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E-grāmata: Mind-Society: From Brains to Social Sciences and Professions (Treatise on Mind and Society)

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(Distinguished Professor Emeritus of Philosophy, University of Waterloo)
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How do minds make societies, and how do societies change? Paul Thagard systematically connects neural and psychological explanations of mind with major social sciences (social psychology, sociology, politics, economics, anthropology, and history) and professions (medicine, law, education,
engineering, and business). Social change emerges from interacting social and mental mechanisms.

Many economists and political scientists assume that individuals make rational choices, despite the abundance of evidence that people frequently succumb to thinking errors such as motivated inference. Much of sociology and anthropology is taken over with postmodernist assumptions that everything is
constructed on the basis of social relations such as power, with no inkling that these relations are mediated by how people think about each other.

Mind-Society displays the interdependence of the cognitive and social sciences by describing the interconnections among mental and social mechanisms, which interact to generate social changes ranging from marriage patterns to wars. Validation comes from detailed studies of important social changes,
from norms about romantic relationships to economic practices, political institutions, religious customs, and international relations.

This book belongs to a trio that includes Brain-Mind: From Neurons to Consciousness and Creativity and Natural Philosophy: From Social Brains to Knowledge, Reality, Morality, and Beauty. They can be read independently, but together they make up a Treatise on Mind and Society that provides a unified
and comprehensive treatment of the cognitive sciences, social sciences, professions, and humanities.

Recenzijas

Provides a unified, mechanistic theory for the "Disciplines" and "Professions" that make up the social sciencesā Interdisciplinary scholars in philosophy or the social sciences will find this book challenging but ultimately worthwhile * Choice * In this book, Thagard offers a tour de force that traverses the expanse from the level of molecules and neurons, through mental processing, to societal forces of stability and change. He then applies this multi-level framework to explain earthly domains such as economics, religion and warfare, and to examine a variety of professions such as medicine, education and law. Mind-Society is at once accessible, insightful, and instructive. This compelling text makes cognitive science feel exceptionally clear, spanning and relevant." * Dan Simon, Professor of Law & Psychology, University of Southern California * Mind-Society by Paul Thagard is an intriguing book-broadly scoped, erudite, and framed by a unique perspective. It addresses both cognitive-emotional processes and social phenomena, moves fluidly between them, and weaves them together. It is the kind of book that I wish I could have written." * Ron Sun, Professor of Cognitive Sciences, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute * Provides a unified, mechanistic theory for the "Disciplines" and "Professions" that make up the social sciences... Interdisciplinary scholars in philosophy or the social sciences will find this book challenging but ultimately worthwhile." * Choice *

List of Illustrations
xiii
Foreword xv
Preface xix
Acknowledgments xxi
PART I MECHANISMS
1 Explaining Social Change
3(19)
Social Change
3(3)
Explanatory Styles
6(3)
Mental, Neural, and Social Mechanisms
9(2)
Emergence
11(4)
The Social Cognitive-Emotional Workup
15(1)
Applications
16(3)
Summary and Discussion
19(1)
Notes
20(1)
Project
21(1)
2 Mental Mechanisms
22(26)
Cognition and Emotion
22(1)
Brains and Semantic Pointers
23(4)
Images
27(2)
Concepts
29(2)
Beliefs
31(1)
Rules
32(2)
Analogies
34(1)
Emotions
35(2)
Mapping Values
37(3)
Inference and Coherence
40(2)
Emotion-Driven Inferences
42(1)
Summary and Discussion
43(3)
Notes
46(1)
Project
47(1)
3 Social Mechanisms
48(31)
Social Mechanisms and Communication
48(3)
What Are Social Mechanisms?
51(3)
Structural Connections
54(1)
Social Interactions
55(2)
Verbal Communication
57(2)
Nonverbal Communication
59(2)
Interagent Inference
61(1)
Social Mechanisms for Spreading Emotions
62(3)
Multilevel Explanations
65(2)
Change and Emergence
67(3)
Summary and Discussion
70(4)
Notes
74(1)
Project
75(4)
PART II I SOCIAL SCIENCES
4 Social Psychology: Romantic Relationships
79(28)
Relationships Matter
79(1)
Social Cognition and Microsociology
80(1)
Mechanisms in Relationships
81(1)
Murray and Holmes on Interdependent Minds
82(1)
Romantic Relationships: Social Cognitive-Emotional Workup
83(9)
Trust and Commitment
92(2)
Love
94(2)
Romantic Interactions
96(2)
Contrast with Gottman
98(2)
Relationship Success and Failure
100(2)
Does the Heart Want What It Wants?
102(1)
Summary and Discussion
103(2)
Notes
105(1)
Project
106(1)
5 Sociology: Prejudice and Discrimination
107(30)
Discrimination and Prejudice
107(2)
Stereotypes
109(1)
Women: Social Cognitive-Emotional Workup
110(7)
Jews: Social Cognitive-Emotional Workup
117(6)
Social Norms and Institutions
123(4)
Overcoming Prejudice
127(4)
Conceptual Change
131(2)
Summary and Discussion
133(2)
Notes
135(1)
Project
136(1)
6 Politics: Ideology
137(36)
Political Change
137(1)
Political Mechanisms
138(1)
Ideology: Three-Analysis
139(2)
Ideology: Value Maps
141(1)
Ideological Change
142(2)
The Islamic State: Social Cognitive-Emotional Workup
144(20)
Power
164(3)
Summary and Discussion
167(3)
Notes
170(2)
Project
172(1)
7 Economics: Bubbles and Crashes
173(28)
Beyond Animal Spirits
173(2)
Economic Decisions
175(3)
Booms and Bubbles: Social Cognitive-Emotional Workup
178(10)
Panics and Crashes: Social Cognitive-Emotional Workup
188(5)
Mindful Economics
193(3)
Reflexivity
196(1)
Summary and Discussion
197(2)
Notes
199(1)
Project
200(1)
8 Anthropology: Religion
201(27)
Cultures
201(1)
Religion
202(2)
The Latter-Day Saint Religion: Social Cognitive-Emotional Workup
204(13)
Why Is the LDS Church Successful?
217(4)
Why Is Religion Generally So Successful?
221(3)
Summary and Discussion
224(2)
Notes
226(1)
Project
227(1)
9 History and International Relations: War
228(31)
Explaining War
228(1)
History
229(1)
International Relations
230(1)
Nationalism
231(2)
Origins of the First World War: Social Cognitive-Emotional Workup
233(14)
Minds and Groups
247(3)
Historical Explanation
250(1)
Social Cognitivism as a Theory of International Relations
251(2)
Summary and Discussion
253(2)
Notes
255(1)
Project
256(3)
PART III I PROFESSIONS
10 Medicine: Mental Illness
259(33)
Mind, Society, and the Professions
259(1)
Medicine
260(2)
Mental Illness
262(2)
Depression: Social Cognitive-Emotional Workup
264(19)
Depression: Multilevel Mechanisms
283(4)
Treating Depression
287(1)
Summary and Discussion
288(1)
Notes
289(2)
Project
291(1)
11 Law: Wrongful Conviction and Criminal Responsibility
292(26)
Legal Mechanisms
292(2)
Legal Coherence
294(6)
Wrongful Conviction: Social Cognitive-Emotional Workup
300(10)
Explaining Wrongful Convictions
310(1)
The Brain and Legal Responsibility
311(3)
Summary and Discussion
314(1)
Notes
315(2)
Project
317(1)
12 Education: Teaching and Conceptual Change
318(29)
Learning and Teaching
318(3)
Vaccination: Social Cognitive-Emotional Workup
321(19)
Teaching Better
340(1)
Summary and Discussion
341(3)
Notes
344(2)
Project
346(1)
13 Engineering: Creative Design
347(27)
Creative Engineering
347(1)
Steve Jobs and Apple: Social Cognitive-Emotional Workup
348(17)
Engineering Creativity
365(4)
Teaching Creativity
369(2)
Summary and Discussion
371(1)
Notes
372(1)
Project
373(1)
14 Business: Leadership and Marketing
374(35)
Vision
374(1)
Emotional Intelligence
375(4)
Charisma
379(1)
Leadership of Ed Catmull: Social Cognitive-Emotional Workup
380(9)
Marketing and Emotional Coherence
389(1)
Apple's Marketing: Social Cognitive-Emotional Workup
390(10)
Enhancing Collective Emotional Intelligence
400(3)
Summary and Discussion
403(3)
Notes
406(1)
Project
407(2)
References 409(20)
Name Index 429(10)
Subject Index 439
Paul Thagard is a distinguished philosopher and cognitive scientist who has written many books, including The Brain and the Meaning of Life (Princeton University Press, 2010) and The Cognitive Science of Science (MIT Press, 2012). He is a Fellow of the Royal Society of Canada, the Cognitive Science Society, and the Association for Psychological Science.
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