Preface |
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xi | |
Introduction |
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1 | (4) |
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5 | (12) |
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5 | (2) |
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Scientific Method: What Is It? |
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7 | (1) |
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Further Observations on the Scientific Method |
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8 | (2) |
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10 | (1) |
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Public (Objective) and Private (Subjective) Knowledge |
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11 | (1) |
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The Role of Doubt in Doing Science |
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11 | (1) |
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Evidence: Its use and Avoidance |
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12 | (1) |
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Metaphysics and its Relation to Science |
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12 | (1) |
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Objectivity, Advocacy, and Bias |
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13 | (1) |
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14 | (3) |
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17 | (16) |
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17 | (3) |
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Model Attributes: A New Taxonomy |
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20 | (5) |
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Examples of Models in Terms of the Attributes |
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25 | (2) |
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Why Make the Effort to Model? |
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27 | (1) |
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Attribute Considerations in Making Models Useful |
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27 | (3) |
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30 | (1) |
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31 | (2) |
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3 Important Distinctions in Modeling |
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33 | (8) |
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Objective and Subjective Models |
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33 | (2) |
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Simple and Complex Models |
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35 | (1) |
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Descriptive and Prescriptive (Normative) Models |
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36 | (1) |
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Static and Dynamic Models |
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36 | (1) |
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Deterministic and Probabilistic Models |
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36 | (1) |
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37 | (1) |
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Some Philosophical Perspectives |
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38 | (3) |
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4 Forms of Representation |
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41 | (10) |
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41 | (1) |
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42 | (2) |
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44 | (1) |
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45 | (1) |
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46 | (2) |
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Crisp Versus Fuzzy Logic (see also Appendix, Section "Mathematics of Fuzzy Logic") |
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48 | (2) |
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Symbolic Statements and Statistical Inference (see also Appendix, Section "Mathematics of Statistical Inference From Evidence") |
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50 | (1) |
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51 | (18) |
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Information Communication (see also Appendix, Section "Mathematics of Information Communication") |
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51 | (2) |
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Information Value (see also Appendix, Section "Mathematics of Information Value") |
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53 | (1) |
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Logarithmic-Like Psychophysical Scales |
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54 | (1) |
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Perception Process (see also Appendix, Section "Mathematics of the Brunswik/Kirlik Perception Model") |
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54 | (1) |
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55 | (1) |
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Visual Sampling (see also Appendix, Section "Mathematics of How Often to Sample") |
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56 | (2) |
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Signal Detection (see also Appendix, Section "Mathematics of Signal Detection") |
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58 | (1) |
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59 | (1) |
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Mental Workload (see also Appendix, Section "Research Questions Concerning Mental Workload") |
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60 | (4) |
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Experiencing What is Virtual: New Demands for Human-System Modeling (see also Appendix, Section "Behavior Research Issues in Virtual Reality") |
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64 | (5) |
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6 Analyzing the Information |
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69 | (8) |
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69 | (1) |
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70 | (2) |
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Valuation/Utility (see also Appendix, Section "Mathematics of Human Judgment of Utility") |
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72 | (1) |
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73 | (1) |
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73 | (1) |
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73 | (2) |
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75 | (2) |
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77 | (6) |
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77 | (1) |
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Decision Under Condition of Certainty (see also Appendix, Section "Mathematics of Decisions Under Certainty") |
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78 | (1) |
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Decision Under Condition of Uncertainty (see also Appendix, Section "Mathematics of Decisions Under Uncertainty") |
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79 | (1) |
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Competitive Decisions: Game Models (see also Appendix "Mathematics of Game Models") |
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79 | (1) |
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Order of Subtask Execution |
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80 | (3) |
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8 Implementing and Evaluating the Action |
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83 | (12) |
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83 | (1) |
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Time to Make an Accurate Movement |
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84 | (1) |
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Continuous Feedback Control (see also Appendix, Section "Mathematics of Continuous Feedback Control") |
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85 | (2) |
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Looking Ahead (Preview Control) (see also Appendix, Section "Mathematics of Preview Control") |
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87 | (1) |
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88 | (1) |
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Control by Continuously Updating an Internal Model (see also Appendix, Section "Stepping Through the Kalman Filter System") |
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88 | (2) |
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Expectation of Team Response Time |
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90 | (1) |
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91 | (4) |
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9 Human-Automation Interaction |
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95 | (10) |
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Human-Automation Allocation |
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95 | (1) |
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96 | (2) |
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98 | (3) |
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Adaptive/Adaptable Control |
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101 | (1) |
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Model-Based Failure Detection |
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102 | (3) |
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105 | (10) |
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105 | (1) |
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Background of Research on Mental Models |
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106 | (2) |
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108 | (2) |
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Lattice Characterization of a Mental Model |
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110 | (2) |
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Neuronal Packet Network as a Model of Understanding |
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112 | (1) |
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Modeling of Aircraft Pilot Decision-Making Under Time Stress |
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113 | (1) |
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Mutual Compatibility of Mental, Display, Control, and Computer Models |
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114 | (1) |
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11 Can Cognitive Engineering Modeling Contribute to Modeling Large-Scale Socio-Technical Systems? |
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115 | (14) |
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115 | (1) |
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What Large-Scale Social Systems are we Talking About? |
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116 | (4) |
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120 | (2) |
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Potential of Feedback Control Modeling of Large-Scale Societal Systems |
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122 | (1) |
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The STAMP Model for Assessing Errors in Large-Scale Systems |
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122 | (1) |
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Past World Modeling Efforts |
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123 | (1) |
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Toward Broader Participation |
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124 | (5) |
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129 | (30) |
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Mathematics of Fuzzy Logic |
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129 | (2) |
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Mathematics of Statistical Inference from Evidence |
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131 | (1) |
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Mathematics of Information Communication |
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132 | (2) |
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Mathematics of Information Value |
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134 | (1) |
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Mathematics of the Brunswik/Kirlik Perception Model |
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135 | (1) |
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Mathematics of How Often to Sample |
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136 | (2) |
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Mathematics of Signal Detection |
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138 | (3) |
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Research Questions Concerning Mental Workload |
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141 | (3) |
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Behavior Research Issues in Virtual Reality |
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144 | (2) |
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Mathematics of Human Judgment of Utility |
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146 | (1) |
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Mathematics of Decisions Under Certainty |
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147 | (2) |
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Mathematics of Decisions Under Uncertainty |
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149 | (1) |
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Mathematics of Game Models |
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150 | (2) |
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Mathematics of Continuous Feedback Control |
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152 | (1) |
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Mathematics of Preview Control |
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153 | (1) |
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Stepping Through the Kalman Filter System |
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154 | (5) |
References |
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159 | (8) |
Index |
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167 | |