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Looking Through Images: A Phenomenology of Visual Media [Hardback]

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Translated by , Foreword by (University of Michigan), Afterword by ,
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Looking Through Images: A Phenomenology of Visual MediaPalielināt
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Permanent link: https://www.kriso.lv/db/9780231187923.html
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Images have always stirred ambivalent reactions. Yet whether eliciting fascinated gazes or iconoclastic repulsion from their beholders, they have hardly ever been seen as true sources of knowledge. They were long viewed as mere appearances, placeholders for the things themselves or deceptive illusions. Today, the traditional critique of the spectacle has given way to an unconditional embrace of the visual. However, we still lack a persuasive theoretical account of how images work.

Emmanuel Alloa retraces the history of Western attitudes toward the visual to propose a major rethinking of images as irreplaceable agents of our everyday engagement with the world. He examines how ideas of images and their powers have been constructed in Western humanities, art theory, and philosophy, developing a novel genealogy of both visual studies and the concept of the medium. Alloa reconstructs the earliest Western media theory—Aristotle’s concept of the diaphanous milieu of vision—and the significance of its subsequent erasure in the history of science. Ultimately, he argues for a historically informed phenomenology of images and visual media that explains why images are not simply referential depictions, windows onto the world. Instead, images constantly reactivate the power of appearing. As media of visualization, they allow things to appear that could not be visible except in and through these very material devices.

Emmanuel Alloa retraces the history of Western attitudes toward the visual to propose a major rethinking of images as irreplaceable agents of our everyday engagement with the world. He examines how ideas of images and their powers have been constructed in Western humanities, art theory, and philosophy.

Recenzijas

In this innovative, rich, and powerful book, Emmanuel Alloa brilliantly shows why images dont represent the real, but let the real come into being. -- Jean-Luc Nancy, University of Strasbourg Alloas tour de force provides an incredibly erudite and insightful perspective on the phenomenology of images. A must-read for anyone wishing to analyze the visual imperatives of the world, for which we have lacked the appropriate tools. -- Chiara Bottici, author of Imaginal Politics: Images Beyond Imagination and the Imaginary Emmanuel Alloas Looking Through Images is a real tour de force. A masterful study of images, media, and visual experience, it provides an ABC of philosophical struggles with these concepts, from Aristotle to Berkeley to Descartes, Husserl, Sartre, and beyond. What is an image? What is a medium? How do we know what we see, and see what we know? This book is a feast of learning that ranges across disciplines with admirable precision. -- W. J. T. Mitchell, author of What Do Pictures Want? Essays on the Lives and Loves of Images A real gift to the field of visual studies -- James Elkins, The Art Institute of Chicago In a lucid reinterpretation of the European tradition, Emmanuel Alloa shows that images are not the seduction or distraction of philosophy but one of its most robust and enduring problems. Here Geistesgeschichte shows itself the royal road to understanding media -- John Durham Peters, Yale University An exceptionally ambitious book that attempts nothing less than rethinking the fundamental questions of image theory a must-read for anyone with a stake in the theory of image, media and imagination. * Radical Philosophy * Unfailingly acute and deeply informed a remarkable book. * Continental Philosophy Review * an impressive, enriching, and immensely likeable work. * Journal of Aesthetics and Phenomenology * Alloas writings appear as a majestic scholastic body of work [ ] Looking Through Images is the ideal introduction to his work and a fundamental piece of literature in media theory. * Visual Studies * The book is valuable for dismantling the history and therein the biases of categories we are most familiar with in thinking of images. * Estetika Journal *

Preface to the English Edition xiii
Introduction 1(12)
Part 1 Between Thing and Sign: The Hubris of the Image 13(40)
1 The Atopic Character of Images
13(6)
2 Mimesis and Methexis: Descending and Ascending Ontological Dependence
19(1)
3 Between Oneness and Twoness
20
4 Motus Duplex: The Two Paradigmatic Ways of Looking at Images
15(12)
5 Referring to Something Absent
27(3)
6 An Anthropological Interest in Images as Images
30(1)
7 What It Is and How It Appears
31(3)
8 The Sophist: The Image in Perspective
34(8)
9 Protagoras's Provocation of Philosophy
42(3)
10 Saving the Appearances
45(8)
Part 2 Aristotle's Foundation of a Media Theory of Appearing 53(52)
1 Appearance and Judgment: Aristotle's Protophenomenology
53(6)
2 Specular Beings: Images as Mirrors of the World
59(5)
3 Antipodes of Seeing
64(5)
a Atomistic Decals
66(1)
b Empedocles's Lantern
67(2)
4 A Way out of the Aporia: Seeing as Alteration
69(2)
5 What Lies in Between: Aristotle and Democritus on the Void
71(5)
6 A Media Theory of Appearances
76(9)
a This Nameless Something: The Invention of the Diaphanous
76(4)
b Point Continuum and Space Continuum
80(2)
c Meson Kritikon
82(3)
7 Aisthesis: From Potential to Actual Perception and Back
85(8)
8 Seeing in the Dark: The Power of Not Actualizing a Power
93(5)
9 Phantasia: The Force of Visualization
98(3)
10 Does Aristotle Have an Image Theory at All?
101(4)
Part 3 Forgetting Media: Traces of the Diaphanous from Themistius to Berkeley 105(54)
1 The Sense of Touch, or The Limits of Media Theory
106(11)
a In Itself-Through Another
108(3)
b The Mediality of the Sense of Touch
111(3)
c Forgetting Media as Anesthesia
114(3)
2 Transparency and Opacity, or The Progressive Polarization of the Diaphanous
117(1)
3 Climbing the Ladder: The Transparency Scenario
118(9)
a Themistius: The Elevation of the Diaphanous
118(1)
b Plotinus: Medium vs. Sympatheia
119(1)
c Dum Medium Silentium: Reinterpreting Presence
120(2)
d A Speculative Metaphysics of Light
122(1)
e Aquinas: The Closure of the Diaphanous
123(4)
4 When Blind Men See: The Opacity Scenario
127(5)
a Stoa: Condensations of Pneuma
127
b The Stick Metaphor in the Commentaries on Aristotle
117(11)
c Galen and Ocular Anatomy
128
d Alhazen: The Segmentation of the Visible
119(11)
e Descartes: Seeing with Sticks
130(1)
f Extensions of the Soul
131(1)
5 The Computability of the Image: Brunelleschi's Experiment
132(4)
6 Unveilings (Alberti)
136(3)
7 The Pictorialization of Vision (Kepler)
139(2)
8 The Literacy of the Eye (Descartes)
141(3)
9 The Diaphanous as Partition (Berkeley)
144(3)
10 What Is a Transparency Theory, What an Opacity Theory of the Image?
147(12)
a Transparency Theory of the Image
149(2)
b Opacity Theory of the Image
151(4)
c The Transparency-Opacity Paradigm
155(4)
Part 4 A Phenomenology of Images 159(50)
1 Phenomenal Things (Husserl)
159(9)
a Expansion of the Intuition Zone
160(1)
b To the Things Themselves
161(2)
c Act
163(2)
d Adumbration
165(2)
e Aesthetic Consciousness
167(1)
2 From Aristotle to Phenomenology: Franz Brentano's Reconceptualization of Intentionality
168(5)
3 From Binary to Triad: The Encounter with Images
173(4)
4 Images as Pure Absences (Sartre)
177(3)
5 Presentation as Self-Reduplication (Husserl)
180(6)
6 Thresholds: On the Margins of Images
186(5)
a Carriers
186(2)
b Frames
188(2)
c Windows
190(1)
7 From Pictorial Medium to Genetic Phenomenology
191(1)
8 The Relucence of the Medium (Fink)
192(6)
9 Mediality as Deferral of Presence (Derrida)
198(3)
10 The Ontological Milieu of Visibility (Merleau-Ponty)
201(8)
Part 5 Media Phenomenology 209(84)
1 Theory of Blind Spots, Blind Spots of Theory
209(3)
2 From Lateral to Medial Phenomenology
212(9)
3 Appearing Is Appearing-Through: Eidetic, Transcendental, and Medial Aspects
221(3)
4 Elementary Visuality
224
5 Transparency and Interference
128(105)
6 The Exemplarity of the Image: Against Pure Visibility
233(5)
7 Minima Visibilia: Symptomatology, or The Outline of a New Approach in Image Theory
238(37)
a Ellipsis
242(3)
b Synopticity
245(3)
c Framing
248(3)
d Presentativity
251(2)
e Figurality
253(2)
f Deixis
255(4)
g Ostensivity (Exemplification, Ostension, Bareness)
259(6)
h Variation Sensitivity
265(3)
i A Chiasm of Gazes
268(2)
j Seeing-with (Seeing-as, Seeing-in, Seeing-with)
270(5)
8 Anachronism (Time-Image 1)
275(2)
9 Image Potential, Image Act (Time-Image 2)
277(6)
10 When the Medium Shines Through
283(10)
Conclusion: Seeing Through Images-for an Alternative Theory of Media 293(4)
Afterword: Seeing Not Riddling 297(6)
Andrew Benjamin
Notes 303(52)
Bibliography 355(22)
Index 377
Emmanuel Alloa is professor of philosophy at the University of Fribourg, where he holds the Chair for Aesthetics and Philosophy of Art. His books in English include Resistance of the Sensible World: An Introduction to Merleau-Ponty (2017), as well as a number of coedited volumes, including, most recently, Dynamis of the Image: Moving Images in a Global World (2020). He currently serves as president of the German Society of Aesthetics.

Nils F. Schott is a lecturer in the Euro-American Program of the Collčge universitaire de Sciences Po, Reims, and coeditor of, among other books, Love and Forgiveness for a More Just World (Columbia, 2015).

Andrew Benjamin is distinguished professor of architectural theory at the University of Technology, Sydney, and emeritus professor of philosophy at Monash University Melbourne. His recent books include Arts Philosophical Work (2015), Towards a Relational Ontology: Philosophys Other Possibility (2015), and Virtue in Being: Towards an Ethics of the Unconditioned (2017).