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1 Mechanisms of Nanoporous Alumina Formation and Self-organized Growth |
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1 | (30) |
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2 | (1) |
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1.2 Types of Anodic Aluminum Oxides (AAO) Membranes |
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2 | (3) |
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1.2.1 Nonporous AAO Membranes |
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2 | (1) |
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1.2.2 Porous AAO Membranes |
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3 | (2) |
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1.3 Unit Cell Structure of Porous AAO Membranes |
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5 | (4) |
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1.3.1 Unit Cell Structure |
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6 | (1) |
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1.3.2 Chemical Composition of Unit Cell |
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7 | (2) |
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1.4 Chemical Reactions During the Steady-State Growth of Porous AAO Membranes |
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9 | (4) |
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1.5 Steady-State Anodization |
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13 | (7) |
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13 | (2) |
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15 | (2) |
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1.5.3 The Maximum Anodization Voltage and the Breakdown Process |
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17 | (3) |
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1.6 Unsteady-State Anodization |
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20 | (4) |
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1.6.1 Rule of Branched Channel Growth |
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20 | (1) |
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1.6.2 Competitive Growth Process |
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21 | (3) |
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1.7 Microstructural Morphologies of Porous AAO |
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24 | (4) |
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28 | (3) |
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29 | (2) |
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2 Theoretical Pore Growth Models for Nanoporous Alumina |
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31 | (30) |
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2.1 Introduction of Nanoporous Alumina |
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31 | (4) |
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2.2 Review of Pore Growth Models |
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35 | (3) |
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2.2.1 Electric Field Assisted Pore Growth |
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35 | (2) |
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2.2.2 Mechanical Stress Assisted Pore Growth |
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37 | (1) |
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2.3 A Kinetics Model for Pore Channel Growth in Nanoporous Alumina |
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38 | (12) |
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2.3.1 Electric Potential Distribution Within AAO |
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39 | (3) |
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42 | (6) |
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2.3.3 Interface Movement Equations |
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48 | (2) |
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2.4 Simulation Results and Discussion |
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50 | (5) |
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55 | (1) |
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55 | (6) |
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55 | (6) |
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3 Synthesis of Nanoporous Anodic Alumina by Anodic Oxidation of Low Purity Aluminum Substrates |
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61 | (46) |
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61 | (4) |
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3.2 Synthesis of Porous Alumina on Low Purity Al Substrates |
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65 | (27) |
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3.2.1 Al Substrate Pre-treatment |
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65 | (3) |
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3.2.2 Anodic Alumina Growth |
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68 | (24) |
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3.3 Practical Applications of AAO from Low Purity Substrates |
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92 | (15) |
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3.3.1 Template-Assisted Fabrication of Nanowire Arrays |
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92 | (2) |
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3.3.2 Nanoporous Capsules for Biofiltration and Drug Delivery |
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94 | (1) |
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3.3.3 Coloring of the Anodic Film |
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95 | (2) |
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97 | (1) |
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3.3.5 Fabrication of Superhydrophobic Surfaces |
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98 | (1) |
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3.3.6 Large Scale Fabrication of Nanostructured Low-Cost Aluminum Foil |
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98 | (3) |
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101 | (6) |
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4 Structural Engineering of Porous Anodic Aluminum Oxide (AAO) and Applications |
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107 | (48) |
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108 | (1) |
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4.2 Structure of Porous Anodic Aluminum Oxide (AAO) and Its Formation |
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109 | (3) |
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4.3 Self-ordered Porous Anodic Aluminum Oxide (AAO) |
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112 | (6) |
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4.3.1 Mild Anodization (MA) |
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112 | (3) |
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4.3.2 Hard Anodization (HA) |
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115 | (3) |
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4.4 Structural Engineering of Porous AAO |
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118 | (26) |
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4.4.1 Microstructuring of Porous AAO |
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118 | (1) |
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4.4.2 Control of the Arrangement and Shape of the Pores |
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119 | (2) |
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4.4.3 Engineering of the Internal Pore Structure |
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121 | (23) |
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144 | (11) |
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145 | (10) |
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5 Soft and Hard Surface Manipulation of Nanoporous Anodic Aluminum Oxide (AAO) |
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155 | (30) |
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Anisah Shafiqah Habiballah |
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155 | (21) |
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156 | (9) |
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165 | (11) |
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176 | (9) |
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177 | (8) |
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6 Optical Properties of Nanoporous Anodic Alumina and Derived Applications |
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185 | (34) |
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185 | (1) |
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6.2 Interaction of Light with Porous Anodic Aluminum Oxide |
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186 | (11) |
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6.2.1 Anodic Aluminum Oxide: The Host Material |
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186 | (2) |
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6.2.2 Porous Anodic Aluminum Oxide as an Effective Medium |
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188 | (4) |
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6.2.3 Photonic Properties: Interaction of Light with p-AAO Nanostructure |
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192 | (5) |
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6.3 Applications Based on the Optical Properties of Porous Anodic Aluminum Oxide |
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197 | (12) |
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6.3.1 Waveguides Based on Porous Anodic Aluminum Oxide |
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198 | (2) |
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6.3.2 Porous Anodic Aluminum Oxide for Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy Applications |
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200 | (1) |
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6.3.3 Reflection Interference Spectroscopy |
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200 | (3) |
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6.3.4 Photoluminescence-Based Applications of Porous Anodic Aluminum Oxide |
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203 | (3) |
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6.3.5 Porous Anodic Aluminum Oxide in Photon-Energy Conversion |
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206 | (1) |
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6.3.6 Alternative Applications |
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207 | (2) |
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209 | (10) |
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210 | (9) |
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7 Nanoporous Anodic Alumina for Optical Biosensing |
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219 | (30) |
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219 | (2) |
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7.2 Structural Engineering of Nanoporous Anodic Alumina |
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221 | (9) |
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7.3 Optical Biosensors Based on NAA Structures |
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230 | (11) |
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7.3.1 Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering (SERS) |
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231 | (3) |
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7.3.2 Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR) |
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234 | (2) |
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7.3.3 Reflectometric Interference Spectroscopy (RIfS) |
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236 | (3) |
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7.3.4 Photoluminescence Spectroscopy (PLS) |
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239 | (2) |
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241 | (8) |
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242 | (7) |
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8 Nanoporous Anodic Alumina for Optofluidic Applications |
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249 | (22) |
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249 | (1) |
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250 | (11) |
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8.2.1 Fluid Dynamic Model |
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250 | (7) |
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257 | (4) |
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261 | (2) |
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8.3.1 Alumina Preparation |
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261 | (1) |
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8.3.2 Optofluidic Measurements |
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262 | (1) |
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8.4 Results and Discussions |
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263 | (4) |
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8.4.1 Direct Calculation: Prediction of Imbibition Kinematics |
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263 | (1) |
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8.4.2 Inverse Calculation: Determining Pore Morphology |
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264 | (2) |
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8.4.3 Further Applications: Pore Opening Control |
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266 | (1) |
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267 | (4) |
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268 | (3) |
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9 Protein and DNA Electrochemical Sensing Using Anodized Aluminum Oxide Nanochannel Arrays |
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271 | (22) |
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Alfredo de la Escosura-Muniz |
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Marisol Espinoza-Castaneda |
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9.1 General Introduction: Stochastic Sensing Using Biological Single Nanochannels |
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271 | (3) |
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9.2 Anodic Aluminum Oxide (AAO) Nanoporous Membranes Preparation and Functionalization |
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274 | (3) |
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9.2.1 AAO Nanoporous Membranes Preparation |
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274 | (1) |
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9.2.2 AAO Nanoporous Membranes Functionalization |
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275 | (2) |
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9.3 Electrochemical Biosensing Systems Based on AAO Nanoporous Membranes |
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277 | (9) |
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9.3.1 Voltammetric Sensing Systems |
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277 | (6) |
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9.3.2 Impedimetric, Capacitive, Conductometric and Resistive Sensing Systems |
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283 | (3) |
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9.4 Conclusions and Prospects |
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286 | (7) |
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288 | (5) |
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10 Nanoporous Alumina Membranes for Chromatography and Molecular Transporting |
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293 | (26) |
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293 | (3) |
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10.2 Fabrication of NAAMs |
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296 | (5) |
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10.3 Surface Functionalization of NAAMs |
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301 | (5) |
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10.4 NAAMs Based Chromatography and Transporting Systems |
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306 | (8) |
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314 | (5) |
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314 | (5) |
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11 Nanoporous Anodic Alumina for Drug Delivery and Biomedical Applications |
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319 | (36) |
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319 | (3) |
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11.2 Nanoporous Anodic Alumina (NAA) as a Drug Delivery Carrier |
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322 | (7) |
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11.2.1 NAA Structure and Properties for Drug Delivery Applications |
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322 | (7) |
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11.3 Biocompatibility of NAA and NAA Nanotubes |
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329 | (4) |
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11.4 NAA for Diabetic and Pancreatic Treatment |
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333 | (1) |
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11.5 NAA Applications in Orthopaedic Prostheses and Implants |
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334 | (3) |
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11.6 NAA Applications for Heart, Coronary and Vasculature Treatment |
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337 | (1) |
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11.7 NAA Applications in Dentistry |
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338 | (1) |
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11.8 NAA for Immunoisolation |
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339 | (2) |
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11.9 NAA Application for Localized Chemotherapy |
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341 | (1) |
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11.10 NAA for Tissue Engineering and Skin Therapy |
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342 | (4) |
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11.11 NAA for Cell Culture and Imaging |
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346 | (3) |
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11.12 Conclusion and Future Perspectives |
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349 | (6) |
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350 | (5) |
Index |
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355 | |