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E-grāmata: Mathematics of Infinity: A Guide to Great Ideas

3.92/5 (13 ratings by Goodreads)
(Fordham University, Dept. of Mathematics, Bronx, NY)
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Praise for the First Edition

". . . an enchanting book for those people in computer science or mathematics who are fascinated by the concept of infinity."Computing Reviews

". . . a very well written introduction to set theory . . . easy to read and well suited for self-study . . . highly recommended."Choice

The concept of infinity has fascinated and confused mankind for centuries with theories and ideas that cause even seasoned mathematicians to wonder. The Mathematics of Infinity: A Guide to Great Ideas, Second Edition uniquely explores how we can manipulate these ideas when our common sense rebels at the conclusions we are drawing.

Continuing to draw from his extensive work on the subject, the author provides a user-friendly presentation that avoids unnecessary, in-depth mathematical rigor. This Second Edition provides important coverage of logic and sets, elements and predicates, cardinals as ordinals, and mathematical physics. Classic arguments and illustrative examples are provided throughout the book and are accompanied by a gradual progression of sophisticated notions designed to stun readers' intuitive view of the world.

With an accessible and balanced treatment of both concepts and theory, the book focuses on the following topics:





Logic, sets, and functions



Prime numbers



Counting infinite sets



Well ordered sets



Infinite cardinals



Logic and meta-mathematics



Inductions and numbers





Presenting an intriguing account of the notions of infinity, The Mathematics of Infinity: A Guide to Great Ideas, Second Edition is an insightful supplement for mathematics courses on set theory at the undergraduate level. The book also serves as a fascinating reference for mathematically inclined individuals who are interested in learning about the world of counterintuitive mathematics.
Preface for the Second Edition xi
1 Logic
1(28)
1.1 Axiomatic Method
2(1)
1.2 Tabular Logic
3(6)
1.3 Tautology
9(5)
1.4 Logical Strategies
14(3)
1.5 Implications From Implications
17(3)
1.6 Universal Quantifiers
20(2)
1.7 Fun With Language and Logic
22(7)
2 Sets
29(38)
2.1 Elements and Predicates
30(9)
2.2 Equality
39(7)
2.3 Cartesian Products
46(3)
2.4 Power Sets
49(2)
2.5 Something From Nothing
51(6)
2.6 Indexed Families of Sets
57(10)
3 Functions
67(40)
3.1 Functional Preliminaries
68(15)
3.2 Images and Preimages
83(9)
3.3 One-to-One and Onto Functions
92(5)
3.4 Bijections
97(2)
3.5 Inverse Functions
99(8)
4 Counting Infinite Sets
107(30)
4.1 Finite Sets
107(8)
4.2 Hilbert's Infinite Hotel
115(15)
4.3 Equivalent Sets and Cardinality
130(7)
5 Infinite Cardinals
137(64)
5.1 Countable Sets
138(13)
5.2 Uncountable Sets
151(10)
5.3 Two Infinities
161(7)
5.4 Power Sets
168(15)
5.5 The Arithmetic of Cardinals
183(18)
6 Well-Ordered Sets
201(44)
6.1 Successors of Elements
201(9)
6.2 Constructing Well Ordered Sets
210(15)
6.3 Cardinals as Ordinals
225(13)
6.4 Magnitude versus Cardinality
238(7)
7 Inductions and Numbers
245(46)
7.1 Mathematical Induction
245(17)
7.2 Sums of Powers of Integers
262(4)
7.3 Transfinite Induction
266(10)
7.4 Mathematical Recursion
276(5)
7.5 Number Theory
281(4)
7.6 The Fundamental Theorem of Arithmetic
285(2)
7.7 Perfect Numbers
287(4)
8 Prime Numbers
291(24)
8.1 Prime Number Generators
291(3)
8.2 The Prime Number Theorem
294(4)
8.3 Products of Geometric Series
298(6)
8.4 The Riemann Zeta Function
304(5)
8.5 Real Numbers
309(6)
9 Logic and Meta-Mathematics
315(18)
9.1 The Collection of All Sets
315(4)
9.2 Other Than True or False
319(8)
9.3 The Logic of A Theory of Everything
327(6)
9.3.1 Godel's Incompleteness Theorem
327(2)
9.3.2 Logically Closed Sets
329(1)
9.3.3 Applications
330(3)
Bibliography 333(2)
Index 335
THEODORE G. FATICONI, PhD, is a Professor in the Department of Mathematics at Fordham University. His professional experience includes forty research papers in peer-reviewed journals and forty lectures on his research to his colleagues.