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E-grāmata: Medical Sociology

3.60/5 (83 ratings by Goodreads)
(University of Alabama, Birmingham, USA)
  • Formāts: 466 pages
  • Izdošanas datums: 30-Sep-2021
  • Izdevniecība: Routledge
  • Valoda: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9781000455472
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Medical SociologyPalielināt
  • Formāts: 466 pages
  • Izdošanas datums: 30-Sep-2021
  • Izdevniecība: Routledge
  • Valoda: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9781000455472
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The most comprehensive textbook available on its topic, this classic book's principal goal has been to introduce students to medical sociology and serve as a reference for faculty. This new edition is heavily revised with updated data and important new additions.



The most comprehensive major academic textbook available on its topic, this classic text presents the most important research studies in the field. The author integrates engaging first-person accounts from patients, physicians, and other health care providers throughout the text. Since its inception, this book's principal goal has been to introduce students to the field of medical sociology and serve as a reference for faculty by presenting the most current ideas, issues, concepts, themes, theories, and research findings in the field. This new edition is heavily revised with updated data and important new additions.

New to this edition:

    • A contemporary account of medical sociology’s subfields (Chapter 1)

    • New chapter on COVID-19 (Chapter 3)

    • Update on the widening gap in life expectancy between the rich and the poor (Chapter 4)

    • New chapter on gender and health, including the convergence of life expectancy between men and women and its reversal during the COVID-19 pandemic (Chapter 5)

    • Updated chapter on aging and expanded discussion of health and race (Chapter 6)

    • New developments in doctor-patient interaction, including telemedicine (Chapter 10)

    • The survival of the Affordable Care Act (Chapter 16)

Part I Introduction 1(164)
1 Medical Sociology
3(20)
The Social Determinants of Health
4(1)
The Development of Medical Sociology
5(8)
Parsons
8(5)
Defining Health
13(1)
Contrasting Ideas About Health and Social Behavior
13(2)
Modern Medicine and the Regulation of the Body
15(1)
The Public's Health
15(1)
The Germ Theory of Disease and the Search for "Magic Bullets"
16(1)
Return to the "Whole" Person
17(2)
The Reemergence of Infectious Diseases
19(1)
Summary
20(1)
Critical Thinking Questions
20(1)
Suggested Readings
20(1)
References
21(2)
2 Social Epidemiology
23(30)
Epidemiological Measures
24(2)
The Development of Epidemiology
26(3)
Disease and Modernization
29(1)
The Complexity of Modern Ills
30(6)
Heart Disease
31(2)
Obesity
33(3)
Pandemics
36(12)
HIV/AIDS
38(4)
Influenza
42(1)
SARS
42(2)
MERS
44(1)
Ebola
45(1)
Zika
46(2)
Summary
48(1)
Critical Thinking Questions
49(1)
Suggested Readings
49(1)
References
49(4)
3 COVID-19
53(30)
COVID-19: Origin, Transmission, and Spread
54(18)
Airborne Transmission and Asymptomatic Individuals
55(1)
COVID-19's Initial Impact on Society
55(1)
China
55(4)
The Middle East and Europe
59(4)
India, Africa, and Latin America
63(3)
The United States
66(5)
Canada
71(1)
COVID-19: Social Patterns
72(4)
Comorbid Conditions
72(1)
Age
72(1)
Race
73(2)
Gender
75(1)
Social Class
75(1)
Resolution
76(1)
Social Effects
77(1)
Summary
78(1)
Critical Thinking Questions
78(1)
Suggested Readings
78(1)
References
79(4)
4 The Social Demography of Health: Social Class
83(26)
The Components of Social Class
85(3)
Social Class and Health Disparities
88(11)
Equality of Care and the Social Gradient in Mortality: The British Experience
93(3)
Neighborhood Disadvantage
96(3)
Socioeconomic Status as a Fundamental Cause of Sickness and Mortality
99(2)
Summary
101(1)
Critical Thinking Questions
102(1)
Suggested Readings
102(1)
References
102(7)
5 The Social Demography of Health: Gender
109(23)
Male-Female Life Expectancy
110(14)
Gender Differences in Morbidity
114(2)
The Narrowing Gender Gap in Longevity
116(3)
Rural Residence
119(2)
Smoking
121(3)
Gender and Mental Health
124(2)
Gender and LGB TQ Health
126(1)
Summary
127(1)
Critical Thinking Questions
127(1)
Suggested Readings
128(1)
References
128(4)
6 The Social Demography of Health: Age and Race
132(33)
Age
133(7)
Social Trends in Aging and Health
133(4)
Life Course Theory
137(3)
Race
140(13)
Race as a Social Construction
140(1)
Racism and Health
141(1)
The Current Demographic Transition
142(1)
Black Americans
142(7)
Hispanic Americans
149(3)
Native Americans
152(1)
Asian Americans
153(1)
Race and Mental Health
153(3)
Summary
156(1)
Critical Thinking Questions
156(1)
Suggested Readings
157(1)
References
157(8)
Part II Health And Illness 165(78)
7 Social Stress and Health
167(26)
Cooley, Thomas, and Goffman: Symbolic Interaction
168(3)
Durkheim: The Larger Society
171(2)
Stress and the Body
173(6)
Physiological Responses to Stress
174(1)
Biomarkers
175(1)
Social Factors and Stress
176(1)
The Stress Process
176(1)
Stress Adaptation
177(1)
Stress and the Social Group
178(1)
Social Capital
179(2)
Stress and Socioeconomic Status
181(1)
Life Changes
181(5)
Extreme Situations
181(3)
Life Events
184(2)
Gene-Environment Interaction
186(1)
Summary
187(1)
Critical Thinking Questions
188(1)
Suggested Readings
188(1)
References
188(5)
8 Health Behavior and Lifestyles
193(19)
Health Lifestyles: Background
195(4)
Weber: Lifestyles
195(3)
Bourdieu: Lifestyles
198(1)
A Theory of Health Lifestyles
199(5)
Health Lifestyles: A Final Note on the Influence of Social Class
204(4)
Preventive Care
206(2)
Summary
208(1)
Critical Thinking Questions
209(1)
Suggested Readings
209(1)
References
209(3)
9 Illness Behavior and the Sick Role
212(31)
Illness as Deviance
213(4)
Self-Care
217(1)
Social Networks
218(3)
Sociodemographic Variables
221(8)
Age and Gender
221(1)
Race
222(3)
Socioeconomic Status
225(4)
The Sick Role
229(6)
The Physician-Patient Role Relationship
232(2)
Criticisms of the Sick Role
234(1)
Medicalization/Biomedicalization
235(2)
Summary
237(1)
Critical Thinking Questions
238(1)
Suggested Readings
239(1)
References
239(4)
Part III Providing Health Care 243(108)
10 Doctor-Patient Interaction
245(25)
Models of Interaction
247(9)
Misunderstandings in Communication
250(1)
Communication and Class Background
250(2)
Male Physicians and Female Patients
252(1)
Women Physicians
253(2)
Cultural Differences in Communication
255(1)
Patient Compliance/Adherence
256(1)
The Future of Doctor-Patient Relations
256(2)
Doctor-Patient Relations and New Technology
258(4)
Internet Medicine
259(1)
Telemedicine
260(1)
Other Developments
261(1)
The New Genetics
262(3)
Privacy and Gene Ownership
263(2)
Human Cloning
265(1)
Summary
265(1)
Critical Thinking Questions
266(1)
Suggested Readings
266(1)
References
266(4)
11 Physicians
270(20)
The Professionalization of the Physician
271(7)
The American Medical Association
273(3)
The Control of Medical Education
276(2)
The Socialization of the Physician
278(6)
Osteopaths
284(1)
The Social Hierarchy of American Medicine
284(3)
The Hospital
285(1)
The Clientele
285(1)
The Inner Fraternity-Sorority
286(1)
Summary
287(1)
Critical Thinking Questions
288(1)
Suggested Readings
288(1)
References
288(2)
12 The Physician in a Changing Society
290(20)
Social Control of Medical Practice
293(4)
Countervailing Power
297(1)
Government Regulation
298(1)
Managed Care
299(1)
The Coming of the Corporation
300(3)
The Changing Doctor-Patient Relationship
303(1)
The Deprofessionalization of Physicians
304(2)
The Organization of Medical Practice
306(1)
Summary
306(1)
Critical Thinking Questions
307(1)
Suggested Readings
307(1)
References
307(3)
13 Nurses, Physician Assistants, Pharmacists, and Midwives
310(21)
Nursing Past and Present
311(10)
The Early Development of Nursing as an Occupation
312(1)
Florence Nightingale
313(1)
Nursing Education
314(2)
Nursing Students
316(2)
Gender and "the Doctor-Nurse Game"
318(3)
Nursing: Future Trends
321(2)
Hospital Administration
321(1)
The Nurse Practitioner/Clinician
322(1)
Physician Assistants
323(2)
Pharmacists
325(2)
Midwives
327(1)
Summary
328(1)
Critical Thinking Questions
328(1)
Suggested Readings
329(1)
References
329(2)
14 Complementary and Alternative Medicine (CAM)
331(20)
Overview
332(2)
Chiropractors
334(1)
Religion and Faith Healing
335(6)
Folk Healing
341(6)
Black Folk Healers
341(3)
Curanderismo Healing
344(1)
Native American Healing: The Navajo and the Cree
345(2)
Summary
347(1)
Critical Thinking Questions
347(1)
Suggested Readings
348(1)
References
348(3)
Part IV Health Care Delivery Systems 351(94)
15 Hospitals
353(22)
The Development of the Hospital as a Social Institution
354(4)
Hospitals as Centers of Religious Practice
354(1)
Hospitals as Poorhouses
355(2)
Hospitals as Deathhouses
357(1)
Hospitals as Centers of Medical Technology
358(1)
Hospitals in the United States
358(10)
Hospital Ownership
359(2)
The Organization of the Non-profit Community Hospital
361(2)
The Hospital: Dual Authority
363(5)
The Hospital Patient Role
368(2)
The Rising Cost of Hospitalization
370(3)
Summary
373(1)
Critical Thinking Questions
373(1)
Suggested Readings
373(1)
References
374(1)
16 Health Care Reform and Health Policy in the United States
375(30)
Rising Costs
377(2)
The Road to Health Care Reform
379(13)
The Emergence of Managed Care
382(3)
State Efforts at Health Care Reform
385(1)
Enactment of the Affordable Care Act
386(3)
Legal Challenges to the Affordable Care Act
389(1)
Trump's Health Care Reforms and the Failed Repeal of the Affordable Care Act
390(2)
Biden and the Future of Health Care Reform
392(1)
Equity in Health Services
392(1)
Geographic Distribution of Services
393(2)
Overview of Health Care Delivery
395(4)
Fee-for-Service Health Care
397(2)
Health Care: A Right or a Privilege?
399(3)
Summary
402(1)
Critical Thinking Questions
402(1)
Suggested Readings
403(1)
References
403(2)
17 Global Health Care
405(40)
Socialized Medicine: Canada, Britain, and Sweden
410(9)
Canada
411(2)
Britain
413(4)
Sweden
417(2)
Decentralized National Health Programs: Japan, Germany, and Mexico
419(9)
Japan
420(3)
Germany
423(3)
Mexico
426(2)
Socialist Medicine: Alterations in Russia and China
428(10)
Russia
429(4)
China
433(5)
Conclusion
438(1)
Critical Thinking Questions
439(1)
Suggested Readings
439(1)
References
440(5)
Name Index 445(6)
Subject Index 451
William C. Cockerham is Distinguished Professor of Sociology and Chair Emeritus



at the University of Alabama at Birmingham and Research Scholar of Sociology at



the College of William & Mary in Williamsburg, Virginia, USA. He held secondary



appointments in medicine and public health at UAB and is recipient of several awards



for scholarly distinction. He is past President of the Research Committee on Health



Sociology of the International Sociological Association and formerly was on the editorial



boards of several journals, including the American Sociological Review and Society and



Mental Health. Currently, he is deputy editor of the Journal of Health and Social Behavior.



He has published numerous peer-reviewed papers and is author or editor of 20 books.



Recent books are the Wiley Blackwell Companion to Medical Sociology (



2021) and Social Causes of Health and Disease, 3rd ed. (2021). His newest books



with Routledge are Sociological Theories of Health and Illness (2021), Sociology of Mental



Disorder, 11th ed. (2021), and The COVID-19 Reader: What the Science Says About the



Social (2021).
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