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E-grāmata: Modern Written Arabic: A Comprehensive Grammar 2nd edition [Taylor & Francis e-book]

, (Honorary Professor at Sydney University, Australia), (The University of Melbourne, Australia)
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Modern Written Arabic: A Comprehensive Grammar 2nd editionPalielināt
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Modern Written Arabic: A Comprehensive Grammar is a complete reference guide to Arabic grammar.

The Grammar presents a fresh and accessible description of the language, concentrating on the real patterns of use in contemporary written Arabic. Data is taken from actual written Arabic, both literary and non-literary, observed or published since 1990. Sources range from street signs to high literature.

This comprehensive work is an invaluable resource for anyone at the intermediate to advanced level, from students through to teachers and linguists. It is ideal for use in colleges, universities and adult classes of all types.

The volume is organized to promote a thorough understanding of Arabic grammar. It offers a stimulating analysis of the complexities of the language, and provides full and clear explanations.

Features include:











detailed treatment of the common grammatical structures and parts of speech





extensive exemplification





particular attention to areas of confusion and difficulty











Arabic-English parallels highlighted throughout the book





an extensive index and numbered paragraphs for ease-of-reference

Elsaid Badawi was Professor of Arabic Language and Linguistics at the American University in Cairo. Michael G. Carter is Honorary Professor at Sydney University. Adrian Gully is an Independent Professional Interpreter and Translator. Maher Awad is Senior Lecturer of Arabic at Rice University.
Acknowledgements xi
List of abbreviations xii
Transliteration system xiii
Introduction 1(9)
Readership
1(1)
Issues of definition
2(1)
Principles of the book
2(2)
Data, sources and principles of selection
4(1)
Relationship to other works
5(1)
Transliteration
6(1)
Presentation
7(1)
Translation
8(1)
Technical matters
8(1)
Arrangement and use
9(1)
1 Forms 10(110)
1.0 Introduction
10(1)
1.1 Phonology
11(2)
1.2 Orthography
13(13)
1.3 Punctuation
26(3)
1.4 Morphology
29(7)
1.5 Inflection
36(7)
1.6 Uninflected words: particles
43(8)
1.7 Uninflected and partially inflected nominals
51(5)
1.8 Inflected classes
56(13)
1.9 Verb morphology
69(20)
1.10 Derived stems
89(16)
1.11 Noun patterns, deverbals
105(2)
1.12 Morphosyntactic categories: number, gender, definiteness, case, agreement
107(13)
2 Noun phrase structure 120(227)
2.0 Noun phrase, general characterization
120(1)
2.1 Adjectival qualification
121(23)
2.2 Apposition
144(8)
2.3 Annexation
152(15)
2.4 Dependent elements
167(20)
2.5 Adverbs and adverbials
187(14)
2.6 Prepositions
201(25)
2.7 Prepositionals
226(24)
2.8 Emphasizers
250(4)
2.9 Nominal determiners
254(15)
2.10 Verbal noun and participial phrases
269(11)
2.11 Comparatives and superlatives
280(10)
2.12 Cardinal numbers
290(17)
2.13 Ordinal numbers
307(3)
2.14 Miscellaneous numerical items
310(15)
2.15 Vocatives
325(4)
2.16 Exclamations
329(3)
2.17 Oaths and exclamations
332(1)
2.18 Negative nouns
333(2)
2.19 Coordination (phrasal)
335(9)
2.20 Other phrasal units
344(3)
3 The basic sentence 347(174)
3.0 Introduction
347(1)
3.1 Equational sentence
348(14)
3.2 Equational sentence modifiers
362(8)
3.3 Topic-comment sentences
370(12)
3.4 Anticipatory pronoun
382(1)
3.5 Separating pronoun
383(6)
3.6 Negative equational sentences
389(1)
3.7 Verbal sentence
390(8)
3.8 Verbal agreement in number and gender
398(8)
3.9 Agent emphasis
406(4)
3.10 Aspect and tense
410(10)
3.11 Transitivity and intransitivity
420(13)
3.12 Passive verbs
433(7)
3.13 Reflexive verbs
440(2)
3.14 Reciprocity
442(3)
3.15 Impersonal, auxiliary and modal verbs
445(6)
3.16 kana 'be'
451(7)
3.17 Verbs of becoming and duration
458(10)
3.18 Verbs of existence
468(2)
3.19 Verbs of non-existence
470(2)
3.20 Verbs denoting 'can', 'be able', 'want'
472(3)
3.21 Verbs denoting 'again', 'still', 'nearly', 'hardly', 'almost'
475(6)
3.22 Verbs of beginning and continuing
481(4)
3.23 Other compound verbs and idiomatic structures
485(5)
3.24 Miscellaneous verb phrases and structures
490(5)
3.25 Optatives
495(2)
3.26 Energetic form and oaths
497(1)
3.27 Exclamatory verbs
498(6)
3.28 Exclamatory sentences with wa-, rubba and other interrogatives
504(3)
3.29 Dependent noun objects and complements
507(8)
3.30 Restrictives
515(3)
3.31 'ida and 'id of surprise
518(3)
4 Negatives 521(28)
4.0 Introduction
521(1)
4.1 Nominal sentences
521(6)
4.2 Negatives in verbal sentences
527(14)
4.3 Negative of kana
541(2)
4.4 Prohibitions
543(1)
4.5 Optatives
543(1)
4.6 Exceptives
544(1)
4.7 Resumptive negatives
544(2)
4.8 Negative interrogative sentences
546(1)
4.9 Calque 'not only... but also'
546(3)
5 Adjectival and relative clauses 549(54)
5.0 General principles
549(6)
5.1 Relative clauses with indefinite heads
555(4)
5.2 Relative clauses with definite heads
559(7)
5.3 Nominal relative clauses
566(1)
5.4 The indefinite pronouns man 'he who' and ma 'that which'
567(9)
5.5 Idiomatic combinations
576(2)
5.6 Further functions of relative ma
578(3)
5.7 Idiomatic combinations of relative ma with prepositionals
581(3)
5.8 Quasi-compounds with relative ma as the second element
584(2)
5.9 Compound subordinating conjunctions with ma and a preposition(al)
586(17)
6 Coordinated sentences 603(39)
6.0 Introduction
603(1)
6.1 Asyndetic coordination
604(2)
6.2 Syndetic coordination
606(10)
6.3 With fa- J 'and so', 'and then'
616(6)
6.4 With tumma
622(2)
6.5 With lakin(na) 'but'
624(2)
6.6 With bal J.
626(3)
6.7 With 'aw 91 and 'am ri 'or'
629(2)
6.8 With 'imma Lol
631(2)
6.9 With la- siyyamci Lam,, y 'especially'
633(1)
6.10 With sawa'un... 'a, 'am, or 'aw... 'it is the same
634(2)
6.11 With hatta 'even'
636(1)
6.12 Negative coordinating conjunctions
637(5)
7 Subordination 642(67)
7.0 General principles
642(1)
7.1 Classification of subordinate clauses
642(2)
7.2 Nominalized and non-nominalized clauses
644(3)
7.3 Circumstantial qualifiers
647(9)
7.4 Final subordinate syndetic verbal clauses
656(1)
7.5 'an, and 'anna
657(30)
7.6 Further simple subordinators
687(19)
7.7 Comparative subordinators
706(1)
7.8 Annexation of temporal and locative adverbs to sentences
707(2)
8 Conditionals 709(39)
8.0 General conditional syntax
709(2)
8.1 'in 'if'
711(8)
8.2 law... la-... 'if [ only]'
719(8)
8.3 'ida 'if', 'when'
727(12)
8.4 Elliptical conditional wa-illa 'if not', 'if it is not the case'
739(1)
8.5 Indefinite conditionals
740(6)
8.6 Concessive clauses
746(1)
8.7 Conditionals in reported speech
747(1)
9 Exceptives 748(15)
9.0 General principles
748(2)
9.1 istitna' mufarrag 'exception without antecedent'
750(2)
9.2 istitnee muttasil 'continuous exception': positive
752(1)
9.3 istitnd' muttasil 'continuous exception': negative
752(1)
9.4 Inter-clausal 'illa
753(6)
9.5 Other exceptive elements
759(4)
10 Interrogatives, indirect speech 763(40)
10.0 Introduction
763(1)
10.1 Questions with 'a-
764(4)
10.2 Questions with hal
768(2)
10.3 man 'who'
770(2)
10.4 ma 'what'
772(2)
10.5 ma in shortened form
774(2)
10.6 'ayyu 'which?', 'what?'
776(1)
10.7 kam 'how much?', 'how many?'
777(1)
10.8 'ayna 'where?'
778(1)
10.9 kayfa 'how?'
779(1)
10.10 mata 'when?'
779(1)
10.11 'anna 'how?'
780(1)
10.12 Answers to questions
780(2)
10.13 Rhetorical questions
782(8)
10.14 Direct speech
790(1)
10.15 Indirect speech
790(3)
10.16 Indirect questions
793(1)
10.17 Indirect yes-no questions
794(2)
10.18 Indirect questions with man ma
796(4)
10.19 'ida etc. in yes-no indirect questions
800(2)
10.20 sawa'un with indirect question syntax
802(1)
11 Hypersentence and discourse 803(19)
11.0 Introduction
803(1)
11.1 With resumptive fa-
803(5)
11.2 With wa- 'and'
808(2)
11.3 wa-'illa fa- 'otherwise'
810(1)
11.4 Parenthetical phrases and clauses
811(1)
11.5 Cohesive reiteration
812(1)
11.6 Explanation (tafsir)
813(1)
11.7 Issues of style
814(6)
11.8 Idioms involving repetition
820(2)
12 Lexicon 822(32)
12.0 Introduction
822(1)
12.1 Loan words
823(3)
12.2 Adjectival suffix -i (nisba)
826(3)
12.3 Adjectival suffix -awi, -awi
829(3)
12.4 Nouns with suffix -iyya
832(2)
12.5 Compound structures
834(3)
12.6 Negative compound nouns and adjectives
837(2)
12.7 Compound adjectives
839(7)
12.8 Extension of existing verbal patterns
846(2)
12.9 Morphological innovations
848(1)
12.10 Plurals
849(3)
12.11 Lexical innovations
852(1)
12.12 Semantic changes
852(2)
Bibliography 854(3)
Glossary 857(8)
Arabic index 865(7)
Index 872
Elsaid Badawi was Professor of Arabic Language and Linguistics at the American University in Cairo. Michael G. Carter is Honorary Professor at Sydney University. Adrian Gully is an Independent Professional Interpreter and Translator. Maher Awad is Senior Lecturer of Arabic at Rice University.

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