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E-grāmata: Nanohertz Gravitational Wave Astronomy [Taylor & Francis e-book]

  • Formāts: 160 pages, 3 Tables, black and white; 21 Line drawings, black and white; 1 Halftones, black and white; 22 Illustrations, black and white
  • Izdošanas datums: 24-Nov-2021
  • Izdevniecība: CRC Press
  • ISBN-13: 9781003240648
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  • Taylor & Francis e-book
  • Cena: 231,23 €*
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  • Standarta cena: 330,33 €
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Nanohertz Gravitational Wave AstronomyPalielināt
  • Formāts: 160 pages, 3 Tables, black and white; 21 Line drawings, black and white; 1 Halftones, black and white; 22 Illustrations, black and white
  • Izdošanas datums: 24-Nov-2021
  • Izdevniecība: CRC Press
  • ISBN-13: 9781003240648
Citas grāmatas par šo tēmu:
Taylor & Francis e-booksMore info about Taylor & Francis e-books
Rokasgrāmatas mājas lapa: https://www.taylorfrancis.com/books/9781003240648
Nanohertz Gravitational Wave Astronomy explores the exciting hunt for low frequency gravitational waves by using the extraordinary timing precision of pulsars. The book takes the reader on a tour across the expansive gravitational-wave landscape, from LIGO detections to the search for polarization patterns in the Cosmic Microwave Background, then hones in on the band of nanohertz frequencies that Pulsar Timing Arrays (PTAs) are sensitive to. Within this band may lie many pairs of the most massive black holes in the entire Universe, all radiating in chorus to produce a background of gravitational waves. The book shows how such extra-Galactic gravitational waves can alter the arrival times of radio pulses emanating from monitored Galactic pulsars, and how we can use the pattern of correlated timing deviations from many pulsars to tease out the elusive signal.

The book takes a pragmatic approach to data analysis, explaining how it is performed in practice within classical and Bayesian statistics, as well as the numerous strategies one can use to optimize numerical Bayesian searches in PTA analyses. It closes with a complete discussion of the data model for nanohertz gravitational wave searches, and an overview of the past achievements, present efforts, and future prospects for PTAs.

The book is accessible to upper division undergraduate students and graduate students of astronomy, and also serves as a useful desk reference for experts in the field.

Key features:











Contains a complete derivation of the pulsar timing response to gravitational waves, and the overlap reduction function for PTAs.





Presents a comprehensive overview of source astrophysics, and the dynamical influences that shape the gravitational wave signals that PTAs are sensitive to.





Serves as a detailed primer on gravitational-wave data analysis and numerical Bayesian techniques for PTAs.
Preface ix
About the Author xi
Chapter 1 A Window onto the Warped Universe
1(4)
Chapter 2 Gravity & Gravitational Waves
5(30)
2.1 Gravity Before and After Einstein
5(4)
2.1.1 Standing on the Shoulders of Giants
5(1)
2.1.2 The Happiest Thought
6(3)
2.2 Gravitational Waves
9(7)
2.2.1 A Brief History of Doubt
9(3)
2.2.2 Waves from Geometry
12(2)
2.2.2.1 The Quadrupole Formula
14(2)
2.3 Stochastic Gravitational Wave Backgrounds
16(4)
2.3.1 The Energy Density of a SGWB
17(1)
2.3.2 Characteristic Strain
18(1)
2.3.3 Spectrum of the Strain Signal
19(1)
2.3.4 Overlap Reduction Function
20(1)
2.4 The Gravitational Wave Spectrum
20(15)
2.4.1 Ground-based Detectors
21(3)
2.4.2 Space-borne Detectors
24(11)
Chapter 3 Pulsar Timing
35(18)
3.1 Pulsars
35(2)
3.2 Precision Pulsar Timing
37(4)
3.3 Timing Response to Gravitational Waves
41(2)
3.4 Overlap Reduction Function for a Back-Ground of Gravitational Waves
43(10)
Chapter 4 Sources & Signals
53(34)
4.1 Supermassive Binary Black Holes
53(13)
4.1.1 Characteristic Strain Spectrum
54(2)
4.1.2 Binary Dynamical Evolution
56(1)
4.1.2.1 Dynamical Friction
57(1)
4.1.2.2 Stellar Loss-cone Scattering
57(2)
4.1.2.3 Viscous Circumbinary Disk Interaction
59(1)
4.1.2.4 Gravitational-wave Inspiral
59(1)
4.1.3 Signal from an Individual Binary
60(5)
4.1.4 Gravitational-wave Memory Burst
65(1)
4.2 Exotic Gravitational Wave Sources
66(3)
4.2.1 Relic GWs
67(1)
4.2.2 Cosmological Phase Transitions
67(1)
4.2.3 Cosmic strings
68(1)
4.3 Non-Gw Sources of Correlated Timing Delays
69(18)
4.3.1 Clock errors
69(1)
4.3.2 Solar-system Ephemeris Errors
70(1)
4.3.3 Dark Matter
71(1)
4.3.3.1 Cold dark Matter Substructure
71(1)
4.3.3.2 Fuzzy Dark Matter
72(15)
Chapter 5 Data Analysis
87(12)
5.1 Statistical Inference
87(2)
5.2 Frequentist Inference
89(2)
5.2.1 Significance
89(1)
5.2.2 Type I & II Errors
89(2)
5.2.3 Upper Limits
91(1)
5.3 Bayesian Inference
91(8)
5.3.1 Parameter Estimation
92(1)
5.3.2 Upper Limits
93(2)
5.3.3 Model Selection
95(1)
5.3.3.1 In-sample Model Selection
95(1)
5.3.3.2 Out-of-Sample Model Selection
96(3)
Chapter 6 Numerical Bayesian Techniques
99(16)
6.1 Metropolis Algorithms
100(5)
6.1.1 How Long to Sample?
101(2)
6.1.2 How to Propose New Parameters?
103(1)
6.1.2.1 Adaptive Metropolis
104(1)
6.1.2.2 Single Component Adaptive Metropolis
104(1)
6.1.2.3 Differential Evolution
104(1)
6.1.2.4 The Full Proposal Cocktail
105(1)
6.2 Gibbs Sampling
105(1)
6.3 Evidence Evaluation and Model Selection
106(9)
6.3.1 Harmonic Mean Estimator
106(1)
6.3.2 Information Criterion Proxies
107(1)
6.3.2.1 Bayesian Information Criterion
107(1)
6.3.2.2 Akaike Information Criterion
107(1)
6.3.3 Thermodynamic Integration
108(1)
6.3.4 Nested sampling
109(1)
6.3.5 Savage-Dickey density ratio
110(1)
6.3.6 Product Space Sampling
111(4)
Chapter 7 The PTA Likelihood
115(28)
7.1 The Pulsar-Timing Data Model
116(8)
7.1.1 Timing Ephemeris
116(2)
7.1.2 Achromatic Low-frequency Processes
118(2)
7.1.3 Chromatic Low-frequency Processes
120(2)
7.1.4 White Noise
122(2)
7.2 The Likelihood
124(6)
7.2.1 Full hierarchical Likelihood
126(2)
7.2.2 Marginalized Likelihood
128(2)
7.2.3 Modeling Deterministic Signals
130(1)
7.3 Likelihood-Based Statistics
130(13)
7.3.1 GWB Statistics
130(1)
7.3.1.1 Optimal Statistic
130(4)
7.3.1.2 Bridging the Bayesian Odds Ratio and the Frequentist Optimal statistic
134(1)
7.3.2 Individual Binary Statistics
134(1)
7.3.2.1 Fe Statistic
134(2)
7.3.2.2 Fp Statistic
136(7)
Chapter 8 The Past, Present, and Future of PTAs
143(12)
Index 155
Stephen R. Taylor is an Assistant Professor of Physics & Astronomy at Vanderbilt University in Nashville, Tennessee. Born and raised in Lisburn, Northern Ireland, he went on to read Physics at Jesus College, Oxford from 2006-2010, and earned his PhD from the Institute of Astronomy at the University of Cambridge in 2014. His positions have included a NASA Postdoctoral Fellowship at NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory, and a NANOGrav Senior Postdoctoral Fellowship at the California Institute of Technology in Pasadena, California. He currently lives in Nashville with his wife Erika and cat Olive.
Permanent link: https://www.kriso.lv/db/9781003240648_pe.html
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