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E-grāmata: Miller's Marine War Risks

(University of Southampton, UK), ,
  • Formāts: 334 pages
  • Sērija : Lloyd's Shipping Law Library
  • Izdošanas datums: 24-Jun-2020
  • Izdevniecība: Focal Press
  • Valoda: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9781351859493
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Miller's Marine War RisksPalielināt
  • Formāts: 334 pages
  • Sērija : Lloyd's Shipping Law Library
  • Izdošanas datums: 24-Jun-2020
  • Izdevniecība: Focal Press
  • Valoda: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9781351859493
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Miller's Marine War Risks is the only book devoted to drawing together and analysing the insurance of commercial shipping against war risks.

It merges analysis of the legal principles, case law, and legislation with the practice of the insurance market in order to provide commentary on difficult questions concerning liabilities, claims, and coverage.

With global events becoming more uncertain in the Gulf and elsewhere, the updating of Michael Miller’s classic text will be of great use to legal practitioners, the insurance market, and the shipping industry throughout the world.

Foreword xv
Sir Bernard Rix
Preface to the Fourth Edition xvii
Acknowledgments xviii
Table of cases
xix
Table of legislation
xxxiv
Chapter 1 The History Of The War Risks Policy
1(9)
The S.G. Form
1(1)
The MAR Form
2(1)
The development of war risks insurance, and the f.c. & s Clause
3(5)
The work of Alan Jackson and his Committee: the end of the S.G. Form and the advent of the MAR and revised Institute Time Clauses
8(2)
Chapter 2 The Underwriters
10(3)
The London market
10(1)
The Mutual Associations
11(2)
Chapter 3 The Premiums
13(8)
Background to premiums
13(1)
Additional war risk premiums and their calculation
14(2)
Who pays the AWRP?
16(3)
Time-charter cases
16(3)
The voyage charter cases
19(1)
The BIMCO CON WARTIME and VOYWAR 2013 Clauses
19(2)
Chapter 4 Cancellation And Automatic Termination Of Cover Clause
21(9)
Cancellation on seven days' notice
22(1)
Hostile detonation of any nuclear weapon of war
23(1)
Ships and freight
23(1)
Containers
23(1)
Cargo stored afloat
24(1)
Cargo---War Clauses (general cargo), War Clauses (Special Cargo) and Additional Expenses
24(1)
Cargo---strikes
25(1)
Outbreak of war between the Five Permanent Members of the Security Council
26(1)
Requisition
27(1)
The Mutual Associations
28(1)
The Combined Group of War Risks Clubs
28(1)
UK War Risks
29(1)
The Hellenic War Risks Club
29(1)
Chapter 5 The Insured Perils: An Overview
30(4)
"Insured perils" versus "risks covered"
30(1)
Approach to the interpretation of the insured perils
31(1)
The role of criminal and public international law when interpreting the insured perils
32(1)
Future conflicts---cyber warfare?
33(1)
Chapter 6 War
34(11)
The definition of "war"
34(3)
The Pesquerias Case
37(1)
The facts
37(1)
The casualties
37(1)
The courts' decisions
38(1)
World War II
38(1)
The Korean War
39(1)
The Falklands War
39(2)
The First Gulf War
41(1)
Period 1 2 August 1990 to 16 January 1991
41(1)
Period 2 16 January to end-February 1991
41(1)
Period 3 March 1991 to February 2003
41(1)
Conflict in Kosovo
42(1)
The 9/11 attacks
43(1)
Key principles derived from the case law
44(1)
Chapter 7 Civil War
45(8)
Spinney's (1948) Ltd. and Others v. Royal Insurance
45(6)
The facts
45(6)
Was there a civil war within the meaning of the peril?
51(2)
Chapter 8 Revolution, Rebellion, Insurrection
53(12)
Must the proximate cause of a casualty be proven to fall within one of these specified insured perils in order for cover to be engaged?
53(1)
Revolution, rebellion and insurrection defined
54(1)
"Military or usurped power": the forerunners of "revolution, rebellion, insurrection"
55(3)
Revolution, rebellion, insurrection in the War Risks Policy
58(5)
Conclusions
63(2)
Chapter 9 Or Civil Strife Arising The Refrom
65(1)
Chapter 10 Or Any Hostile Act By Or Against A Belligerent Power
66(4)
Chapter 11 Capture
70(21)
Origin of the capture and seizure perils
70(1)
Capture, etc.: Hull, Freight and Cargo Clauses
71(1)
Capture, etc.: Hull Clauses
71(1)
Capture, etc.: Freight Clauses
71(1)
Capture, etc.: Cargo Clauses
71(1)
Differences between "capture" and "seizure"
72(1)
The meaning of "capture"
72(2)
Illustrative cases: the insured peril
74(6)
Unlikelihood of recovery
80(2)
Apprehension of capture
82(5)
Prize and search cases
87(4)
Chapter 12 Seizure
91(14)
Meaning of "seizure"
91(2)
Illustrative cases describing the insured peril
93(5)
The presence of force
98(2)
Public or private ends
100(1)
Seizure of the ship by those on board
101(2)
Seizure of the cargo by those on board
103(2)
Chapter 13 Arrest, Restraint, Detainment
105(10)
General
105(1)
Arrest
105(1)
Restraint
106(1)
Detainment
107(1)
Cases illustrating the insured peril
108(1)
Force
109(2)
The frustration Clause
111(2)
Mutual War Risks Associations---practice
113(1)
The Bamburi decision
113(1)
The 12-month Clause
114(1)
Chapter 14 And The Consequences Thereof Or Any Attempt Thereat
115(3)
Chapter 15 Derelict Mines, Torpedoes, Bombs And Weapons Of War
118(5)
Generally
118(2)
Ships and freight
120(1)
Containers
121(1)
Cargo
122(1)
Chapter 16 Strikers, Locked-Out Workmen Or Persons Taking Part In Labour Disturbances, Riots Or Civil Commotions
123(7)
The "strikes risk" Clause
123(1)
"Strikers"
124(3)
"Locked-out workmen"
127(1)
"Persons taking part in labour disturbances"
128(1)
Examples of "labour disturbances"
128(2)
Chapter 17 Riots, Civil Commotions
130(13)
"Riot"
130(2)
Riot as a public order offence
132(1)
Riot as an insured peril
133(1)
The Riot (Damages) Act 1886 and the Riot Compensation Act 2016
134(2)
"Civil commotion"
136(3)
Riot, civil commotion in other common law jurisdictions
139(2)
Summary
141(2)
Chapter 18 Any Terrorist
143(10)
Maritime terrorism: incidences and litigation
143(1)
Judicial approaches to interpreting terrorism as a contractual term
143(1)
The definition of terrorism in marine insurance policies
144(1)
Statutory definitions of terrorism
145(1)
The judicial interpretation of "terrorism" in insurance-related litigation
146(5)
The insured perils under Aii: the relationship between the 9/11 attacks and the subsequent US government warnings
149(1)
Did 9/11 amount to "acts of war" or "armed conflict" within the seventh paragraph of perils under cover Ai?
150(1)
Prior claims related to terrorism
151(2)
Chapter 19 Or Any Person Acting Maliciously Or From A Political Motive
153(11)
Malice and maliciously
153(1)
Malice as "targeted" or "wanton" vandalism
154(6)
The "targeted malice" test
154(1)
The "wider" test developed by Colman J.
155(1)
The test in The B Atlantic
156(2)
Malicious damage: specific intent and non-marine insurance cases
158(2)
Conclusions on malicious conduct
160(1)
Malicious acts: proof of complicity
160(1)
Malicious damage and related perils
160(1)
Examples from beyond the litigated cases
161(3)
Political motive
162(2)
Chapter 20 Piracy
164(15)
Piracy as an insured peril: Hull & Machinery cover
164(1)
Piracy as an insured peril: cargo cover
164(1)
Piracy: the limits of the peril
165(1)
Piracy: incidences
165(1)
Piracy: definitional issues
166(7)
Piracy and location: high seas/territorial waters
168(1)
Piracy and method: theft/attempted theft/ransom
168(3)
Piracy and strangers: crew/passengers
171(1)
Piracy and seizure for political motive
172(1)
Anti-piracy measures and marine insurance
173(1)
Piracy: nature and timing of loss by piratical seizure
173(3)
Actual total loss in marine insurance
174(1)
Piratical capture and loss
175(1)
Capture and recovery
175(1)
Examples of losses by piracy from outside the litigated cases
176(1)
Summary
177(2)
Chapter 21 Confiscation And Expropriation
179(1)
Chapter 22 Sue And Labour
180(7)
Introduction
180(2)
Commencement and duration of sue and labour
182(1)
Effect of failure to sue and labour
183(1)
Extraordinary expenses
184(1)
Salvage and general average
185(1)
Illegality
186(1)
Chapter 23 Exclusions
187(9)
General approach to construction
187(1)
Requisition (Clause 4.1.3)
188(2)
Pre-emption (Clause 4.1.3)
190(1)
Exclusion for capture, etc., by the "home" government (Clause 4.1.4)
190(1)
Exclusion for quarantine regulations, customs or trading regulations (Clause 4.1.5)
190(3)
Exclusion for "the operation of ordinary judicial process" (Clause 4.1.6)
193(1)
Exclusion for "failure to provide security or to pay any fine or penalty or any financial cause" (Clause 4.1.6)
194(2)
Chapter 24 War Risks And Marine Insurance Legislation
196(27)
The Marine Insurance Act 1906: construction and effect on the common law
196(1)
Interpretation of the 1906 Act as a codifying statute
197(2)
The Insurance Act 2015: construction and effect on the common law
199(1)
Contracting out under the Marine Insurance Act 1906 and the Insurance Act 2015
199(1)
Utmost good faith, non-disclosure, misrepresentation and fair presentation of the risk under the MIA 1906 and IA 2015
200(1)
Misrepresentation and non-disclosure under the MIA 1906
201(1)
Non-disclosure under the MIA 1906
201(3)
The modern application of section 18 MIA 1906
204(1)
The broker's duty of pre-contractual disclosure under section 19 MIA 1906
205(1)
Misrepresentation under section 20 MIA 1906
205(7)
Misrepresentation and non-disclosure ("fair presentation of the risk") under the IA 2015
208(4)
Warranties and risk management clauses
212(1)
Navigation limits: the current contractual provisions
212(3)
Navigation limits as promissory warranties
215(1)
Promissory warranties and the MIA 1906
216(7)
Risk management clauses under the MIA 1906
219(1)
Insurance warranties and risk management clauses under the IA 2015
220(3)
Chapter 25 Total Loss And Notice Of Abandonment
223(9)
Actual and constructive total losses
223(2)
Election for a constructive total loss
225(1)
Abandonment
226(2)
Consequences of rejection of notice of abandonment
228(1)
Restoration
229(1)
Time for giving notice of abandonment
229(1)
The 12-month Clause
230(1)
Cases where notice of abandonment is not necessary
231(1)
Missing ships
231(1)
Chapter 26 Held Covered
232(9)
The "family" of held covered clauses
232(1)
"Simple" held covered clauses
233(2)
Held covered clauses, notice and the doctrine of utmost good faith
235(1)
Simple held covered clauses: conclusions
235(1)
Complex held covered clauses
236(2)
Complex clauses: prior notice
238(1)
The doctrine of utmost good faith
239(2)
Chapter 27 Wilful Misconduct And Fraudulent Claims
241(10)
Proof of wilful misconduct and scuttling
241(1)
Wilful misconduct in war risks insurance
242(4)
Wilful misconduct as a contractual exclusion or public policy rule
243(1)
Wilful misconduct: deliberate actions, gross negligence and recklessness
244(2)
Forfeiture rule in war risks insurance
246(4)
The limits of "fraudulent claims" for the purposes of forfeiture
247(2)
The forfeiture remedy at common law
249(1)
The forfeiture remedy under the Insurance Act 2015
249(1)
The continuing duty of utmost good faith in war risks insurance
250(1)
Cumulative effect
250(1)
Chapter 28 The Proximate Cause
251(13)
Proximate cause generally
252(2)
Several things happen more or less at once
254(2)
Leyland Shipping Company Limited v. Norwich Union Fire Insurance Society Ltd.
255(1)
A casualty happens but its cause cannot be established
256(6)
Conclusion on proximate cause
262(2)
Chapter 29 Cargo War And Strikes Clauses
264(5)
Introductory
264(1)
Institute War Clauses (Cargo)
264(1)
Institute Strikes Clauses (Cargo)
264(1)
Exclusion Clauses
264(1)
Duration---War Clauses
265(1)
Duration---Strikes Clauses
266(1)
Duration---notices
267(1)
Minimising losses and waiver
267(1)
Reasonable despatch
267(2)
Chapter 30 Containers
269(1)
Chapter 31 War Risk Insurance In Time Of War
270(20)
The reinsurance agreement
275(5)
The reinsurance: Clauses 1 to 3
276(1)
The reinsured ships: Clauses 4 to 5
276(1)
Insured values: Clauses 6 to 8
276(1)
Conversion into sterling: Clauses 9 to 11
277(1)
The reinsurance premiums: Clauses 12 to 14
277(1)
General premium notices: Clause 15
277(1)
Special premium notices: Clause 16
277(1)
Consultation: Clause 17
277(1)
Settlement of claims: Clauses 18 to 21
278(1)
Disputes: Clause 31
278(1)
Commencement and termination: Clauses 33 to 35
278(2)
The NATO war risks insurance scheme
280(7)
Introductory
280(1)
First stage---1970 to 1982
281(3)
Second stage---1982 to 1992
284(1)
The policy
284(1)
Methods of underwriting
285(1)
Structure
285(1)
The improved valuation scheme
286(1)
The improved basic principles
286(1)
The South Atlantic War 1982---the Gulf War 1991
287(3)
Index 290
Michael Davey Q.C. is a commercial barrister based in London, UK. He practices in the areas of shipping, international trade, insurance, and oil and gas exploration and production; and he has particular expertise in fisheries litigation. He is ranked as a Leading Silk in Chambers & Partners and the Legal 500.

James Davey is Professor of Insurance and Commercial Law at the University of Southampton, UK. He is one of the UKs leading academics in the field, with 25 years of experience of teaching and researching insurance law. He has published more than 30 articles, appearing in leading journals in the United Kingdom, Australia, and the United States. He is Deputy President of the British Insurance Law Association, and is a regular speaker at events at the Lloyds insurance market.

Oliver Caplin is a commercial barrister based in London, UK. His practice comprises marine and non-marine insurance and reinsurance, international trade, dry shipping, energy, and jurisdiction disputes. He regularly appears in the Commercial Court in London, and arbitrations held in London and around the World.
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