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1 Natural Hazards and Disasters: When Potential Becomes Reality |
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1 | (58) |
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Natural Disasters: A Normal State of Affairs |
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1 | (8) |
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Definitions: Natural Hazards and Disasters |
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9 | (4) |
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The Components of Natural Hazards: An Evolution |
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13 | (8) |
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13 | (2) |
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15 | (2) |
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Structural Constraints and Societal Controls |
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17 | (2) |
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A Time--Space Context for Hazard Classification |
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19 | (2) |
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Significance of Hazard Losses |
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21 | (19) |
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21 | (2) |
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23 | (2) |
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25 | (7) |
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32 | (1) |
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Spatial and Temporal Trends: Explanation and Integration |
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33 | (7) |
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Hazards: Risk and Vulnerability |
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40 | (4) |
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Hazards: Players and Decision Makers |
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44 | (5) |
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46 | (2) |
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Fatalities, Survivors, and Others |
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48 | (1) |
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49 | (6) |
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51 | (1) |
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52 | (3) |
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An Integrative Framework for Analyzing Hazards |
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55 | (4) |
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2 Physical Dimensions of Natural Hazards |
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59 | (43) |
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59 | (1) |
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59 | (4) |
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60 | (3) |
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63 | (36) |
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64 | (1) |
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64 | (9) |
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73 | (11) |
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84 | (15) |
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99 | (3) |
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3 Spatial and Temporal Characteristics of Natural Hazards |
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102 | (1) |
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102 | (1) |
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102 | (8) |
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103 | (6) |
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109 | (1) |
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110 | (23) |
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110 | (4) |
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114 | (10) |
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124 | (9) |
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Diurnal Factors: Differences between Day and Night |
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133 | (1) |
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133 | (5) |
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138 | (5) |
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4 Perception Studies: The Individual in Natural Hazards |
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143 | (42) |
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143 | (2) |
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Underlying Hypotheses, or Easy Questions with Complex Answers |
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145 | (10) |
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Locational Decision Making in Hazardous Areas |
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147 | (1) |
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Evacuation Decision Making |
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148 | (5) |
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Bizarre Decision Making in Hazardous Events |
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153 | (2) |
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155 | (8) |
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155 | (2) |
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157 | (2) |
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159 | (2) |
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Political-Economy Approaches |
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161 | (2) |
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163 | (1) |
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Perception of Hazards: Contributing Factors |
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163 | (14) |
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Situational Factors: The Physical Environment |
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165 | (4) |
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Situational Factors: The Socioeconomic Environment |
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169 | (4) |
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173 | (1) |
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174 | (3) |
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177 | (5) |
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177 | (4) |
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181 | (1) |
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Integration And Explanation |
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182 | (3) |
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5 Behavioral Studies: Community Attitudes and Adjustment |
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185 | (31) |
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185 | (1) |
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186 | (2) |
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Community Attitudes: A Complex of Variables |
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188 | (6) |
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Community Values, Norms, and Beliefs |
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188 | (2) |
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Size and Interorganizational Relationships |
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190 | (2) |
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Influences on Decision Making and Decision Makers |
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192 | (2) |
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Temporal Patterns in Community Response |
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194 | (3) |
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Immediate Postdisaster Response and Recovery |
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194 | (3) |
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The Important Components of Recovery |
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197 | (5) |
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197 | (2) |
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199 | (1) |
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Interorganizational and Intergovernmental Coordination |
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200 | (1) |
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201 | (1) |
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Community Attitudes and Responses after the Cleanup |
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202 | (8) |
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202 | (2) |
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Community Response Options |
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204 | (3) |
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Actors and Factors in Long-Term Community Response |
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207 | (2) |
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Maintenance of Community Attitudes and Adjustments |
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209 | (1) |
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210 | (1) |
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Mandated Community Adjustment |
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210 | (3) |
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Conclusion And Integration |
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213 | (3) |
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6 Public Policy and Natural Hazards |
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216 | (45) |
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216 | (1) |
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Public Problem, Public Policy |
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217 | (3) |
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220 | (1) |
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Policy Implementation: Alternative Strategies |
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221 | (1) |
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Categories of Policy Implementation |
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222 | (25) |
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224 | (10) |
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234 | (1) |
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234 | (8) |
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Cooperative and Mandated Programs |
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242 | (5) |
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Constraints on Public Policy |
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247 | (5) |
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Physical and Technical Constraints |
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247 | (3) |
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Financial and Economic Constraints |
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250 | (1) |
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Legal, Administrative, and Ownership Constraints |
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251 | (1) |
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252 | (1) |
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Levels of Government Involvement |
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252 | (2) |
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Conclusion And Integration |
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254 | (7) |
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7 The Economic Impacts of Hazards and Disasters |
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261 | (36) |
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261 | (2) |
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The Range of Considerations |
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263 | (2) |
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Economic Impacts of Events |
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265 | (20) |
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Immediate Losses from an Event |
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265 | (5) |
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Relief Aid Following an Event |
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270 | (6) |
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Long-Term Hazard-Related Impacts |
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276 | (2) |
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278 | (3) |
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Long-Term Impacts on the Housing Market: A Special Case |
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281 | (4) |
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The Economic Impacts of Policy Options and Adjustments |
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285 | (10) |
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286 | (7) |
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The Indirect Economic Impacts of Adjustment Choices |
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293 | (2) |
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Conclusion And Integration |
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295 | (2) |
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297 | (44) |
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297 | (1) |
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297 | (13) |
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299 | (4) |
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Choice of Action/Survivors of Circumstance |
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303 | (1) |
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Outcomes: Probability and Consequence |
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304 | (2) |
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306 | (1) |
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306 | (2) |
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Risk Analysis: Different Views Yield Different Decisions |
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308 | (2) |
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310 | (8) |
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311 | (4) |
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Accepted and Acceptable Risks |
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315 | (2) |
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Availability of Information and the Role of the Media |
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317 | (1) |
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317 | (1) |
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The Changing Nature of Risk |
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318 | (9) |
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Risks from Nature and Risks from Technology |
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318 | (4) |
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Changing Risks by Mitigation |
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322 | (1) |
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Risks from Multiple Natural Hazards |
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323 | (3) |
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326 | (1) |
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327 | (11) |
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Elements of the Risk Management Process |
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328 | (10) |
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Conclusion And Integration |
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338 | (3) |
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9 An Integrated Approach to Natural Hazards |
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341 | (34) |
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Theoretical and Contextual Frameworks |
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344 | (15) |
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Physical Characteristics of Natural Hazards |
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346 | (1) |
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Political-Economic Factors |
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347 | (2) |
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Individual and Societal Dimensions |
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349 | (3) |
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352 | (2) |
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354 | (1) |
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Hazard Mitigation in Context |
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355 | (4) |
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The Disaster--Damage--Repair--Disaster Cycle |
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359 | (2) |
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Survival Amid Catastrophe |
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361 | (4) |
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International Initiatives |
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365 | (5) |
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Technological and Structural Fixes |
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367 | (1) |
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367 | (1) |
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Isolated Management of Disaster Situations |
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368 | (1) |
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Resistant Political Forces |
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369 | (1) |
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Progress in Unifying Concerns |
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370 | (1) |
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Modeling Vulnerability and Resilience |
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370 | (2) |
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The Future of Hazard Reduction |
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372 | (3) |
References |
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375 | (54) |
Index |
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429 | (16) |
About the Authors |
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445 | |