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E-grāmata: Low-Temperature Behaviour of Elastomers

  • Formāts: 188 pages
  • Sērija : New Concepts in Polymer Science 31
  • Izdošanas datums: 01-Nov-2007
  • Izdevniecība: VSP International Science Publishers
  • Valoda: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9789047422426
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  • Formāts: 188 pages
  • Sērija : New Concepts in Polymer Science 31
  • Izdošanas datums: 01-Nov-2007
  • Izdevniecība: VSP International Science Publishers
  • Valoda: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9789047422426
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Results of the studies of two leading Russian researchers in the field as well as of other Russian and foreign specialists are presented in this book. The nature and development of two physical processes glass transition and crystallization determinig low-temperature behaviour of elastomers are under consideration in connection with the structure and composition of elastomeric materials. The effects of deformation, pressure and temperature on these processes are viewed. The contribution of different factors in frost-resistance of elastomeric materials and articles is discussed as well. Specific features of low-temperature behaviour of all existent rubbers are systemized. Furthermore, the possibilities of increasing the frost-resistance of different types of elastomeric materials and articles by means of optimization of composition and design are considered.
Foreword 1(2)
Introduction 3(8)
Glass transition of elastomers
11(32)
Methods of glass-transition temperature determination
11(7)
Structural and other physical methods
11(4)
Mechanical methods
15(2)
Comparison of the data obtained by different methods
17(1)
Modern views of glass transition
18(10)
Kinetic views of glass transition
18(7)
Thermodynamic views of glass transition
25(1)
Morphological views of glass transition
26(2)
Effect of the molecular parameters of rubbers and the composition of rubber compounds on glass-transition temperature
28(13)
Effect of molecular mass
28(2)
Effect of the structure of macromolecules
30(2)
Effect of intermolecular interaction
32(1)
Glass transition of copolymers
33(1)
Effect of the composition of rubbers
34(7)
Effect of a mechanical action on glass-transition temperature
41(2)
Mechanical properties of elastomers near the glass transition temperature
43(16)
Mechanical properties in the region of transition from the rubberlike to the glassy state
43(12)
Static mechanical properties
43(5)
Dynamic mechanical properties
48(4)
Prediction of the mechanical properties of elastomers in the transition region from the glassy to the rubberlike state
52(3)
Mechanical properties at temperatures below glass-transition temperature
55(4)
Crystallization of elastomers at low temperatures
59(38)
Methods of crystallization studies
60(3)
Structural and other physical methods
60(3)
Mechanical methods
63(1)
Modern views of crystallization
63
Morphology of crystals in elastomers
64(1)
Kinetics of isothermal crystallization
65(3)
Temperature range of crystallization
68(5)
Kinetics of nonisothermal crystallization
73(1)
Melting
74
Effect of mechanical action and oilier factors on crystallization
19(63)
Effect of the molecular parameters of rubbers and the composition of rubber compounds on crystallization
82(9)
Microcrystallization
91(3)
Prediction of the crystallization rate
94(3)
Stress-induced crystallization of elastomers
97(18)
Kinetics of stress-induced crystallization
97(3)
Morphology in stress-induced crystallization
100(4)
Melting of oriented elastomers
104(4)
Effect of the molecular parameters of rubbers and the composition of rubber compounds on stress-induced crystallization
108(7)
Effect of chain chemical structure, molecular mass and microstructure
108(2)
Effect of vulcanization and filling
110(5)
Strength properties of elastomers at low temperatures
115(10)
Strength of amorphous elastomers at low temperatures
115(3)
Strength of crystallizable elastomers
118(7)
Strength determined by stress-induced crystallization
118(4)
Effect of precrystallization on the strength at low temperatures
122(3)
Contribution of crystallization and glass transition to low-temperature resistance of elastomers
125(12)
Mutual interaction of crystallization and glass transition
125(3)
Effect of crystallization on glass transition
125(3)
Crystallization from the glassy state
128(1)
The ratio of the contributions by crystallization and glass transition to the low-temperature resistance of elastomers
128(1)
Low-temperature resistance of rubber articles
129(4)
Ways to improve the low-temperature resistance of rubber articles
129(2)
Assessment of low-temperature resistance of rubber articles from the low-temperature behaviour data for elastomers
131(2)
Effect of repeated exposure to low temperatures on the performance of rubber articles
133(4)
Reversibility of changes due to glass transition and crystallization
133(1)
Effect of temperature cycling on the performance of rubber articles
133(4)
Low-temperature resistance specifics of particular elastomers
137(20)
Styrene-butadiene rubbers
137(2)
Butadiene acrylonitrile rubbers
139(1)
Isoprene rubbers
140(2)
Butadiene rubbers
142(2)
Chloroprene rubbers
144(2)
Butyl rubber
146(1)
Silicon rubbers
147(2)
Urethane rubbers
149(1)
Thiocol rubbers
150(1)
Fluoroelastomers
151(1)
Acrylate rubbers
151(1)
Ethylene-propylene rubbers
152(1)
Epoxide rubbers
153(1)
Polypentenomers
154(1)
Alternating rubbers
155(2)
References 157(26)
Subject index 183


Maya F. Bukhina, Prof. Dr. Techn. Sci. (1975), grad. Physical Department Lomonosov Moscow State University, is consultant at the Institute of Elastomeric Materials and Articles, Moscow. She is Deputy Editor of the journal Kaucuk I Rezina and author of Crystallization of Rubbers and Engineering Physics of Elastomers and has published over 200 articles. Sergei K. Kurlyand, Prof. Dr. Techn. Sci. (1990), grad. Department of Organic Chemistry Leningrad Technological Institute named by Lensovet, is chief of the Physical Laboratory, Institute of Synthetic Rubbers, St. Petersburg. He has published over 150 articles.