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Modeling of Curves and Surfaces in CAD/CAM Softcover reprint of the original 1st ed. 1992 [Mīkstie vāki]

  • Formāts: Paperback / softback, 350 pages, height x width: 235x155 mm, weight: 575 g, XXI, 350 p., 1 Paperback / softback
  • Sērija : Computer Graphics: Systems and Applications
  • Izdošanas datums: 23-Dec-2011
  • Izdevniecība: Springer-Verlag Berlin and Heidelberg GmbH & Co. K
  • ISBN-10: 3642766005
  • ISBN-13: 9783642766008
  • Mīkstie vāki
  • Cena: 75,00 €
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  • Formāts: Paperback / softback, 350 pages, height x width: 235x155 mm, weight: 575 g, XXI, 350 p., 1 Paperback / softback
  • Sērija : Computer Graphics: Systems and Applications
  • Izdošanas datums: 23-Dec-2011
  • Izdevniecība: Springer-Verlag Berlin and Heidelberg GmbH & Co. K
  • ISBN-10: 3642766005
  • ISBN-13: 9783642766008
1 Aims and Features of This Book The contents of t. his book were originally planned t. o be included in a book en­ titled Geometric lIIodeling and CAD/CAM to be written by M. Hosaka and F. Kimura, but since the draft. of my part of the book was finished much earlier than Kimura's, we decided to publish this part separately at first. In it, geometrically oriented basic methods and tools used for analysis and synthesis of curves and surfaces used in CAD/CAM, various expressions and manipulations of free-form surface patches and their connection, interference as well as their qualit. y eval­ uation are treated. They are important elements and procedures of geometric models. And construction and utilization of geometric models which include free-form surfaces are explained in the application examples, in which the meth­ ods and the techniques described in this book were used. In the succeeding book which Kimura is to write, advanced topics such as data structures of geometric models, non-manifold models, geometric inference as well as tolerance problems and product models, process planning and so on are to be included. Conse­ quently, the title of this book is changed to Modeling of Curves and Surfaces in CAD/CAM. Features of this book are the following. Though there are excellent text books in the same field such as G. Farin's Curves and Surfaces for CAD /CAM[ l] and C. M.

Papildus informācija

Springer Book Archives
1 Excerpts from Vector and Matrix Theory.- 1.1 Introduction.- 1.2
Notations of Vectors and Vector Arithmetic.- 1.3 Product of Vectors.- 1.3.1
Inner Product of Vectors.- 1.3.2 Vector Product.- 1.4 Triple Products.- 1.4.1
Scalar Triple Product.- 1.4.2 Vector Triple Product.- 1.4.3 Application
Examples.- 1.4.4 Oblique Coordinate System.- 1.5 Differentiation of Vectors.-
1.6 Matrix Notations and Simple Arithmetic of Matrices.- 1.7 Products of
Matrices.- 1.7.1 Multiplication of a Vector and a Matrix.- 1.7.2 Product of
Matrices.- 1.8 Square Matrix, Inverse Matrix and Other Related Matrices.- 1.9
Principal Directions and Eigenvalues.- 2 Coordinate Transformations and
Displacements.- 2.1 Introduction.- 2.2 Coordinate Transformation Matrix 1.-
2.3 Calculation of Transformation Matrix.- 2.4 Coordinate Transformation
Matrix 2.- 2.5 Movement and Coordinate Transformations.- 2.6 Application
Examples.- 2.6.1 Successive Rotations in Space.- 2.6.2 Rotation of a Body
Around a Line in Space.- 2.6.3 Calculation of Geometric Constraints.- 2.7
Expressions of Movement of a Body by Reflection.- 2.7.1 Translation.- 2.7.2
Rotation Around an Axis.- 2.7.3 Movement by Four Mirrors.- 2.7.4
Determination of Screw Axis, Rotation Angle and Translation Distance.- 2.7.5
Displacement Matrix S and Mirror Matrix M.- 3 Lines, Planes and Polyhedra.-
3.1 Introduction.- 3.2 Equations of Straight Line and Intersection of Line
Segments.- 3.3 Control Polygons and Menelaus Theorem.- 3.4 Equations of
Plane and Intersection of Line and Plane.- 3.5 Polyhedron and Its Geometric
Properties 1.- 3.6 Polyhedron and Its Geometric Properties 2.- 3.7
Interference of Polyhedra.- 3.8 Local Operations for Deformation of
Polyhedron.- 4 Conics and Quadrics.- 4.1 Introduction.- 4.2 Conics.- 4.2.1
Equation of Conics.- 4.2.2Transformation of Equation.- 4.2.3 Classification
of Conics.- 4.2.4 Intersection of Conics.- 4.3 Quadrics.- 4.3.1 Coordinate
Transformation.- 4.3.2 Classification.- 4.4 Intersection of Two Quadrics.- 5
Theory of Curves.- 5.1 Introduction.- 5.2 Tangent and Curvature of Curve.-
5.3 Binormal and Torsion of Curve.- 5.4 Expressions with Parameter t.- 5.5
Curvature of Space Curve and Its Projection.- 5.6 Implicit Expression of a
Parametric Curve.- 6 Basic Theory of Surfaces.- 6.1 Introduction.- 6.2 The
Basic Vectors and the Fundamental Magnitudes.- 6.3 Normal Section and Normal
Curvature.- 6.4 Principal Curvatures.- 6.5 Principal Directions and Lines of
Curvature.- 6.6 Derivatives of a Unit Normal and Rodrigues Formula.- 6.7
Local Shape of Surface.- 7 Advanced Applications of Theory of Surfaces.- 7.1
Introduction.- 7.2 Umbilics.- 7.3 Characteristic Curves on a Surface 1.-
7.3.1 General Remarks.- 7.3.2 Lines of Curvature.- 7.3.3 Extremum Search
Curves.- 7.3.4 Contour Curves and Their Orthogonal Curves.- 7.3.5
Equi-gradient Curves.- 7.3.6 Silhouette Curve and Silhouette Pattern.- 7.3.7
Highlight Curves.- 7.4 Characteristic Curves on a Surface 2.- 7.4.1 Gradient
Extremum Curves or Ridge-Valley Curves.- 7.4.2 Loci of Zero Gaussian
Curvature and Loci of Extremum Principal Curvatures.- 7.5 Offset Surfaces.-
7.6 Ruled Surfaces.- 8 Curves Through Given Points, Interpolation and
Extrapolation.- 8.1 Introduction.- 8.2 Polynomial and Rational Interpolation
and Extrapolation.- 8.2.1 Lagranges Formula.- 8.2.2 Numerical Methods of
Interpolated Points.- 8.2.3 Rational Function Interpolation and
Extrapolation.- 8.3 Polynomial Interpolation with Constraints of
Derivatives.- 8.4 Elastic Curves with Minimum Energy.- 8.5 Interpolation by
Parametric Curves.- 8.6 Appendix. Derivation ofEquations by Elastic Beam
Analogy.- 9 Bézier Curves and Control Points.- 9.1 Introduction.- 9.2 Curve
Segment and Its Control Points.- 9.3 Bézier Curve and Its Operator Form.- 9.4
Different Expressions of B Curve.- 9.5 Derivatives at Ends of a Segment and
Hodographs.- 9.6 Geometric Properties of B Curve.- 9.7 Division of a Curve
Segment and Its B Polygon.- 9.8 Continuity Conditions of Connection of B
Polygons.- 9.9 Elevation of Degree of a Curve Segment.- 9.10 Expression for a
Surface Patch.- 9.11 Geometric Properties of a Patch.- 9.12 Division and
Degree Elevation of a Patch.- 9.13 Appendix. The Original Form of the Bézier
Curve.- 10 Connection of Bézier Curves and Relation to Spline Polygons.- 10.1
Introduction.- 10.2 Connection of B Curve Segments.- 10.2.1 Scale Ratios.-
10.2.2 Conditions of C(i) Connection.- 10.2.3 C(n-1) Connection and Control
Points.- 10.2.4 Connection Defining Polygon.- 10.3 Introduction of S
Polygon.- 10.3.1 Locating B Points from an S Polygon.- 10.3.2 Increase of
Vertices of an S Polygon.- 10.4 B points under Geometric Connecting Condition
G(2).- 10.5 Curvature Profile Problem in Design.- 10.5.1 Geometric
interpretation of Dividing Ratios.- 10.5.2 Control of Curvature Distribution
of Connected Curves.- 11 Connection of Bézier Patches and Geometry of Spline
Polygons and Nets.- 11.1 Introduction.- 11.2 Spline Nets and Connected Bézier
Nets.- 11.2.1 Tensor Product Surfaces.- 11.2.2 Division of an S Net.- 11.3
Geometric Structure of S Polygons.- 11.4 Menelaus Edges and Their Dividing
Points.- 11.4.1 Dividing Points and Sub-edges.- 11.4.2 Relations Among
Dividing Points and Menelaus Edges.- 11.5 Derivation of B Polygons from an S
Polygon.- 11.5.1 Reduced S Polygons.- 11.5.2 Examples.- 11.5.3 Locating B
Polygons from Reduced-Truncated SPolygons.- 11.5.4 Division of an S Polygon
and Insertion of a Vertex.- 11.6 General Formulas for Locations of B Points.-
11.6.1 Rules of Location Symbols of B Points and Their Properties.- 11.6.1.1
Level of Menelaus Edges and Dividing Points.- 11.6.1.2 Symbols for Location
of Control Points.- 11.6.2 General Expressions of B Point Locations.-
11.6.2.1 Application of Location Symbols.- 11.6.2.2 Formulas for Location
Symbols.- 11.6.2.3 Level of Edges of a B Polygon.- 11.7 Appendix. Orthodox
Approach to a B Spline Curve.- 12 Rational Bézier and Spline Expressions.-
12.1 Introduction.- 12.2 Rational Bézier Curves.- 12.2.1 Rational Division
Between Two Points and Its Perspective Map.- 12.2.2 Rational Bézier Curves
and Their Canonical Perspectives.- 12.2.3 Effects of Weights.- 12.2.4
Division and Degree Elevation.- 12.2.5 Derivatives at Ends of a Segment.-
12.3 Rational Bézier Patches.- 12.4 Rational Splines.- 12.4.1 Rational B
Polygons from a Rational S Polygon.- 12.4.2 G(2) Connection of Curves from a
Rational S Polygon.- 12.5 Rational Spline Nets and Bézier Nets.- 12.6
Expressions for Conics.- 12.6.1 Conversion to an Implicit Form.- 12.6.2
Classification by Weight.- 12.6.3 Sphere and Surface of Revolution.- 12.7
Interpolation and Extrapolation with Conics.- 12.7.1 Weight of a Control
Point and Parameter Values.- 12.7.2 Division of a Rational Polygon.- 12.7.3
Extension of a Curve Segment.- 12.7.4 Distance Between a Conic and a Point
Near It.- 12.7.5 Curve Fitting by Conics.- 13 Non-regular Connections of
Four-Sided Patches and Roundings of Corners.- 13.1 Introduction.- 13.2
General C(1) Connection of B Patches.- 13.3 Example of Closed Surface of
Minimum Number of Patches.- 13.4 Three or Five-Sided Patch in Regular Patch
Nets.- 13.4.1 Rounding of a Convex Region.-13.4.2 Rounding of a
Convex-Concave Mixed Region 1.- 13.5 Rounding of a Convex-Conecave Mixed
Region 2.- 13.6 Rounding with a Rolling Ball.- 13.7 Appendix.- 13.7.1
Connection in a Triangular Region: General Case.- 13.7.2 Connection of a
Pentagonal Region: General Case.- 14 Connections of Patches by Blending.-
14.1 Introduction.- 14.2 Coons Patch.- 14.3 Independent Boundary
Conditions.- 14.3.1 Blending by Weighted Sum.- 14.3.2 Two-Valued Twist
Vectors and Floating Inner Control Points.- 14.4 Correction of Cross-Boundary
Tangent Vectors.- 14.4.1 Connection of Four-Sided Patches.- 14.4.2 Evaluation
and Comparison of Methods.- 14.4.3 Three-Sided Patches.- 14.5 Case of C(2)
Connection.- 14.5.1 Four-Sided Patches.- 14.5.2 Three-Sided Patches.- 15
Triangular Surface Patches and Their Connection.- 15.1 Introduction.- 15.2
Operator Form of a Triangular Patch.- 15.2.1 Triangular Bézier Patches.-
15.2.2 Rational Triangular Patches.- 15.2.3 Tangents on Patch Boundaries.-
15.3 C(1) Connection of Triangular Patches.- 15.4 Arbitrary Connection of
Three-Sided Patches.- 15.5 Division of a Triangular Patch.- 15.6 Elevation of
Degree.- 16 Surface Intersections.- 16.1 Introduction.- 16.2 Intersection of
a Curved Surface and a Plane.- 16.2.1 General Remarks.- 16.2.2 A Practical
Method of Obtaining a Point on an IntersectionCurve.- 16.2.3 Curve Tracing by
Differential Equation Solving.- 16.3 Points on Intersection of Two Curved
Surfaces.- 16.3.1 General Remarks.- 16.3.2 Method with an Auxiliary Plane.-
16.3.3 Initial Starting Points and Critical Contact Points.- 16.3.3.1
Detection of Intersection Loops.- 16.3.3.2 Critical Points.- 16.4
Intersection Curves Described by Differential Equations.- 16.4.1 Both
Surfaces with Parametric Expressions.- 16.4.2 Surfaces with Implicit and
ParametricExpressions.- 16.4.3 Both Surfaces with Implicit Expressions.- 16.5
Intersection Near a Probable Singular Point.- 16.6 Intersection of Offset
Surfaces.- 16.6.1 Intersection with a Plane.- 16.6.2 Intersection of Two
Offset Surfaces.- 16.6.2.1 Two Parametric Surfaces.- 16.6.2.2 A Parametric
Surface and a Surface of Implicit Form.- 16.6.2.3 Two Surfaces with Implicit
Expressions.- 17 Applications of the Theories in Industry.- 17.1
Introduction.- 17.2 Engineering Drawings and Geometric Models.- 17.3 Examples
of Integration.- 17.3.1 Conventional processes.- 17.3.2 New Integrated
Processes.- 17.4 Style Design System.- 17.4.1 Importance of Shape Design.-
17.4.2 Two Aspects of Style Design.- 17.4.3 Computer-Aided Style Design.-
17.4.3.1 Input of Simplified Drawings.- 17.4.3.2 Classes and Types of
Surfaces in Style Design of Motor Cars.- 17.4.3.3 Evaluation of Curve and
Surface Quality.- 17.4.4 Die-Face Design System.- 17.5 CAD/CAM of Free-Form
Injection-Mold Products.- Appendix. Numerical Methods of Differential
Equation Solving.- A.1 Introduction.- A.2 Adaptive Runge-Kutta Method.- A.2.1
Runge-Kutta Step.- A.2.2 Runge-Kutta with Quality Control.- A.2.3
Runge-Kutta-Fehlberg Method.- A.3 Variable Stepsize Predictor-Corrector
Method.- A.4 Bulirsch-Stoer Method.- A.4.1 Principle of the Method.- A.4.2
Outline of the Procedures.- A.4.3 Integration Procedure.- A.4.4 Polynomial
Extrapolation.- A.4.5 Rational Extrapolation.- A.5 Examples and Evaluation.