and God Over All (2016), as well as over 150 articles in journals such as The Journal of Philosophy, American Philosophical Quarterly, Philosophical Studies, Philosophy, and British Journal for Philosophy of Science.
Paul Copan is the Pledger Family Chair of Philosophy and Ethics at Palm Beach Atlantic University, USA. His past publications include Creation Out of Nothing: A Biblical, Philosophical, and Scientific Exploration (with William Lane Craig; 2004), The Rationality of Theism (co-edited with with Paul K. Moser; 2003), The Routledge Companion to Philosophy of Religion (co-edited with Chad V. Meister; 2007; 2nd ed. 2012) and Philosophy of Religion: Classic and Contemporary Issues (co-edited with Chad V. Meister; 2007). He has authored and edited several other books and contributed essays and written reviews for journals such as The Review of Metaphysics, Faith and Philosophy, Philosophia Christi, and Trinity Journal.
