Preface |
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v | |
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xiii | |
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lxiii | |
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Table of Statutory Instruments |
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lxxiii | |
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Table of European, International and Foreign Legislation |
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lxxv | |
Abbreviations |
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lxxvii | |
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PART I: UNDERSTANDING EVIDENCE: THE FOUNDATIONS OF THE LAW |
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An Introduction to the Law of Evidence |
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3 | (25) |
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Evidence, Inference and Proof |
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3 | (2) |
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5 | (9) |
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The Character of the Law of Evidence |
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14 | (6) |
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The Development of the Law of Evidence |
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20 | (8) |
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The Aims of the Law of Evidence |
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28 | (31) |
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Introduction: Evidence, Legal Process and Adjudication |
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28 | (1) |
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The Rationalist Model of Adjudication |
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29 | (7) |
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Individual Rights and the Law of Evidence |
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36 | (5) |
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The Human Rights Act 1998 |
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41 | (8) |
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Legitimacy of Adjudication |
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49 | (10) |
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Relevance and Admissibility |
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59 | (48) |
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59 | (1) |
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60 | (24) |
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84 | (2) |
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86 | (21) |
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107 | (38) |
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107 | (2) |
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Questions of Fact and Questions of Law |
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109 | (5) |
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Legal Controls on Factfinding |
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114 | (2) |
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Fact-Scepticism and the Construction of Knowledge |
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116 | (6) |
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122 | (23) |
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PART II: OBTAINING EVIDENCE: PRE-TRIAL PROCEDURES AND THE REGULATION OF ACCESS |
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145 | (290) |
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The Privilege Against Self-Incrimination and the Right to Silence |
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147 | (60) |
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147 | (3) |
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The Relationship of the Privilege against Self-Incrimination and the Right to Silence |
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150 | (3) |
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The Privilege against Self-Incrimination |
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153 | (12) |
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165 | (28) |
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Theories of Underlying Purposes and Values |
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193 | (14) |
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207 | (45) |
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207 | (6) |
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Section 76: The Rules of Admissibility |
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213 | (22) |
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Discretionary Exclusion of Confession Evidence |
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235 | (9) |
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Other Issues Relating to Confessions |
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244 | (8) |
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252 | (41) |
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252 | (2) |
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The Problems of Eyewitness Evidence of Identity |
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254 | (6) |
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Obtaining Eyewitness Evidence of Identity: The Legal Response |
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260 | (14) |
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Problems of Adducing Identification Evidence at Trial |
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274 | (7) |
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The Evaluation of Eyewitness Evidence of Identification |
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281 | (9) |
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Scientific and Other Expert Evidence |
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290 | (3) |
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Evidence Obtained by Illegal or Unfair Means |
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293 | (45) |
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293 | (3) |
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The Common Law Relating to Illegally or Unfairly Obtained Evidence |
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296 | (12) |
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The Statutory Discretions to Exclude Evidence |
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308 | (1) |
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The Application of Section 78 |
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309 | (24) |
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Abuse of Process and Exclusionary Discretion |
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333 | (5) |
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338 | (54) |
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338 | (3) |
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Disclosure in Civil Cases |
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341 | (2) |
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Disclosure in Criminal Cases |
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343 | (17) |
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Public Interest Immunity in Civil Proceedings |
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360 | (21) |
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Public Interest Immunity in Criminal Proceedings |
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381 | (9) |
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Privilege: Negotiations for Settlement and Conciliation |
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390 | (2) |
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Legal Professional Privilege |
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392 | (43) |
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392 | (2) |
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The Lawyer-Client (Legal Advice) Privilege |
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394 | (30) |
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424 | (11) |
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PART III: ADDUCING EVIDENCE: TRIAL PROCEDURES AND THE PRINCIPLES OF PROOF |
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435 | (222) |
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Burden and Standard of Proof |
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437 | (52) |
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437 | (1) |
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The Concepts of Burden and Standard of Proof |
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438 | (5) |
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Allocation of Burdens in Criminal Cases |
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443 | (34) |
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Allocations of Burdens in Civil Cases |
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477 | (2) |
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Standard of Proof in Criminal Cases |
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479 | (3) |
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Standard of Proof in Civil Cases |
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482 | (5) |
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Burden and Standard of Proof of Foundation Facts for Admissibility of Evidence |
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487 | (2) |
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Forms of Proof and Alternatives to Proof |
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489 | (32) |
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489 | (1) |
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490 | (2) |
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492 | (8) |
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500 | (7) |
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507 | (1) |
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508 | (5) |
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513 | (8) |
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521 | (30) |
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521 | (1) |
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The Power to Call Witnesses |
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522 | (3) |
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The Accused as a Witness for the Defence |
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525 | (13) |
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The Accused as a Witness for the Prosecution |
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538 | (1) |
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The Spouse of the Accused |
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539 | (3) |
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542 | (7) |
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Persons under Mental Disability |
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549 | (1) |
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550 | (1) |
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551 | (51) |
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551 | (3) |
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554 | (26) |
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580 | (21) |
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601 | (1) |
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Vulnerable and Suspect Witnesses |
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602 | (55) |
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602 | (2) |
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604 | (36) |
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640 | (17) |
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PART IV: USING EVIDENCE: THE SCOPE AND LIMITS OF EXCLUSIONARY RULES |
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657 | (224) |
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Hearsay at Common Law and in Civil Proceedings |
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659 | (35) |
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659 | (3) |
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Statement and Rationale of the Hearsay Rule at Common Law |
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662 | (15) |
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Application of the Common Law Rule: Hearsay and Original Evidence |
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677 | (6) |
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Application of the Common Law Rule: Implied Assertions |
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683 | (6) |
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Statutory Reform---Civil Cases |
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689 | (5) |
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The Modern Law of Hearsay in Criminal Cases |
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694 | (55) |
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694 | (4) |
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The Scheme of the Act and the Exclusionary Rule |
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698 | (7) |
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Statutory Exceptions: Section 116---Witness Unavailability |
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705 | (11) |
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Statutory Exceptions: Section 117---Business Documents |
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716 | (5) |
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Statutory Exceptions: Sections 119 and 120---Previous Statements of Witnesses |
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721 | (1) |
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The Preserved Common Law Exceptions: Section 118 |
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722 | (23) |
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Statutory Exceptions: Sections 114(1)(d) and 121(1)(c)---Interests of Justice |
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745 | (2) |
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747 | (2) |
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Character and Credibility: An Overview |
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749 | (36) |
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749 | (3) |
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752 | (7) |
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Character and Credibility: The Psychology of the Common Law and the Criminal Evidence Act 1898 |
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759 | (6) |
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The Common Law: Evidence of Character in Civil Cases |
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765 | (3) |
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The Common Law: Good Character of the Accused in Criminal Cases |
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768 | (2) |
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Bad Character of the Accused in Criminal Cases: The Background to the Criminal Justice Act 2003 |
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770 | (15) |
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Evidence of Bad Character in Criminal Cases |
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785 | (61) |
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786 | (1) |
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Structure and Scope of the Act |
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787 | (7) |
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General Principles of Interpretation of the New Scheme |
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794 | (4) |
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798 | (42) |
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Cogency and Contamination |
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840 | (6) |
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Opinion and Expert Evidence |
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846 | (35) |
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846 | (1) |
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847 | (3) |
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850 | (21) |
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Judgments and Verdicts in other Proceedings |
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871 | (10) |
Index |
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881 | |