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Markov's Theorem and 100 Years of the Uniqueness Conjecture: A Mathematical Journey from Irrational Numbers to Perfect Matchings 2013 ed. [Hardback]

  • Formāts: Hardback, 257 pages, height x width: 235x155 mm, weight: 5266 g, X, 257 p., 1 Hardback
  • Izdošanas datums: 29-Jul-2013
  • Izdevniecība: Springer International Publishing AG
  • ISBN-10: 3319008870
  • ISBN-13: 9783319008875
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  • Formāts: Hardback, 257 pages, height x width: 235x155 mm, weight: 5266 g, X, 257 p., 1 Hardback
  • Izdošanas datums: 29-Jul-2013
  • Izdevniecība: Springer International Publishing AG
  • ISBN-10: 3319008870
  • ISBN-13: 9783319008875
Citas grāmatas par šo tēmu:

This book takes the reader on a mathematical journey, from a number-theoretic point of view, to the realm of Markov’s theorem and the uniqueness conjecture, gradually unfolding many beautiful connections until everything falls into place in the proof of Markov’s theorem. What makes the Markov theme so attractive is that it appears in an astounding variety of different fields, from number theory to combinatorics, from classical groups and geometry to the world of graphs and words.

On the way, there are also introductory forays into some fascinating topics that do not belong to the standard curriculum, such as Farey fractions, modular and free groups, hyperbolic planes, and algebraic words. The book closes with a discussion of the current state of knowledge about the uniqueness conjecture, which remains an open challenge to this day.

All the material should be accessible to upper-level undergraduates with some background in number theory, and anything beyond this level is fully explained in the text.

This is not a monograph in the usual sense concentrating on a specific topic. Instead, it narrates in five parts – Numbers, Trees, Groups, Words, Finale – the story of a discovery in one field and its many manifestations in others, as a tribute to a great mathematical achievement and as an intellectual pleasure, contemplating the marvellous unity of all mathematics.



This book takes the reader on a mathematical journey from the number-theoretic setting of the Theorem of Markov and its Uniqueness Conjecture, gradually unfolding many beautiful connections, until in the proof of the Theorem everything falls into place.

Recenzijas

From the book reviews:

The topic, and its presentation, does make it a fine source for seminar usage. this is a fine text for students who are ready to see material connecting various areas of mathematics. It reveals the beauty and hints at the excitement of live mathematics. (Thomas A. Schmidt, Mathematical Reviews, September, 2014)

In number theory, Markovs theorem (1879) reveals surprising structure within a set of real numbers, called the Lagrange spectrum, which collects precise information about approximability of irrational numbers. Summing Up: Highly recommended. Upper-division undergraduates and above. (D. V. Feldman, Choice, Vol. 51 (8), April, 2014)

Book tells the story of a celebrated theorem and an intriguing conjecture: Markovs theorem from 1879 and the uniqueness conjecture formulated by Frobenius . author takes the opportunity to look at this theorem and this conjecture from many different viewpoints . He offers a journey through the mathematical world around Markovs theorem in a leisurely and relaxed style, making his book very pleasant to read. An undergraduate student will certainly enjoy this reading and learn a lot. (Yann Bugeaud, Jahresbericht der Deutschen Mathematiker-Vereinigung, Vol. 116, 2014)

This beautiful book gives readers a chance to familiarize themselves with a very simple and yet very difficult problem in number theory, and teaches them that it pays to look at a problem from many different angles. I recommend it to all students who are already hooked to number theory, and perhaps even more to those who are not. (Franz Lemmermeyer, zbMATH, Vol. 1276, 2014)

Part I Numbers
1 Approximation of Irrational Numbers
3(28)
1.1 Lagrange Spectrum
3(6)
1.2 Continued Fractions
9(9)
1.3 Approximation via Continued Fractions
18(4)
1.4 Lagrange Spectrum and Continued Fractions
22(9)
Notes
29(2)
2 Markov's Theorem and the Uniqueness Conjecture
31(14)
2.1 Markov's Equation
31(4)
2.2 Markov's Theorem
35(3)
2.3 The Uniqueness Conjecture
38(7)
Notes
40(5)
Part II Trees
3 The Markov Tree
45(18)
3.1 Markov Triples
45(5)
3.2 Farey Table
50(5)
3.3 First Results about Markov Numbers
55(8)
Notes
62(1)
4 The Cohn Tree
63(18)
4.1 Cohn Matrices
63(7)
4.2 The Index of Cohn Matrices
70(3)
4.3 Some More Uniqueness Results
73(8)
Notes
77(4)
Part III Groups
5 The Modular Group SL(2,Z)
81(32)
5.1 Generators for SL(2,Z)
81(7)
5.2 Cohn Matrices and the Commutator Subgroup
88(4)
5.3 The Linear Group GL(2,Z)
92(2)
5.4 Hyperbolic Plane and Markov Numbers
94(19)
Notes
111(2)
6 The Free Group F2
113(22)
6.1 Free Groups
113(4)
6.2 The Commutator Subgroup SL(2,Z)
117(5)
6.3 Automorphisms of F2 and Z2
122(6)
6.4 Cohn Words
128(7)
Notes
131(4)
Part IV Words
7 Christoffel Words
135(24)
7.1 Lattice Paths
135(6)
7.2 Snake Graphs
141(8)
7.3 Combinatorics of Christoffel Words
149(10)
Notes
157(2)
8 Sturmian Words
159(26)
8.1 Balanced and Periodic Words
159(4)
8.2 Mechanical Words
163(10)
8.3 Characteristic Words and Standard Sequences
173(5)
8.4 Central Words and the Markov Property
178(7)
Notes
182(3)
Part V Finale
9 Proof of Markov's Theorem
185(22)
9.1 Doubly Infinite Sequences
186(3)
9.2 Admissible Sequences
189(6)
9.3 Structure of Markov Words
195(6)
9.4 Final Steps to the Proof
201(6)
Notes
206(1)
10 The Uniqueness Conjecture
207(42)
10.1 Growth of Markov Numbers
207(10)
10.2 Restricted Conjectures and Results
217(17)
10.3 The Algebraic Approach
234(15)
Notes
248(1)
References 249(6)
Index 255