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E-grāmata: Language and Material Culture

(University of Mississippi)
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Language and Material CulturePalielināt
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This innovative and provocative work introduces complexity theory and its application to both the study of language and the study of material culture. The book begins with a wide-ranging theoretical background, covering the areas of dialect geography, the anthropological study of material culture, and a general introduction to the study of complex adaptive systems. Following this general introduction, the principles of complexity theory are demonstrated in data drawn from linguistics and material culture studies. Language and Material Culture further highlights the principles of complexity through a series of case studies, using data from the Linguistic Atlas, colonial American inventories and the Historic American Building Survey.LMC shows that language and material culture are intertwined as they interact within the same cultural complex system. The book is designed for students in courses that focus on language variation, American English and material culture, in addition to general courses on applications of complex systems.
List of figures
xi
List of tables
xiii
Acknowledgments xv
Preface xvii
Chapter 1 Introduction: Words for things
1(22)
1.1 Introduction
1(5)
1.1.1 The how
2(1)
1.1.2 The why
3(1)
1.1.3 The where
4(2)
1.2 Dialect geography
6(4)
1.2.1 Worter und Sachen
9(1)
1.3 The American Linguistic Atlas Project
10(3)
1.4 Maps as theory
13(3)
1.5 Mapping material culture
16(4)
1.6 Plan of the book
20(3)
Chapter 2 A dual history. In other words: What does this awl mean?
23(18)
2.1 Introduction
23(1)
2.2 A dual history
23(15)
2.2.1 Classification
24(2)
2.2.2 Structuralism
26(3)
2.2.3 Ethnography
29(1)
2.2.4 Processual archaeology
30(3)
2.2.5 Orderly heterogeneity
33(1)
2.2.6 The textual turn
34(2)
2.2.7 The discursive turn
36(2)
2.3 Conclusion
38(3)
Chapter 3 Complex adaptive systems
41(30)
3.1 Introduction
41(9)
3.1.1 Complexity in nature: The beehive
44(2)
3.1.2 Complexity in the human body: The brain
46(1)
3.1.3 Complexity in human behavior: Improvisational jazz
47(3)
3.2 Language as a complex adaptive system
50(5)
3.3 Complex distributions
55(5)
3.4 Complexity at work: Linguistic Atlas evidence
60(11)
3.4.1 Why so many sofa terms?
61(1)
3.4.2 Scalability
62(5)
3.4.3 Physical history and the A-curve
67(1)
3.4.4 A-curves throughout language data
68(2)
3.4.5 Conclusion
70(1)
Chapter 4 Material culture as a complex system
71(24)
4.1 Introduction
71(1)
4.2 Houses as complex systems
72(5)
4.3 Glassie's house grammar
77(5)
4.4 Kempton's ceramic prototypes
82(8)
4.5 Labov's category boundaries
90(3)
4.5.1 Prototypes and schemas
92(1)
4.6 Conclusion
93(2)
Chapter 5 Case study: Pantry
95(26)
5.1 Introduction
95(7)
5.1.1 Linguistic Atlas responses to the `pantry' question
95(4)
5.1.2 Pantry term etymologies
99(3)
5.2 The development of the American pantry
102(11)
5.3 Complex systems and the individual
113(8)
Chapter 6 Case study: Estate inventories
121(16)
6.1 Introduction
121(2)
6.2 Inventory corpora
123(14)
6.2.1 Room designations
126(3)
6.2.2 Cupboards
129(8)
Chapter 7 Case study: Historic American building survey
137(18)
7.1 Introduction
137(8)
7.1.1 Items included in a HABS file
138(3)
7.1.2 HABS room designations
141(4)
7.2 HABS commentary
145(1)
7.3 HABS files as emergent texts
146(8)
7.3.1 The George Jacobs House
148(5)
7.3.2 Emergent meaning
153(1)
7.4 Final note on HABS
154(1)
Chapter 8 Conclusion: On artifacts
155(6)
8.1 Observational artifacts
155(1)
8.2 All the variation
156(1)
8.3 Schemas
157(1)
8.4 Local practice
158(1)
8.5 Question boundaries
159(1)
8.6 Conclusion
160(1)
APPENDICES
161(22)
Appendix A Complete data sets from
Chapter 1
LAMSAS responses for `andirons'
161(1)
Scattered distribution of dogs responses
162(1)
Scattered distribution of firedogs responses
162(1)
Appendix B Complete data sets from
Chapter 3
The top 50 words that start with <k> from Shakespeare's writing
163(1)
Shakespeare's A-curve
164(1)
LAMSAS responses to the `sofa' question
164(2)
Responses from picture-elicitation survey
166(1)
`Dresser' image from picture-elicitation survey
166(1)
`Chest on chest' image from picture-elicitation survey
167(1)
`Wardrobe' image from picture-elicitation survey
168(1)
`Dresser with mirror' image from picture-elicitation survey
169(1)
LAMSAS responses to prompt for `I don't care for any'
170(2)
Appendix C Complete data set from
Chapter 4
Complete list of names given for ceramic vessels
172(1)
A-curve for ceramic vessel names
173(1)
Appendix D Complete data sets from
Chapter 5
Complete list of LAMSAS responses to `pantry' question
174(1)
LAMSAS `pantry' A-curve
175(1)
Appendix E Complete data sets from
Chapter 6
Colonial Massachusetts inventory corpora
176(1)
Plymouth inventories
176(1)
Suffolk County inventories
177(1)
Complete list of Mid-Essex room designations 1635--1749
177(2)
Appendix F Complete data sets from
Chapter 7
List of HABS houses used
179(1)
Complete list of HABS first-floor room names
180(2)
HABS first-floor rooms A-curve
182(1)
References 183(8)
Index 191
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