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E-grāmata: Media Access Control and Resource Allocation: For Next Generation Passive Optical Networks

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This book focuses on various Passive optical networks (PONs)  types, including currently deployed Ethernet PON (EPON) and Gigabit PON (GPON) as well as next generation WDM PON and OFDM PON. Also this book examines the integrated optical and wireless access networks. Concentrating on two issues in these networks: media access control (MAC) and resource allocation. These two problems can greatly affect performances of PONs such as network resource utilization and QoS of end users. Finally this book will discuss various solutions to address the MAC and resource allocation issues in various PON networks.
1 Overview of Broadband Access Technologies
1(10)
1.1 Broadband Access Technologies
2(5)
1.1.1 Digital Subscriber Line
2(1)
1.1.2 Hybrid Fiber Coaxial Cable
3(1)
1.1.3 Broadband Over Powerline
3(1)
1.1.4 Wireless Broadband Access
4(2)
1.1.5 Optical Fiber
6(1)
1.2 Optical Access Networks
7(3)
1.2.1 Point-to-Point Fiber
7(2)
1.2.2 Active Ethernet Network
9(1)
1.2.3 Passive Optical Network
9(1)
1.3 Summary
10(1)
2 PON Architectures
11(12)
2.1 TDM PON
12(5)
2.1.1 APON/BPON (ITU-T G.983)
13(1)
2.1.2 GPON (ITU-T G.984)
14(1)
2.1.3 NG-PON (ITU-T G.987)
14(2)
2.1.4 EPON (IEEE 802.3ah)
16(1)
2.1.5 10G EPON (IEEE 802.3av)
16(1)
2.2 WDM PON
17(3)
2.3 OFDM PON
20(2)
2.4 Summary
22(1)
3 Media Access Control and Resource Allocation in GPON
23(6)
3.1 Media Access Control in GPON
23(2)
3.1.1 Downstream Transmission
23(1)
3.1.2 Upstream Transmission
24(1)
3.2 Dynamic Bandwidth Allocation
25(2)
3.3 Traffic Mapping
27(1)
3.4 Summary
28(1)
4 Media Access Control and Resource Allocation in EPON and 10G-EPON
29(24)
4.1 Media Access Control in EPON and 10G-EPON
29(3)
4.1.1 ONU Discovery and Registration
30(1)
4.1.2 Synchronization and Ranging
31(1)
4.1.3 Resource Allocation
32(1)
4.2 Dynamic Bandwidth Allocation (DBA)
32(5)
4.2.1 Inter-ONU Bandwidth Allocation
33(3)
4.2.2 Intra-ONU Scheduling
36(1)
4.3 Maximizing User QoE in DBA
37(14)
4.3.1 QoE
37(2)
4.3.2 The Downstream Scenario
39(4)
4.3.3 The Upstream Scenario
43(1)
4.3.4 Simulation Results and Analysis
44(7)
4.4 Summary
51(2)
5 Media Access Control and Resource Allocation in WDM PON
53(14)
5.1 WDM PON Architecture
53(2)
5.2 Media Access Control
55(3)
5.2.1 Dynamic Bandwidth Allocation
57(1)
5.3 Modeling and Problem Formulation
58(1)
5.3.1 Wavelengths → Machines
58(1)
5.3.2 ONU Requests → Jobs
58(1)
5.3.3 Scheduling Objective
59(1)
5.4 Problem 1: Non-preemptive Scheduling for ONUs Supporting Different Sets of Wavelengths
59(2)
5.5 Problem 2: Preemptive Scheduling for Lasers in ONUs Requiring Non-zero Tuning Time
61(3)
5.6 Summary
64(3)
6 OFDM PON
67(8)
6.1 OFDM PON Architecture
67(1)
6.2 Media Access Control
67(5)
6.2.1 TDMA-Based Media Access Control
68(1)
6.2.2 FDMA-Based Media Access Control
68(1)
6.2.3 Hybrid TDMA and FDMA Media Access Control
69(1)
6.2.4 Performance Evaluation
70(2)
6.3 Summary
72(3)
7 Hybrid Optical and Wireless Access
75(12)
7.1 Advantages of Optical Wireless Integration
75(2)
7.2 Integrated OFDMA PON and Wireless Access
77(8)
7.2.1 Resource Allocation
78(2)
7.2.2 MAC
80(2)
7.2.3 Performance Analysis
82(3)
7.3 Summary
85(2)
8 Green Passive Optical Networks
87(12)
8.1 Reducing Energy Consumption of ONUs
88(6)
8.1.1 Sleep Status of ONUs
90(1)
8.1.2 Scenario 1: Sleep for More Than One DBA Cycle
90(3)
8.1.3 Scenario 2: Sleep Within One DBA Cycle
93(1)
8.2 Reducing Energy Consumption of the OLT
94(4)
8.2.1 Framework of the Energy-Efficient OLT Design
95(1)
8.2.2 The OLT with Optical Switch
95(2)
8.2.3 The OLT with Cascaded 2×2 Switches
97(1)
8.3 Summary
98(1)
9 Looking Forward
99(6)
References 105
Nirwan Ansari, Professor, New Jersey Institute of Technology. Jingjing Zhang, Ph.D., Software Engineer, Arista Networks.