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E-grāmata: Laboratory Manual for Geotechnical Characterization of Fine-Grained Soils [Taylor & Francis e-book]

Alan J. Lutenegger (University of Massachusetts, Amberst, USA)

Formāts: 306 pages, 50 Tables, black and white; 89 Line drawings, black and white; 52 Halftones, black and white; 141 Illustrations, black and white
Izdošanas datums: 18-Oct-2022
Izdevniecība: CRC Press
ISBN-13: 9781003263289

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Taylor & Francis e-book
Cena: 124,51 €*
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Formāts: 306 pages, 50 Tables, black and white; 89 Line drawings, black and white; 52 Halftones, black and white; 141 Illustrations, black and white
Izdošanas datums: 18-Oct-2022
Izdevniecība: CRC Press
ISBN-13: 9781003263289

Citas grāmatas par šo tēmu:

More info about Taylor & Francis e-books

Rokasgrāmatas mājas lapa: https://www.taylorfrancis.com/books/9781003263289

This manual presents procedures for performing advanced laboratory tests on fine-grained soils. It covers characterization tests, which determine soil composition and quantify the individual components of a soil, and behavioral tests, such as the Atterberg Limits tests that demonstrate how the fines fraction of a soil reacts when mixed with water and the Linear Shrinkage Test that demonstrates how much a soil shrinks.

The material goes beyond traditional evaluation of basic soil behavior by presenting more advanced laboratory tests to characterize soil in more detail. These tests provide detailed compositional characteristics which identify subtle changes in conditions and vertical variations in the soil, and which help to explain unusual behavior.

A unique compilation of information on key soil tests

Combines characterization tests with behavior tests

The book suits graduate students in geotechnical engineering, as well as practitioners and researchers.

Preface

xvii

Acknowledgments

xix

Introduction

xxi

PART I Determination of Compositional Characteristics

(130)

1 Water Content

(16)

Background

(1)

Water Content by Convection Oven

(5)

Introduction

(2)

Standard

(1)

Equipment

(1)

Procedure

(1)

Calculations

(1)

Example

(1)

Discussion

(2)

Water Content by Microwave Oven

(3)

Introduction

(1)

Standard

(1)

Equipment

(1)

Procedure

(1)

Calculations

(1)

Example

(1)

Discussion

(1)

Water Content by Portable Carbide Gas Method -- "Speedy" Moisture Meter

(6)

Introduction

(2)

Standard

(1)

Equipment

(1)

Procedure

(1)

Calculations

(1)

Example

(1)

Discussion

(2)

References

(1)

Additional Reading

(1)

2 Phase Relationships of Soils: Determining Unit Weight, and Calculating Voids Ratio, Porosity and Saturation

(14)

Background

(1)

Phase Relationships in Soils

(4)

Phase relationships based on mass

(1)

Water Content

(1)

Phase relationships based on volume

(1)

Voids Ratio

(1)

Porosity

(1)

Phase relationships combining mass and volume

(1)

Wet Density

(1)

Dry Density

(1)

Saturated Density

(1)

Buoyant Density

(1)

Determining Total Unit Weight on trimmed specimens

(6)

Standard

(1)

Equipment

(1)

Procedure

(1)

Calculations

(2)

Example

(1)

Example

(1)

Water Content

(1)

Wet (Total) Unit Weight

(1)

Dry Unit Weight

(1)

Discussion

(1)

Determining Total Unit Weight using the Eley Volumeter

(3)

3 Density (Unit Weight) of Solids (Specific Gravity)

(8)

Introduction

(1)

Standard

(1)

Equipment

(1)

Preparation

(1)

Calibration of Pycnometer

(1)

Procedure

(1)

Calculations

(1)

Example

(1)

Discussion

(2)

Unit Weight of water

(1)

Unit Weight of solids

(1)

Reference

(2)

4 Grain-Size Distribution

(18)

Background

(1)

Coarse Fraction -- Sieve Analysis

(5)

Introduction

(1)

Standard

(1)

Equipment

(1)

Procedure

(2)

Calculations

(1)

Example

(1)

Discussion

(1)

Fine Fraction -- Hydrometer Analysis

(4)

Introduction

(1)

Standard

(1)

Equipment

(1)

Procedure

(2)

Calculations

(1)

Example

(1)

Discussion

(1)

Fine Fraction -- Pipette Analysis

(6)

Introduction

(1)

Standard

(1)

Equipment

(1)

Procedure

(2)

Calculations

(1)

Example

(1)

Discussion

(2)

References

(1)

Additional Reading

(1)

5 Organic Content

(12)

Background

(2)

Organic Content by Loss-on-Ignition (LOI)

(3)

Introduction

(1)

Standard

(1)

Equipment

(1)

Procedure

(1)

Calculations

(1)

Example

(1)

Discussion

(1)

Organic Content by Hydrogen Peroxide

(3)

Introduction

(1)

Standard

(1)

Equipment

(1)

Procedure

(1)

Calculations

(1)

Example

(1)

Discussion

(1)

References

(1)

Additional Reading

(3)

6 Carbonate Content

(14)

Background

(1)

Carbonate Content by Rapid Carbonate Analyzer

(4)

Introduction

(1)

Standard

(1)

Equipment

(1)

Calibration of the Carbonate Analyzer

(2)

Procedure

(1)

Calculations

(1)

Example

(1)

Discussion

(1)

Carbonate Content by Chittick Apparatus

(6)

Introduction

(1)

Equipment

(1)

Setup

(1)

Reservoir fluid

(1)

Dilute hydrochloric acid

(2)

Procedure

(1)

Calculations

(1)

Example

(1)

Discussion

(2)

References

(1)

Additional Reading

(3)

7 Ph of Soils

(6)

Introduction

(1)

Standard

(1)

Equipment

(1)

Procedure

(1)

Calculations

(1)

Discussion

(1)

Reference

(1)

Additional Reading

(3)

8 Cation Exchange Capacity

(6)

Introduction

(1)

Standard

(1)

Equipment

(1)

Reagents

(1)

Procedure

(1)

Calculations

(1)

Discussion

(1)

References

(1)

Additional Reading

(1)

9 Specific Surface Area

(14)

Introduction

(1)

Standard

(1)

Preparation

(1)

Equipment

(1)

Procedure

(1)

Calculations

100

(1)

Example

101

(1)

Discussion

101

(5)

Kaolinite

104

(1)

Montmorillonite

105

(1)

References

106

(2)

Additional Reading

108

(3)

10 Methylene Blue Test

111

(6)

Introduction

111

(1)

Standard

111

(1)

Equipment

111

(1)

Preparation

112

(1)

Procedure

112

(1)

Calculations

113

(1)

Example

113

(1)

Discussion

114

(1)

References

114

(1)

Additional Reading

115

(2)

11 Pore Fluid Salinity

117

(14)

Introduction

117

(1)

Pore Fluid Salinity by Refractometer

118

(4)

Standard

118

(1)

Equipment

118

(2)

Preparation

120

(1)

Procedure

120

(1)

Part 1: Extracting pore fluid

120

(1)

Part 2: Measurement

120

(1)

Calculations

121

(1)

Discussion

122

(1)

Pore Fluid Salinity by Electrical Conductivity

122

(5)

Standard

124

(1)

Equipment

124

(1)

Preparation

124

(1)

Calibration of the cell

124

(1)

Extracting pore fluid using a soil press

124

(1)

Extracting pore fluid using a centrifuge

125

(1)

Procedure

125

(1)

Calculations

125

(1)

Discussion

126

(1)

References

127

(1)

Additional Reading

128

(3)

PART II Determination of Behavioral Characteristics

131

(174)

12 Consistency of Fine-Grained Soils: Atterberg Liquid and Plastic Limits

133

(32)

Background: The Atterberg Concept

133

(1)

Liquid Limit by Casagrande Drop Cup

134

(5)

Introduction

134

(1)

Standard

134

(1)

Equipment

135

(1)

Calibration of Casagrande Drop Cup

135

(1)

Procedure

136

(1)

Calculations

137

(1)

Example

137

(1)

Discussion

138

(1)

Liquid Limit by Fall Cone

139

(8)

Introduction

139

(2)

Standard

141

(1)

Equipment

141

(1)

Procedure

142

(1)

Calculations

142

(1)

Example

143

(1)

Discussion

144

(3)

Plastic Limit by Rolling Thread

147

(3)

Introduction

147

(1)

Standard

148

(1)

Equipment

148

(1)

Procedure

148

(2)

Calculations

150

(1)

Example

150

(1)

Discussion

150

(1)

Plastic Limit by Fall Cone

150

(3)

Introduction

150

(1)

Standard

151

(1)

Equipment

151

(1)

Procedure

151

(1)

Calculations

152

(1)

Example

152

(1)

Discussion

152

(1)

One-Point Liquid Limit tests

153

(1)

Discussion of using Atterberg Limits

154

(6)

Aterberg Limits and Unified Soil Classification

155

(3)

Activity

158

(1)

Plasticity Ratio

158

(1)

Discussion

159

(1)

References

160

(3)

Additional Reading

163

(2)

13 Shrinkage Limit

165

(16)

Background

165

(1)

Shrinkage Limit by Mercury Method

166

(5)

Standard

166

(1)

Equipment

167

(1)

Calibration of Shrinkage Limit Dish

167

(1)

Procedure

168

(2)

Calculations

170

(1)

Example

170

(1)

Discussion

171

(1)

Shrinkage Limit by Wax Method

171

(4)

Introduction

171

(1)

Standard

171

(1)

Equipment

172

(1)

Calibration of Shrinkage Limit Dish

172

(1)

Procedure

173

(1)

Calculations

174

(1)

Discussion

175

(1)

Shrinkage Limit by Direct Measurement Method

175

(3)

Introduction

175

(1)

Standard

175

(1)

Equipment

175

(1)

Procedure

176

(1)

Calculations

176

(1)

Example

177

(1)

Discussion

178

(1)

References

178

(1)

Additional Reading

179

(2)

14 Linear Shrinkage

181

(10)

Introduction

181

(1)

Standard

181

(1)

Equipment

182

(1)

Procedure

182

(2)

Calculations

184

(1)

Example

185

(1)

Discussion

185

(2)

Linear Shrinkage by Coefficient of Linear Extensibility (COLE)

187

(1)

References

188

(1)

Additional Reading

189

(2)

15 Shrink Test

191

(6)

Introduction

191

(1)

Standard

191

(1)

Equipment

192

(1)

Procedure

192

(2)

Calculations

194

(1)

Example

194

(2)

Discussion

196

(1)

References

196

(1)

Additional Reading

196

(1)

16 Free-Swell Index Tests

197

(12)

Background

197

(1)

Free-Swell Index (FSI)

198

(5)

Introduction

198

(1)

Standard

199

(1)

Equipment

199

(1)

Procedure

200

(1)

Calculations

200

(2)

Example

202

(1)

Discussion

202

(1)

Differential Free-Swell Index (DFSI) and Free-Swell Ratio (FSR)

203

(4)

Introduction

203

(1)

Standard

203

(1)

Equipment

203

(1)

Procedure

204

(1)

Calculations

204

(1)

Example

204

(1)

Discussion

205

(2)

References

207

(1)

Additional Reading

207

(2)

17 Dispersion

209

(12)

Background

209

(1)

Dispersion by Double Hydrometer Test

210

(2)

Introduction

210

(1)

Standard

210

(1)

Equipment

210

(1)

Procedure

210

(1)

Calculations

211

(1)

Example

212

(1)

Discussion

212

(1)

Dispersion by Pinhole Test

212

(6)

Introduction

212

(1)

Standard

213

(1)

Equipment

213

(1)

Procedure

214

(1)

Calculations

215

(1)

Example

215

(1)

Discussion

215

(3)

Dispersion by Crumb Test

218

(1)

Introduction

218

(1)

Standard

218

(1)

Equipment

218

(1)

Procedure

218

(1)

Calculations

219

(1)

Discussion

219

(1)

References

219

(1)

Additional Reading

220

(1)

18 Initial Consumption of Lime

221

(6)

Background

221

(1)

Introduction

222

(1)

Standard

222

(1)

Equipment

222

(1)

Procedure

222

(1)

Calculations

223

(1)

Example

223

(1)

Discussion

224

(1)

Reference

225

(1)

Additional Reading

225

(2)

19 Lime Fixation Point

227

(4)

Introduction

227

(1)

Standard

227

(1)

Equipment

227

(1)

Procedure

228

(1)

Calculations

228

(1)

Example

228

(1)

Discussion

229

(1)

References

230

(1)

Additional Reading

230

(1)

20 Hygroscopic Water Content

231

(6)

Introduction

231

(1)

Standard

231

(1)

Equipment

231

(1)

Preparation of Humidity Chamber

232

(1)

Procedure

232

(1)

Calculations

232

(1)

Example

233

(1)

Discussion

233

(2)

References

235

(1)

Additional Reading

236

(1)

21 Soil Suction Using Filter Paper

237

(8)

Introduction

237

(1)

Standard

237

(1)

Equipment

238

(1)

Filter Paper Calibration

238

(1)

Procedure

239

(1)

Calculations

240

(1)

Example

241

(1)

Discussion

241

(2)

References

243

(1)

Additional Reading

243

(2)

22 Thermal Conductivity

245

(10)

Introduction

245

(1)

Standard

246

(1)

Equipment

247

(1)

Calibration of Thermal Needle

247

(1)

Procedure

247

(1)

Calculations

248

(1)

Example

248

(1)

Discussion

249

(1)

References

250

(2)

Additional Reading

252

(3)

23 Electrical Resistivity

255

(16)

Introduction

255

(3)

Standard

258

(1)

Equipment

258

(1)

Calibration

258

(1)

Procedure -- Four Electrode Method

259

(1)

Calculations

260

(1)

Procedure -- Two Electrode Method

260

(1)

Calculations

260

(1)

Discussion

261

(5)

References

266

(2)

Additional Reading

268

(3)

24 Index Strength Tests and Sensitivity

271

(24)

Introduction

271

(1)

Pocket Penetrometer

271

(5)

Standard

272

(1)

Equipment

273

(1)

Procedure

273

(2)

Calculations

275

(1)

Pocket Hand Vane (Torvane)

276

(3)

Introduction

276

(1)

Standard

277

(1)

Equipment

277

(1)

Procedure

278

(1)

Calculations

279

(1)

Laboratory Vane

279

(5)

Introduction

279

(2)

Standard

281

(1)

Equipment

281

(1)

Procedure

282

(1)

Calculations

283

(1)

Fall Cone

284

(4)

Introduction

284

(1)

Standard

284

(1)

Equipment

284

(1)

Procedure

285

(2)

Calculations

287

(1)

Sensitivity

288

(4)

Sensitivity and Liquidity Index

288

(2)

Discussion

290

(2)

References

292

(2)

Additional Reading

294

(1)

25 Thixotropy

295

(10)

Introduction

295

(1)

Standard

296

(1)

Equipment

297

(1)

Procedure

297

(1)

Preparation of Test Specimens

297

(2)

Measurement of Undrained Shear Strength

299

(1)

Calculations

300

(1)

Discussion

300

(1)

References

301

(1)

Additional Reading

302

(3)

Index

305

Alan J. Lutenegger is Emeritus Professor of Civil and Environmental Engineering at the University of Massachusetts-Amherst, USA. He is a Registered Professional Engineer and a Fellow of the American Society of Civil Engineers. He is author of Soils and Geotechnology in Construction and of In Situ Testing Methods in Geotechnical Engineering, both published by CRC Press.

Permanent link: https://www.kriso.lv/db/9781003263289_pe.html

Keywords:

Soils - Laboratory manuals - Testing

E-grāmata: Laboratory Manual for Geotechnical Characterization of Fine-Grained Soils [Taylor & Francis e-book]

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