Symbols and abbreviations |
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ix | |
Introduction |
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xi | |
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1 Overview of the present state and the development of copper vapour lasers and copper vapour laser systems |
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1 | (40) |
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1.1 Discovery and first investigations and design of copper vapour lasers |
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1 | (2) |
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1.2 The condition and development of CVL in Russia |
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3 | (15) |
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1.3 The condition and development of CVL and CVLS in foreign countries |
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18 | (8) |
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1.4 The current state and development of the CVL and CVLS in the Istok company |
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26 | (10) |
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1.5 Conclusions and results for chapter 1 |
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36 | (5) |
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2 Possibilities of pulsed copper vapour lasers and copper vapour laser systems for microprocessing of materials |
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41 | (28) |
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2.1 The current state of the modern laser processing equipment for the processing of materials and the place in it of pulsed copper vapour lasers |
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41 | (2) |
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2.2 Analysis of the capabilities of pulsed CVL for microprocessing of metallic and non-metallic materials |
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43 | (8) |
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2.3 Equipment MP200X of Oxford Laser for microprocessing |
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51 | (3) |
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2.4 The main results of the first domestic studies on microprocessing at the Kareliya CVLS and installations EM-5029 |
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54 | (1) |
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2.5 The first domestic experimental laser installation (ELI) Karavella |
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55 | (11) |
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2.6 Conclusions and results for Chapter 2 |
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66 | (3) |
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3 A new generation of highly efficient and long-term industrial sealed-off active elements of pulsed copper vapour lasers of the Kulon series with a radiation power of 1--20 W and Kristall series with a power of 30--100 W |
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69 | (97) |
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3.1 Analysis of the first designs of self-heating AE pulsed CVLs and the reasons for their low durability and efficiency |
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70 | (3) |
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3.2 Investigation of ways to increase the efficiency, power and stability of the output radiation parameters of CVL |
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73 | (3) |
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3.3 Choice of directions for the development of a new generation of industrial sealed-off self-heating AE of the CVLs |
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76 | (2) |
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3.4 Appearance and weight and dimensions of industrial sealed-off AEs of the pulsed CVL of the Kulon and Kristall series |
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78 | (2) |
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3.5 Construction, manufacturing and training technology, basic parameters and characteristics of industrial sealed-off AEs of the Kulon and Kristall CVL series |
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80 | (81) |
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3.6 Conclusions and results for chapter 3 |
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161 | (5) |
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4 Highly selective optical systems for the formation of single-beam radiation of diffraction quality with stable parameters in copper vapour lasers and copper vapour laser systems |
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166 | (77) |
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4.1 Distinctive properties and features of the formation of radiation in a pulsed CVL |
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167 | (2) |
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4.2 Experimental settings and research methods |
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169 | (5) |
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4.3 Structure and characteristics of radiation of CVL in single-mirror mode. Conditions for the formation of single-beam radiation with high quality |
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174 | (13) |
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4.4 Structure and characteristics of the laser radiation in the regime with an unstable resonator with two convex mirrors |
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187 | (1) |
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Conditions for the formation of single-beam radiation with diffraction divergence and stable parameters |
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187 | (9) |
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4.5 Structure and characteristics of the radiation of CVL in the regime with telescopic UR. Conditions for the formation and separation of a radiation beam with diffraction divergence |
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196 | (8) |
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4.6 Investigation of the conditions for the formation of a powerful single-beam radiation with a diffraction divergence in a CVLS of the MO-PA type |
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204 | (27) |
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4.7 Investigation of the properties of the active medium of a pulsed CVL using CVLS |
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231 | (4) |
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4.8 Conclusions and results for chapter 4 |
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235 | (8) |
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5 Industrial copper vapour lasers and copper vapour laser systems based on the new generation of sealed-off active elements and new optical systems |
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243 | (56) |
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5.1 The first generation of industrial CVLs |
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243 | (12) |
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5.2 A new generation of industrial CVLs of the Kulon series |
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255 | (19) |
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5.3 Two-channel Karelia CVLS with high quality of radiation |
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274 | (15) |
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5.4 Two-channel lamp-pumped laser CVLS Kulon-15 |
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289 | (3) |
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5.5 Three-channel CVLS Karelia-M |
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292 | (1) |
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293 | (3) |
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5.7 Conclusions and results for chapter 5 |
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296 | (3) |
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6 Modern automated laser technological installation Karavella (ALTI) |
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299 | (43) |
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6.1 Requirements for pulsed CVL and CVLS in modern technological equipment |
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299 | (1) |
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6.2 Industrial ALTI Karavella-1 and Karavella-1M on the basis of two-channel CVLS |
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300 | (26) |
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6.2.1 Composition, construction and principle of operation |
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304 | (14) |
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6.2.2 Principle of construction and structure of the motion and control system |
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318 | (5) |
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6.2.3 Main technical parameters and characteristics |
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323 | (3) |
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6.3 Industrial ALTIs Karavella-2 and Karavella-2M on the basis of single-channel CVL |
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326 | (13) |
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6.3.1 Basics of creating industrial ALTIs Karavella-2 and Karavella-2M |
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326 | (4) |
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6.3.2 Composition, design and operation principle of ALTI |
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330 | (5) |
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6.3.3 Main technical parameters and characteristics |
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335 | (4) |
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6.4 Conclusions and results for Chapter 6 |
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339 | (3) |
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7 Laser technologies of precision microprocessing of foil and thin sheet materials for components for electronic devices |
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342 | (31) |
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7.1 The threshold densities of the peak and average radiation power of CVL for evaporation of heat-conducting and refractory materials, silicon and polycrystalline diamond |
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343 | (4) |
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7.2 Effect of the thickness of the material on the speed and quality of the laser treatment |
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347 | (3) |
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7.3 Development of the technology of chemical cleaning of metal parts from slag after laser micromachining |
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350 | (5) |
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7.4 Investigation of the surface quality of laser cutting and the structure of the heat-affected zone |
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355 | (8) |
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7.5 Development of microprocessing technology in the production of LTCC multi-layer ceramic boards for microwave electronics products |
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363 | (8) |
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7.6 Conclusions and results for Chapter 7 |
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371 | (2) |
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8 Using industrial automatic laser technological installations Karavella-1, Karavella-IM, Karavella-2 and Karavella-2M for the fabrication of precision parts for electronic devices |
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373 | (24) |
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8.1 The possibilities of application of ALTI Karavella for the manufacture of precision parts |
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373 | (5) |
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8.2 Examples of the manufacture of precision parts for electronic components at ALTI Karavella |
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378 | (11) |
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8.3 Advantages of the laser microprocessing of materials on ALTI Karavella in comparison with traditional processing methods |
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389 | (1) |
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8.4 Perspective directions of application of ALTI Karavella |
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390 | (5) |
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8.5 Conclusions and results for Chapter 8 |
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395 | (2) |
Conclusion |
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397 | (4) |
References |
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401 | (15) |
Index |
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416 | |