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E-grāmata: Mandarin Competence of Chinese-English Bilingual Preschoolers: A Corpus-based Analysis of Singaporean Children's Speech

  • Formāts: EPUB+DRM
  • Izdošanas datums: 03-Nov-2016
  • Izdevniecība: Springer Verlag, Singapore
  • Valoda: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9789811022258
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  • Formāts: EPUB+DRM
  • Izdošanas datums: 03-Nov-2016
  • Izdevniecība: Springer Verlag, Singapore
  • Valoda: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9789811022258

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This book provides readers with a detailed sketch of the Mandarin competence of Chinese children in Singapore from different home language backgrounds. Their Mandarin competence is defined in terms of lexical diversity, syntactic complexity and code-switching tendency. The findings presented show that there are statistical differences in lexical diversity and syntactic complexity among the compared groups of children, and these differences in linguistic competence were found to be positively correlated to increased Mandarin exposure at home. They also demonstrate that there are statistical differences in code-switching tendency among the groups of children compared, which were found to be negatively correlated to increased exposure to Mandarin at home. A general relationship between home language exposure and Mandarin competence was established, although this relationship was found to be volatile, especially among children who are more bilingually exposed. This book shares these findings with linguists, language educators, and language policymakers, both local and international.
1 Introduction
1(10)
1.1 Background of Research
1(3)
1.2 Research Objectives
4(1)
1.3 Research Significance
4(1)
1.4 Research Progression
5(6)
References
8(3)
2 Review of Literature
11(36)
2.1 Child Language Study on Mandarin
11(13)
2.1.1 Child Language Study on Mandarin in the International Academia
12(4)
2.1.2 Child Language Study on Mandarin in Singapore
16(8)
2.2 Development of Bilingualism in Children
24(4)
2.2.1 Cognitive Aspect of Bilingual Development
24(2)
2.2.2 Linguistic Aspect of Bilingual Development
26(1)
2.2.3 Communicative Aspect of Bilingual Development
27(1)
2.3 Lexical Diversity
28(4)
2.4 Syntactic Complexity
32(4)
2.5 Code-Switching
36(4)
2.6 Summary
40(7)
References
41(6)
3 Theoretical Perspectives and Analytical Framework
47(14)
3.1 Language Competence
47(2)
3.2 Theoretical Basis
49(5)
3.2.1 Language Input and Output
50(2)
3.2.2 Dynamic Systems Theory and Language Development
52(2)
3.3 Continuum as a Framework
54(2)
3.4 Hypothetical Framework
56(5)
References
58(3)
4 Research Methodology
61(22)
4.1 Data Source and Sample Demographics
61(4)
4.2 Unit of Measurement
65(2)
4.3 Processing Lexical Diversity
67(3)
4.4 Processing Syntactic Complexity
70(5)
4.5 Processing Code-Switching
75(2)
4.6 Data Description and Analysis
77(1)
4.7 Summary
78(5)
References
79(4)
5 Mandarin Competences Measured by Lexical Diversity
83(28)
5.1 Main Concepts, Approach, and Hypothesis
83(2)
5.2 Number of Different Mandarin Words
85(3)
5.3 Lexical Variation (Root-TTR)
88(4)
5.4 Word-Type Coverage on Parts-of-Speech
92(3)
5.5 Coverage of First 500 Most Frequently Used Words
95(11)
5.5.1 Overview of the First 500 Most Frequently Used Words
96(3)
5.5.2 Home Language Group Comparison of the First 500 Words
99(7)
5.6 Summary
106(5)
References
109(2)
6 Mandarin Competence Measured by Syntactic Complexity
111(36)
6.1 Main Concepts, Approach, and Hypothesis
111(3)
6.2 Number of Mandarin Utterances
114(3)
6.3 Syntactic Forms of Utterances
117(5)
6.4 Syntactic Features of Utterance
122(16)
6.4.1 Syntactic Features of Single Word Utterance
123(5)
6.4.2 Syntactic Features of Multiple Clause Utterance
128(10)
6.5 Mean Length Utterance (MLU)
138(4)
6.6 Summary
142(5)
References
144(3)
7 Mandarin Competence Measured by Code-Switching Tendency
147
7.1 Main Concepts, Approach, and Hypothesis
147(2)
7.2 Frequency of Code-Switching
149(3)
7.3 Types of Code-Switching
152(9)
7.3.1 Inter-utterance Code-Switching
156(3)
7.3.2 Intra-utterance Code-Switching
159(2)
7.4 Types of Intra-utterance Code-Switching
161(7)
7.4.1 Alternation
162(2)
7.4.2 Insertion
164(3)
7.4.3 Congruent Lexicalization
167(1)
7.5 Common Linguistic Categories of Code-Switching
168(4)
7.6 Summary
172
References
174(1)
8 Conclusions and Implications
175(1)
8.1 Objectives, Hypotheses and Key Findings
175(4)
8.2 General Discussion
179(4)
8.3 Conclusion
183(3)
8.4 Implications
186(2)
8.5 Limitations
188(2)
8.6 Final Remarks
190(5)
References
191(4)
Appendix A Data Collection Tools 195(8)
Appendix B Data Processing 203(20)
Appendix C Processed Data 223(32)
Index 255
Hock Huan, GOH is currently Research Counselor to the Directors' Office and a Research Scientist at the Singapore Centre for Chinese Language (SCCL). He obtained his doctorate in education from Nanyang Technological University (NTU), Singapore. He began his career in educational research in 2004 and his interests include Chinese language education in multi/bilingual contexts, child Mandarin competence and classroom discourse. At the SCCL he has led three ministry-funded projects, which involved constructing specialised written and spoken corpura for Chinese language education, and evaluation of Chinese language curriculum implementation. Despite being partially visual impaired, he has published with his research team a series on everyday Chinese used by Singapore students. He has also published more than 10 co-authored articles and over 20 paper presentations. Recently, he has co-contributed a book chapter on code-switching in Teaching Chinese Language in Singapore: Retrospect and Challenge also published by Springer.