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List of figures and tables |
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xi | |
General Editors' preface |
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xiii | |
Acknowledgements |
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xv | |
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Part I Laying the Groundwork: Definitions, Theories, and Concepts |
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1 What is language policy? |
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3 | (23) |
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4 | (5) |
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9 | (3) |
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1.3 Example language policies |
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12 | (12) |
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1.3.1 A brief history of English language policies |
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12 | (4) |
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1.3.2 Indigenous languages and policy |
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16 | (4) |
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1.3.3 Oil production and language policy in Equatorial Guinea |
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20 | (4) |
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24 | (2) |
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2 Theories, concepts, and frameworks: An historical overview |
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26 | (33) |
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2.1 The origin and development of early language planning scholarship |
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27 | (3) |
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2.2 Expanding frameworks and conceptualizations in the 1970's and 80's |
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30 | (9) |
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2.2.1 Dell Hymes' sociolinguistics |
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30 | (2) |
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2.2.2 Critical (socio)linguistics |
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32 | (1) |
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2.2.3 Expanding frameworks in language planning and policy |
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33 | (6) |
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2.3 Critical language policy (CLP) |
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39 | (4) |
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2.4 Ethnography of language policy |
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43 | (4) |
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2.5 Reversing language shift and linguistic imperialism |
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47 | (4) |
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2.5.1 Reversing language shift |
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47 | (2) |
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2.5.2 Linguistic imperialism |
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49 | (2) |
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51 | (1) |
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2.7 Educational language policy |
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52 | (3) |
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55 | (4) |
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59 | (36) |
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60 | (4) |
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64 | (5) |
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69 | (6) |
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75 | (5) |
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80 | (2) |
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82 | (3) |
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85 | (3) |
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3.8 Shannon Fitzsimmons-Doolan |
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88 | (3) |
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91 | (4) |
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95 | (26) |
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4.1 Appropriation vs. implementation |
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96 | (5) |
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4.1.1 Finding #1: Language policy agents have power |
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98 | (2) |
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4.1.2 Finding #2: Language policy power is differentially allocated among arbiters and implementers |
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100 | (1) |
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4.2 Language policies as instruments of power |
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101 | (2) |
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4.2.1 Finding #3: Governing bodies use language policies for control |
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102 | (1) |
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4.3 Language policies as instruments of empowerment |
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103 | (2) |
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4.3.1 Finding #4: National multilingual language policies can and do open spaces for multilingual education and minority languages |
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103 | (2) |
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4.3.2 Finding #5: Local multilingual language policies can and do open spaces for multilingual education and minority languages |
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105 | (1) |
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4.4 The multiple layers of policy text, discourse and practice |
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105 | (6) |
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4.4.1 Finding #6: Top-down and bottom-up are relative |
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108 | (1) |
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4.4.2 Finding #7: Macro multilingual language policies are not necessarily enough |
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108 | (1) |
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4.4.3 Finding #8: Local multilingual language policies are not necessarily enough either |
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109 | (1) |
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4.4.4 Finding #9: Meso-level language policies matter |
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110 | (1) |
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4.5 The nature of language policy text and discourse |
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111 | (6) |
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4.5.1 Finding #10: National language policies are not necessarily ideologically consistent |
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111 | (2) |
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4.5.2 Finding #11: Policy intentions are especially difficult to ascertain |
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113 | (4) |
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4.5.3 Finding #12: Language policy language constitutes its own genre |
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117 | (1) |
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117 | (4) |
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Part III Researching Language Policy |
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5 Research approaches and methods |
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121 | (49) |
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5.1 Early language planning work |
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121 | (3) |
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5.2 Historical-textual analysis |
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124 | (4) |
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5.3 Political theory and the law |
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128 | (12) |
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5.3.1 Judicial decisions and the courts |
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129 | (3) |
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5.3.2 Language policy and political identity |
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132 | (1) |
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5.3.3 National identity, citizenship, and language |
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133 | (4) |
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5.3.4 Constitutional and statutory interpretation |
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137 | (3) |
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5.4 Media discourse and LPP |
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140 | (4) |
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5.5 Ethnography of language policy |
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144 | (8) |
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5.5.1 Definitions, benefits, and challenges |
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144 | (5) |
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149 | (3) |
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152 | (16) |
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5.6.1 Critical discourse analysis |
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154 | (4) |
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5.6.2 Intertextuality, interdiscursivity, and recontextualization |
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158 | (6) |
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164 | (2) |
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5.6.4 Linguistic anthropology and speech chains |
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166 | (2) |
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168 | (2) |
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6 Educational language policy engagement and action research (ELPEAR) |
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170 | (45) |
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170 | (4) |
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6.2 Language policy action research |
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174 | (6) |
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6.2.1 The language policy action research cycle |
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175 | (3) |
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6.2.2 Features of language policy action research |
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178 | (2) |
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180 | (8) |
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6.3.1 Neville Alexander and Praesa |
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180 | (4) |
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184 | (2) |
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6.3.3 Richard Hill and Stephen May |
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186 | (2) |
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6.4 David Corson's model for critical policymaking in schools |
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188 | (2) |
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6.5 Language policy engagement: Creation |
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190 | (20) |
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6.5.1 Macro-level language policy creation |
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192 | (2) |
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6.5.1.1 Engaging politicians |
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194 | (1) |
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6.5.1.2 Grassroots organization and political activism |
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195 | (2) |
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197 | (1) |
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6.5.1.4 Engaging the media |
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198 | (8) |
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6.5.2 Micro-level language policy creation |
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206 | (4) |
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6.6 Language policy engagement: Interpretation |
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210 | (2) |
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6.7 Language policy engagement: Appropriation |
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212 | (1) |
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213 | (2) |
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7 Research direction(s) and model projects |
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215 | (48) |
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216 | (4) |
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7.2 Access and positionality |
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220 | (4) |
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7.3 Research questions and organizing data collection |
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224 | (15) |
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224 | (8) |
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232 | (4) |
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236 | (3) |
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7.4 Data collection and analysis |
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239 | (14) |
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253 | (6) |
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259 | (4) |
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263 | (8) |
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263 | (2) |
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265 | (2) |
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8.3 Professional organizations and conferences |
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267 | (1) |
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8.4 Organizations and projects concerning language policy and education |
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267 | (1) |
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8.5 Example language policies |
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268 | (1) |
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8.6 Electronic mailing lists which feature LPP information |
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269 | (1) |
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269 | (2) |
References |
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271 | (19) |
Index |
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290 | |