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xii | |
Preface |
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xvi | |
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1 Nanotechnology as a Smart Way to Promote the Growth of Plants and Control Plant Diseases: Prospects and Impacts |
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1 | (16) |
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Heba Mahmoud Mohammad Abdel-Aziz |
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Mohammed Nagib Abdet-ghany Hasaneen |
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1 | (1) |
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2 | (5) |
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1.2.1 Methods for Application of Nanofertilizers |
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2 | (1) |
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2 | (1) |
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2 | (1) |
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1.2.1.3 Foliar Application |
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3 | (1) |
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1.2.2 Possible Ways for Uptake and Translocation of Nanofertilizers in Plants |
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3 | (1) |
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1.2.3 Macronutrient Nanofertilizers |
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3 | (2) |
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1.2.4 Micronutrient Nanofertilizers |
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5 | (1) |
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1.2.5 Non-nutrient Nanofertilizers |
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6 | (1) |
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1.2.6 Advantages of Nanofertilizers |
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6 | (1) |
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1.2.7 Limitations of Nanofertilizers |
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7 | (1) |
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1.3 Nanopesticides and Nanoantimicrobials |
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7 | (3) |
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8 | (1) |
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8 | (1) |
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8 | (1) |
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9 | (1) |
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1.3.5 Advantages of Using Nanopesticides |
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9 | (1) |
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1.3.6 Risks of Using Nano-based Agrochemicals |
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9 | (1) |
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10 | (1) |
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11 | (6) |
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2 Effects of Titanium Dioxide Nanomaterials on Plants Growth |
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17 | (28) |
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17 | (1) |
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2.2 Properties of TiO2NPs Important for Biological Interaction |
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18 | (2) |
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2.3 Pathways and Interaction of TiO2NPs with Plants |
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20 | (3) |
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20 | (1) |
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21 | (1) |
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22 | (1) |
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2.3.4 Interaction of TiO2NPs with Plants |
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22 | (1) |
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2.4 Effect of Different Concentrations of TiO2NPs on Plants |
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23 | (8) |
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2.5 Benefits of Using TiO2NPs Alone and in Complex Formulations on Plant Growth and Yield |
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31 | (4) |
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2.6 Conclusion and Future Perspective |
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35 | (2) |
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37 | (8) |
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3 The Emerging Applications of Zinc-Based Nanoparticles in Plant Growth Promotion |
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45 | (18) |
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45 | (1) |
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3.2 Applications and Effects of Zn Based NPs on Plant Growth Promotion |
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46 | (4) |
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3.2.1 Zn NPs in Seed Treatments and Its Effects |
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46 | (1) |
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3.2.2 Effects of Zn NPs on Seed Germination |
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46 | (4) |
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3.2.3 Effects of Seed Treatment on Plant Growth |
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50 | (1) |
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3.2.4 Molecular Mechanisms Involved in Effects of Zn NPs on Seed |
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50 | (1) |
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3.3 ZnO NPs in Enhanced Plant Growth |
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50 | (6) |
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3.3.1 Application Methods |
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51 | (1) |
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3.3.2 Effects of Zn NPs on Plant Growth Promotion |
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51 | (1) |
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3.3.2.1 Effects of Zn NPs Via Foliar Application |
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51 | (4) |
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3.3.2.2 Effects of Zn NPs Used in Agar Media and Hydroponic Application |
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55 | (1) |
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3.3.2.3 Effects Zn NPs Through Soil Application |
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55 | (1) |
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3.3.2.4 Effects of Zn NPs on Plant Physiological and Biochemical Changes |
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56 | (1) |
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3.4 Zn NPs in Crop Protection |
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56 | (1) |
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3.4.1 Improvement on Disease Resistance |
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56 | (1) |
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3.4.2 Enhancement of Stress Tolerance |
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57 | (1) |
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57 | (1) |
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58 | (5) |
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4 Nanofertilizer in Enhancing the Production Potentials of Crops |
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63 | (16) |
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63 | (1) |
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64 | (1) |
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4.3 Synthesis of Nanofertilizer |
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64 | (2) |
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4.4 Uptake, Translocation, and Fate of Nanofertilizers in Plants |
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66 | (1) |
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4.5 Percolation Studies to Assess Nutrient Release Pattern |
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67 | (1) |
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4.6 Application of Nanofertilizers in Plants |
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68 | (2) |
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4.7 Specific Properties of Nanofertilizers |
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70 | (1) |
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4.8 Biosafety Issues in Nanofertilizer Application |
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70 | (1) |
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4.9 Nanofertilizer Studies at Tamil Nadu Agricultural University (TNAU) |
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71 | (3) |
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74 | (1) |
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75 | (4) |
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5 Potential Applications of Nanobiotechnology in Plant Nutrition and Protection for Sustainable Agriculture |
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79 | (14) |
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79 | (2) |
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5.2 Nanomaterial in Sustainable Crop Production |
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81 | (4) |
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5.2.1 Nanomaterial in Soil Management |
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81 | (1) |
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5.2.2 Nanomaterials in Nutrient Use Efficiency (NUE) |
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82 | (1) |
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5.2.3 Nanomaterials in Plant Protection |
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82 | (1) |
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5.2.3.1 Nanomaterials as Nano-Pesticides |
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83 | (1) |
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5.2.3.2 Nanomaterials as Nano-Insecticides |
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83 | (1) |
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5.2.3.3 Nanomaterials as Nano-Fungicides |
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84 | (1) |
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5.2.3.4 Nanomaterials as Nano-Herbicides |
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84 | (1) |
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5.3 Nanomaterials in Crop Improvement |
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85 | (2) |
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85 | (1) |
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86 | (1) |
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86 | (1) |
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5.4 Nanomaterials in Plant Genetic Engineering |
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87 | (1) |
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5.4.1 Nanoparticle's Mediated Transformation |
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87 | (1) |
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5.4.2 Non-vector Mediated Transformation |
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87 | (1) |
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5.5 Future Perspectives and Challenges |
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88 | (1) |
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89 | (1) |
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89 | (4) |
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6 Immunity in Early Life: Nanotechnology in Seed Science and Soil Feed |
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93 | (20) |
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93 | (1) |
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6.2 Nano Frontiers in Agricultural Development |
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94 | (5) |
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94 | (1) |
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6.2.2 Smart Systems for Agrochemicals Delivery |
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94 | (1) |
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94 | (2) |
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96 | (1) |
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96 | (1) |
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96 | (1) |
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97 | (1) |
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97 | (1) |
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97 | (2) |
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6.3 Nanotechnology in Agriculture |
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99 | (2) |
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6.3.1 Effects of Nanoparticles on Plants |
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99 | (1) |
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6.3.2 Nanoparticle-Plant Hormones Interactions |
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99 | (1) |
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6.3.3 Effect of Nanoparticles on Crop Quality |
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100 | (1) |
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6.4 Immunity in Early Life |
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101 | (3) |
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101 | (1) |
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6.4.2 Pre-sowing Treatments and Priming as Tools for Better Seed Germination |
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102 | (1) |
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6.4.3 Phenomenon of Seed Priming |
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102 | (1) |
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6.4.4 Gene Therapy for Seed |
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103 | (1) |
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6.4.5 Immuning Seeds Using Nanoparticles |
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104 | (1) |
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6.5 Nanotechnology in Soil Feed and Waste Water Treatment |
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104 | (2) |
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106 | (1) |
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107 | (6) |
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7 Effects of Natural Organic Matter on Bioavailability of Elements from Inorganic Nanomaterial |
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113 | (16) |
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113 | (1) |
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7.2 Effect of Natural Organic Matter on Nanoparticles' Aggregation and Agglomeration |
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114 | (2) |
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7.3 Natural Organic Matter Effects on Nanoparticles' Dissolution |
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116 | (1) |
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7.4 Effect of Mutual Interactions of Natural Organic Matter and Nanoparticles on Their Bioavailability |
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117 | (3) |
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120 | (1) |
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120 | (9) |
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8 Induction of Stress Tolerance in Crops by Applying Nanomaterials |
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129 | (41) |
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Hipolito Hernandez-Hernandez |
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129 | (1) |
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8.2 Impact of Stress on Crops |
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130 | (7) |
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8.2.1 Losses of Crops Due to the Main Stress Conditions |
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130 | (3) |
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8.2.2 Plant Responses to Abiotic Stress |
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133 | (2) |
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8.2.3 Plant Responses to Biotic Stress |
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135 | (2) |
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8.3 Impact of Nanomaterials on Crops |
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137 | (14) |
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8.3.1 Induction of Tolerance to Abiotic Stress by the Application of Nanomaterials |
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138 | (8) |
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8.3.2 Induction of Tolerance to Biotic Stress by the Application of Nanomaterials |
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146 | (5) |
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151 | (1) |
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151 | (19) |
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9 Nanoparticles as Elicitors of Biologically Active Ingredients in Plants |
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170 | (33) |
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170 | (2) |
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9.2 Routes of Exposure, Uptake, and Interaction of NPs into Plant Cells |
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172 | (3) |
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9.3 Elicitation of BAIs of Plants by Nanoelicitors |
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175 | (16) |
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9.3.1 Elicitation of Polyphenols by Nanoelicitors |
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175 | (9) |
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9.3.2 Elicitation of Alkaloids by Nanoelicitors |
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184 | (2) |
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9.3.3 Elicitation of Terpenoids by Nanoelicitors |
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186 | (3) |
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9.3.4 Elicitation of Essential Oils by Nanoelicitors |
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189 | (2) |
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9.4 Mechanism of Action of Nanoelicitors |
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191 | (1) |
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191 | (2) |
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193 | (10) |
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10 Dual Role of Nanoparticles in Plant Growth and Phytopathogen Management |
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203 | (17) |
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203 | (3) |
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10.2 Nanoparticles: Notion and Properties |
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206 | (1) |
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10.3 Mode of Entry, Uptake, Translocation and Accumulation of Nanoparticles in Plant Tissues |
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207 | (1) |
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10.4 Nanoparticle-Plant Interactions |
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208 | (1) |
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10.5 Impact of Nanoparticles |
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209 | (5) |
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10.5.1 Influence of Nanoparticles on Photosynthesis |
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209 | (2) |
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10.5.2 Nanoparticles in Plant Growth |
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211 | (1) |
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10.5.3 Nanoparticles in Enhancement of Root and Shoot Growth |
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212 | (1) |
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10.5.4 Impact of Nanoparticles in Phytopathogen Suppression |
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213 | (1) |
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214 | (1) |
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215 | (5) |
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11 Role of Metal-Based Nanoparticles in Plant Protection |
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220 | (19) |
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220 | (1) |
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11.2 Nanotechnology in Agriculture |
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221 | (1) |
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11.3 Metal-Based Nanoparticles in Plant Protection |
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222 | (6) |
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11.3.1 Silver-Based Nanoparticles |
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222 | (2) |
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11.3.2 Copper-Based Nanoparticles |
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224 | (1) |
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11.3.3 Zinc-Based Nanoparticles |
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225 | (1) |
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11.3.4 Magnesium Oxide Nanoparticles |
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226 | (1) |
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11.3.5 Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles |
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227 | (1) |
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11.3.6 Other Metal-Based Nanoparticles |
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228 | (1) |
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11.4 Possible Antimicrobial Mechanisms for Metal-Based Nanoparticles |
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228 | (2) |
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11.4.1 Cell Membrane Damage |
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229 | (1) |
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230 | (1) |
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230 | (1) |
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230 | (1) |
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231 | (8) |
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12 Role of Zinc-Based Nanoparticles in the Management of Plant Diseases |
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239 | (20) |
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239 | (2) |
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12.2 Plant Diseases and Their Symptoms |
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241 | (1) |
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12.3 Importance of Zn for Plants |
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242 | (1) |
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12.4 Distribution of Zn in Plants |
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242 | (1) |
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12.5 Efficiency of Zn in Plants |
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243 | (1) |
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243 | (2) |
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12.7 Effects of Zn on Microbial Activity |
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245 | (1) |
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12.8 Nanotechnology and Agriculture |
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246 | (1) |
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12.9 Zn-Based Nanoparticles in Plants |
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247 | (6) |
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249 | (1) |
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12.9.1.1 Antimicrobial Activity |
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250 | (1) |
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12.9.1.2 Seed Germination and Plant Growth |
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251 | (1) |
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12.9.1.3 Mechanism of Action of ZnONPs |
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252 | (1) |
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253 | (1) |
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253 | (6) |
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13 Effects of Different Metal Oxide Nanoparticles on Plant Growth |
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259 | (24) |
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259 | (2) |
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13.2 Effects of Nanoparticles on Plant Growth and Development |
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261 | (8) |
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13.2.1 Effect of Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles on Plant Growth |
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262 | (1) |
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13.2.2 Effect of Copper Oxide Nanoparticles on Plant Growth |
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263 | (1) |
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13.2.3 Effect of Iron Oxide Nanoparticles on Plant Growth |
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264 | (1) |
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13.2.4 Effect of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles on Plant Growth |
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264 | (2) |
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13.2.5 Effect of Cerium Oxide Nanoparticles on Plant Growth |
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266 | (2) |
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13.2.6 Effect of Other Nanoparticles on Plant Growth |
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268 | (1) |
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13.3 Mechanisms of Nanoparticles and Plant Interactions |
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269 | (2) |
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271 | (1) |
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271 | (12) |
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14 Biostimulation and Toxicity: Two Levels of Action of Nanomaterials in Plants |
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283 | (21) |
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Adalberto Benavides-Mendoza |
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Ddmaris Leopoldina Ojeda-Barrios |
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Laura Olivia Fuentes-Lara |
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283 | (2) |
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14.2 Induction of Biostimulation or Toxicity in Plants Due to the Physical Properties oftheNMs |
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285 | (5) |
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14.3 Induction of Biostimulation or Toxicity in Plants Due to the Chemical Properties of NM Core and the Composition of Corona |
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290 | (4) |
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14.4 Examples of Biphasic Phenotypic Responses of Plants to Nanomaterials Concentration |
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294 | (4) |
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298 | (1) |
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299 | (5) |
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15 Toxicological Concerns of Nanomaterials in Agriculture |
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304 | (27) |
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304 | (1) |
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15.2 Uptake and Translocation of Nanomaterials |
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305 | (1) |
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15.3 Mechanisms and Factors Affecting Uptake and Translocation of Nanomaterials |
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305 | (1) |
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15.4 Nature and Factors Affecting Nanomaterial Phytotoxicity |
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306 | (1) |
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15.5 Non-Metallic Nanomaterials |
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307 | (3) |
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15.5.1 Carbon Nanotubes (CNTs) |
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307 | (1) |
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15.5.1.1 Graphene Family Nanomaterials |
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308 | (1) |
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15.5.1.2 Mesoporous Carbon Nanoparticles |
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308 | (1) |
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308 | (1) |
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15.5.2 Nanoclay-Based Systems |
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309 | (1) |
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15.5.3 Nano-Hydroxyapatite (nHAP) |
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309 | (1) |
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309 | (1) |
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15.6 Metallic Nanoparticles |
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310 | (6) |
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15.6.1 Silver Nanoparticles (AgNPs) |
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310 | (1) |
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15.6.2 Mn-Based Nanoparticles |
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310 | (1) |
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311 | (1) |
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311 | (1) |
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15.6.5 TiO2 Nanoparticles |
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312 | (1) |
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312 | (1) |
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15.6.7 Cu-Based Nanoparticles |
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313 | (1) |
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15.6.7.1 Cu Nanoparticles |
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313 | (1) |
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15.6.7.2 CuO Nanoparticles |
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313 | (1) |
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314 | (1) |
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314 | (1) |
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15.6.10 Fe-Based Nanoparticles |
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314 | (1) |
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15.6.11 Al2O3 Nanoparticles |
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315 | (1) |
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15.6.12 Rare Earth Element Nanoparticles |
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315 | (1) |
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15.6.13 Multi-Metallic Nanoparticles |
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315 | (1) |
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15.7 Alteration of Toxic Effects Caused by Nanomaterials; Co-Exposure Experiments |
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316 | (2) |
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15.8 Effects of Nanomaterials on Enzymatic and Non-Enzymatic Defense Systems |
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318 | (1) |
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15.9 Antioxidant-Mediated Removal of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) |
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318 | (1) |
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15.10 Effects of Nanomaterials on Micro and Macro Organismal Communities Associated with Soil in Agroecosystems |
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319 | (2) |
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15.10.1 Plant Growth-Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) |
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319 | (1) |
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15.10.2 Effects of Nanomaterials on Soil Dwelling Earthworms |
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320 | (1) |
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15.10.3 Effects on Organisms Associated with Aquatic Ecosystems |
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321 | (1) |
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321 | (1) |
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322 | (9) |
Index |
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331 | |