Preface |
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xv | |
Author's note |
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xvii | |
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1 | (10) |
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1 | (1) |
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1 | (1) |
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1 | (1) |
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2 | (1) |
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1.5 The NEC4 suite of contracts |
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3 | (1) |
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1.6 Characteristics of NEC contracts |
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3 | (1) |
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1.7 Structure of the NEC4 Engineering and Construction Contract (ECC4) |
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4 | (2) |
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6 | (1) |
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1.9 Review of points of interest |
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7 | (1) |
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7 | (1) |
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1.11 Exclusion of common law rights |
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8 | (1) |
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1.12 Conditions precedent to compensation event claims |
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8 | (1) |
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1.13 Role and powers of the Project Manager |
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8 | (1) |
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1.14 Changes to Scope (previously Works Information) |
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9 | (1) |
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9 | (1) |
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1.16 Quotations for compensation events |
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9 | (1) |
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1.17 Assessments of compensation events |
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9 | (1) |
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1.18 Dispute avoidance and dispute resolution |
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10 | (1) |
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11 | (6) |
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11 | (1) |
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2.2 Features and enhancements |
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11 | (1) |
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2.3 Terminological changes |
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12 | (1) |
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2.4 Changes to core clauses |
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12 | (3) |
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2.5 Changes to dispute resolution procedures |
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15 | (1) |
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2.6 Changes to Secondary Option clauses |
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16 | (1) |
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16 | (1) |
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17 | (15) |
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17 | (1) |
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18 | (1) |
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3.3 Responsibility for design |
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19 | (1) |
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20 | (1) |
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21 | (1) |
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3.6 The Client's requirements |
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22 | (1) |
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3.7 Operating restrictions |
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23 | (1) |
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3.8 Early start and/or rapid finish |
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23 | (1) |
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3.9 Flexibility in contractual arrangements |
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23 | (1) |
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3.10 Aversion to disputes |
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23 | (1) |
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3.11 Single point responsibility |
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24 | (1) |
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3.12 Option A -- priced contract with Activity Schedule |
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24 | (1) |
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3.13 Option B -- priced contract with bill of quantities |
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25 | (2) |
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3.14 Target contracts generally |
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27 | (2) |
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3.15 Options C and D -- target contracts |
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29 | (1) |
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3.16 Option E -- cost reimbursable contract |
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30 | (1) |
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3.17 Option F -- management contract |
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31 | (1) |
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3.18 Options W1, W2, W3 -- resolving and avoiding disputes |
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31 | (1) |
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32 | (27) |
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32 | (1) |
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4.2 Choice of Secondary Option clauses |
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33 | (1) |
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4.3 Status of Secondary Option clauses |
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33 | (1) |
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4.4 Option X1 -- price adjustment for inflation |
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34 | (1) |
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4.5 Option X2 -- changes in the law |
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34 | (1) |
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4.6 Option X3 -- multiple currencies |
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35 | (1) |
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4.7 Option X4 -- ultimate holding company guarantee |
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36 | (1) |
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4.8 Option X5 - sectional completion |
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36 | (1) |
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4.9 Option X6 -- bonus for early completion |
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37 | (1) |
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4.10 Option X7 --- delay damages |
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37 | (5) |
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4.11 Option X8 -- undertakings to the Client or Others |
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42 | (1) |
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4.12 Option X9 -- transfer of rights |
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42 | (1) |
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4.13 Option X10 -- information modelling |
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43 | (1) |
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4.14 Option X11 -- termination by the Client |
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43 | (1) |
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4.15 Option X12 -- MultiParty collaboration |
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44 | (1) |
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4.16 Option XI3 -- performance bond |
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45 | (2) |
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4.17 Option X14 -- advanced payment to the Contractor |
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47 | (1) |
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4.18 Option X15 -- the Contractor's design |
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48 | (1) |
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4.19 Option X16 -- retention |
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49 | (1) |
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4.20 Option X17 -- low performance damages |
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50 | (1) |
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4.21 Option X18 -- limitation of liability |
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51 | (4) |
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4.22 Option X20 -- key performance indicators |
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55 | (1) |
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4.23 Option X21 -- whole life cost |
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56 | (1) |
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4.24 Option X22 -- early Contractor involvement |
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56 | (1) |
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4.25 Option Y(UK)1 -- project bank account |
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57 | (1) |
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4.26 Option Y(UK)2 -- Housing Grants, Construction and Regeneration Act 1996 |
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57 | (1) |
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4.27 Option Y(UK)3 -- Contracts (Rights of Third Parties) Act 1999 |
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58 | (1) |
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4.28 Option Z -- additional conditions of contract |
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58 | (1) |
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59 | (20) |
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59 | (1) |
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60 | (1) |
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61 | (1) |
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5.4 Construction of contracts generally |
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62 | (1) |
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63 | (1) |
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5.6 Essential contract documents |
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64 | (1) |
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5.7 Identified and defined terms |
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65 | (1) |
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66 | (1) |
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67 | (3) |
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70 | (2) |
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72 | (1) |
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5.12 Schedules of cost components |
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72 | (2) |
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5.13 Ambiguities and inconsistencies in the contract documents |
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74 | (1) |
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5.14 Schedule of clauses referring to the Scope |
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74 | (5) |
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79 | (25) |
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79 | (2) |
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81 | (1) |
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82 | (1) |
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6.4 Mutual trust and co-operation |
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83 | (1) |
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84 | (1) |
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6.6 Express obligations of the Client |
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85 | (1) |
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86 | (3) |
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6.8 Express duties of the Project Manager |
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89 | (8) |
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97 | (1) |
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6.10 Express duties of the Supervisor |
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97 | (1) |
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98 | (4) |
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6.12 The Project Manager and the Supervisor |
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102 | (2) |
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104 | (24) |
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104 | (1) |
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7.2 Mutual trust and co-operation |
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105 | (1) |
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106 | (1) |
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7.4 Identified and defined terms |
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107 | (9) |
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7.5 Interpretation and the law |
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116 | (1) |
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117 | (1) |
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7.7 The Project Manager and the Supervisor |
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117 | (1) |
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118 | (1) |
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118 | (3) |
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7.10 Contractor's proposals |
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121 | (1) |
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7.11 Requirements for instructions |
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121 | (1) |
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7.12 Illegal and impossible requirements |
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122 | (1) |
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123 | (1) |
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123 | (5) |
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8 Obligations and responsibilities of the Contractor |
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128 | (29) |
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128 | (3) |
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8.2 Design obligations, responsibilities and liabilities |
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131 | (2) |
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133 | (1) |
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8.4 The Contractor's design |
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134 | (3) |
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8.5 Using the Contractor's design |
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137 | (1) |
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138 | (1) |
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138 | (2) |
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8.8 Working with the Client and Others |
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140 | (2) |
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142 | (3) |
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8.10 Other responsibilities |
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145 | (2) |
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147 | (1) |
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147 | (1) |
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8.13 Express obligations of the Contractor |
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148 | (7) |
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8.14 Express prohibitions on the Contractor |
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155 | (2) |
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9 Time (and related matters) |
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157 | (18) |
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157 | (2) |
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9.2 Starting and completion |
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159 | (2) |
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161 | (4) |
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9.4 Revision of programmes |
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165 | (2) |
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167 | (1) |
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9.6 Access to and use of the site |
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168 | (1) |
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9.7 Instructions to stop or not to start work |
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169 | (2) |
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171 | (2) |
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173 | (2) |
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175 | (18) |
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10.1 Introduction on quality management |
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175 | (1) |
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10.2 Contractual provisions of ECC4 on quality management |
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176 | (1) |
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10.3 Understanding the contractual provisions on quality management |
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177 | (1) |
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10.4 Introduction on testing and defects |
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177 | (3) |
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10.5 Definitions and certificates |
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180 | (3) |
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10.6 Tests and inspections |
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183 | (3) |
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10.7 Testing and inspection before delivery |
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186 | (1) |
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10.8 Searching for and notifying defects |
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186 | (2) |
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188 | (2) |
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190 | (1) |
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10.11 Uncorrected defects |
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191 | (2) |
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193 | (22) |
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193 | (3) |
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11.2 Assessing the amount due |
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196 | (2) |
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198 | (3) |
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201 | (1) |
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11.5 Payments -- Main Option A |
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202 | (3) |
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11.6 Payments -- Main Option B |
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205 | (1) |
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11.7 Payments -- Main Option C |
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206 | (4) |
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11.8 Payments -- Main Option D |
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210 | (1) |
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11.9 Payments -- Main Option E |
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211 | (1) |
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11.10 Payments-Main Option F |
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211 | (1) |
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212 | (1) |
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11.12 Status of and disputes on final assessments |
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213 | (2) |
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12 ECC4 compensation event schemes |
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215 | (8) |
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215 | (2) |
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12.2 Structure of ECC4 compensation events schemes |
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217 | (1) |
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12.3 Amendments and additions |
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217 | (2) |
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12.4 Outline of procedures |
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219 | (1) |
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12.5 Defining a compensation event |
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220 | (1) |
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12.6 Compensation events as exclusive remedies |
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220 | (2) |
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12.7 Fairness of the compensation event procedures |
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222 | (1) |
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12.8 Unusual features of the compensation event procedures |
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222 | (1) |
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13 Listed compensation events |
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223 | (19) |
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223 | (1) |
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13.2 Omissions from the listed events |
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224 | (1) |
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13.3 Scope-related events |
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224 | (2) |
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13.4 Client's default events |
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226 | (3) |
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13.5 Client's liability events |
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229 | (1) |
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13.6 Project Manager/Supervisor-related events |
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230 | (3) |
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233 | (3) |
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236 | (1) |
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237 | (1) |
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13.10 Measurement-related events |
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238 | (2) |
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13.11 Secondary Option clause events |
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240 | (2) |
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14 Notifying compensation events |
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242 | (10) |
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242 | (1) |
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14.2 Notifications by the Project Manager |
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242 | (2) |
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14.3 Notifications by the Contractor |
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244 | (4) |
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14.4 Project Manager's response to notifications |
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248 | (2) |
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14.5 Last date for notification of compensation events |
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250 | (2) |
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15 Quotations for compensation events |
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252 | (6) |
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252 | (1) |
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15.2 Instructions to submit quotations |
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253 | (1) |
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15.3 Failure to give early warning |
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253 | (1) |
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15.4 Assumptions for assessment of quotations |
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254 | (1) |
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15.5 Primary clauses on quotations |
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255 | (1) |
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15.6 Submissions of quotations |
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255 | (1) |
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256 | (1) |
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15.8 Failure to reply to quotations |
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256 | (1) |
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15.9 General comment on ECC4's assessment and quotation systems |
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256 | (2) |
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16 Assessment of compensation events |
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258 | (15) |
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258 | (1) |
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259 | (1) |
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16.3 General assessment rules |
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260 | (5) |
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16.4 Particular assessment rules |
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265 | (3) |
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16.5 The Project Manager's assessments |
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268 | (2) |
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16.6 Implementing compensation events |
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270 | (2) |
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16.7 Other financial remedies |
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272 | (1) |
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273 | (6) |
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273 | (1) |
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17.2 Client's title to equipment, plant and materials |
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274 | (1) |
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17.3 Marking equipment, plant and materials |
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275 | (1) |
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276 | (1) |
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17.5 Objects and materials within the site |
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276 | (3) |
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18 Liabilities and insurance |
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279 | (13) |
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279 | (4) |
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18.2 Liabilities and insurance under ECC4 |
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283 | (1) |
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18.3 Client's liabilities |
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284 | (3) |
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18.4 Contractor's liabilities |
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287 | (1) |
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288 | (1) |
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289 | (1) |
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289 | (1) |
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289 | (1) |
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18.9 Contractor's failure to insure |
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290 | (1) |
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18.10 Insurance by the Client |
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291 | (1) |
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292 | (11) |
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292 | (2) |
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19.2 Termination under ECC4 |
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294 | (1) |
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19.3 Reasons for termination under ECC4 |
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295 | (1) |
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19.4 The Termination Table and the Termination Certificate |
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296 | (1) |
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297 | (3) |
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19.6 Procedures on termination |
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300 | (1) |
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19.7 Amounts due on termination |
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301 | (2) |
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20 Dispute avoidance and dispute resolution |
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303 | (21) |
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303 | (1) |
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20.2 Overall structure of ECC4 dispute avoidance and dispute resolution provisions |
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304 | (1) |
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20.3 Option W3 -- the Dispute Avoidance Board |
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305 | (1) |
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305 | (1) |
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20.5 Involvement of Senior Representatives |
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305 | (1) |
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306 | (2) |
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20.7 Adjudication under Option W1 |
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308 | (8) |
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20.8 Adjudication under Option W2 |
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316 | (4) |
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20.9 Review by the tribunal |
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320 | (3) |
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20.10 The Adjudicator's contract |
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323 | (1) |
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21 NEC4 Engineering and Construction Subcontract |
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324 | (9) |
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324 | (1) |
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21.2 Structure of the ECC4 subcontract |
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325 | (1) |
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21.3 Common core clause grouping |
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326 | (1) |
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21.4 Core clauses -- general |
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327 | (1) |
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21.5 Core clauses -- the Subcontractor's main responsibilities |
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327 | (1) |
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21.6 Core clauses -- time |
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328 | (1) |
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21.7 Core clauses -- quality management |
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329 | (1) |
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21.8 Core clauses -- payment |
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329 | (1) |
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21.9 Core clauses -- compensation events |
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330 | (1) |
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21.10 Core clauses -- title |
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330 | (1) |
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21.11 Core clauses -- liabilities and insurances |
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331 | (1) |
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21.12 Core clauses -- termination |
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331 | (1) |
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21.13 Resolving and avoiding disputes |
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331 | (2) |
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22 Legal decisions on NEC-based contracts |
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333 | (22) |
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333 | (1) |
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22.2 ABB Limited v. Bam Nuttall Ltd [ 2013] EWHC 1983 (TCC) |
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333 | (1) |
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22.3 Amey LG Ltd v. Cumbria County Council [ 2016] EWHC 2856 (TCC) |
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333 | (1) |
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22.4 Amey Wye Valley Ltd v. The County of Herefordshire District Council (Rev1) [ 2016] EWHC 2368 (TCC) |
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334 | (1) |
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22.5 Anglian Water Services Ltd v. Laing O'Rourke Utilities Ltd [ 2010] EWHC 1529 (TCC) |
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334 | (1) |
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22.6 Arbitration Application No 2 of 2016 & [ 2017] Scot CS CSOH 23 (P1039/16) |
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335 | (1) |
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22.7 Arcadis UK Ltd v. May and Baker Ltd (t/a Sanofi) [ 2013] EWHC 87 |
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335 | (1) |
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22.8 AMEC Group Ltd v. Secretary of State for Defence [ 2013] EWHC 110 (TCC) |
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335 | (1) |
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22.9 Aecom Design Build Ltd v. Staptina Engineering Services Ltd [ 2017] EWHC 723 (TCC) |
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336 | (1) |
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22.10 Atkins Ltd v. Secretary of State for Transport [ 2013] EWHC 139 (TCC) |
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336 | (1) |
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22.11 Balfour Beatty Ltd v. Gilcomston North Ltd and O Turner Insulation Ltd [ 2006] Scot CS CSOH 81 |
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337 | (1) |
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22.12 Cleveland Bridge UK Ltd v. Sarens (UK) Ltd [ 2018] EWHC 751 (TCC) |
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337 | (1) |
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22.13 Beumer Group UK Ltd v. Vinci Construction UK Ltd [ 2016] EWHC 2283 (TCC) |
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338 | (1) |
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22.14 Costain Ltd v. Tarmac Holdings Ltd [ 2017] EWHC 319 (TCC) |
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338 | (1) |
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22.15 Dynniq UK Ltd v. Lancashire County Council [ 2017] EWHC 3173 (TCC) |
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339 | (1) |
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22.16 Costa in Ltd & O'Rourke Civil Engineering Ltd & Bachy Soletance Ltd & Emcor Drake and Scull Group PLC v. Bechtel Ltd & Mr Fady Bassily [ 2005] EWHC 1018 (TCC) |
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339 | (1) |
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22.17 Ecovision Systems Ltd v. Vinci Construction UK Ltd (Revl) [ 2015] EWHC 587 (TCC) |
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340 | (1) |
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22.18 Farelly (M&E) Building Services Limited v. Byrne Brothers (Formwork) Ltd [ 2013] EWHC 1186 (TCC) |
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340 | (1) |
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22.19 Fermanagh District Council v. Gibson (Banbridge) Ltd [ 2014] NICA46 |
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341 | (1) |
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22.20 Ground Developments Ltd v. FCC Construction SA& Ors [ 2016] EWHC 1946 (TCC) |
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341 | (1) |
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22.21 Henry Brothers (Magherafelt) Ltd & Ors v. Department of Education for Northern Ireland [ 2007] NIQB 116, [ 2008] NIQB 105 |
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341 | (1) |
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22.22 Imtech Inviron Ltd v. Loppingdale Plant Ltd [ 2014] EWHC 4006 (TCC) |
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342 | (1) |
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22.23 Imperial Chemical Industries Ltd v. Merit Merrell Technology Ltd [ 2018] EWHC 1577 (TCC) |
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342 | (1) |
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22.24 Imperial Chemical Industries Ltd v. Merit Merrell Technology Ltd [ 2016] EWHC B30 (TCC) [ 2017] EWHC 1763 (TCC) |
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342 | (1) |
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22.25 Imperial Chemical Industries Ltd v. Merit Merrell Technology Ltd [ 2015] EWHC 2915 (TCC) |
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343 | (1) |
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22.26 Liberty Mercian Ltd v. Cuddy Civil Engineering Ltd & Anor [ 2013] EWHC 2688 (TCC), [ 2013] EWHC 4110 (TCC), [ 2014] EWHC 3584 (TCC) |
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343 | (1) |
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22.27 McAlpine PPS Pipeline Systems Joint Venture v. Transco PLC [ 2004] EWHC 2030 (TCC) |
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344 | (1) |
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22.28 FP McCann Ltd v. The Department for Regional Development [ 2016] NICh 12 |
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344 | (1) |
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22.29 McConnell Dowell Constructors (Aust) Pty Ltd v. National Grid Gas PLC [ 2006] EWHC 2551 (TCC) |
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344 | (1) |
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22.30 Mears Ltd v. Shoreline Housing Partnership Ltd [ 2013] EWHC 27, [ 2015] EWHC 1396 |
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345 | (1) |
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22.31 Maersk Oil UK Ltd (formerly Kerr-McGee Oil (UK) PLC) v. Dresser-Rand (UK) Ltd [ 2007] EWHC 752 (TCC) |
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345 | (1) |
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22.32 J Murphy & Sons Ltd v. W. Maher and Sons Ltd [ 2016] EWHC 1148 (TCC) |
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345 | (1) |
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22.33 Northern Ireland Housing Executive v. Combined Facilities Management [ 2014] NIQB 75 [ 2015] |
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346 | (1) |
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22.34 Northern Ireland Housing Executive v. Healthy Buildings Ltd [ 2013] NIQB 124/[ 2017] NIQB 43 |
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346 | (1) |
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22.35 ROK Building Limited v. Celtic Composting Systems Ltd [ 2009] EWHC 2664 (TCC), [ 2010] EWHC 66 |
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347 | (1) |
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22.36 RWE Npower Renewables Ltd v. JN Bentley Ltd [ 2013] EWHC 978 (TCC) |
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347 | (1) |
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22.37 RWE Npower Renewables Ltd v. [ N Bentley Ltd [ 2014] EWCA Civ 150 |
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347 | (1) |
|
22.38 Secretary of State for Defence v. Turner Estate Solutions Limited [ 2015] EWHC 1150 (TCC) |
|
|
348 | (1) |
|
22.39 SGL Carbon Fibres Ltd v. RBG Ltd [ 2012] Scot CS CSOH 19, [ 2010] CSOH 77 |
|
|
348 | (1) |
|
22.40 Stork Technical Services (RBG) Ltd v. Ros [ 2015] CSOH 10A |
|
|
348 | (1) |
|
22.41 Shepherd Construction Ltd v. Pinsent Masons LLP [ 2012] EWHC 43 (TCC) BLR 213, 141 Con LR 232 |
|
|
348 | (1) |
|
22.42 Seele Austria GmbH & Co Kg v. Tokio Marine Europe Insurance Ltd [ 2009] EWHC 2066 (TCC) |
|
|
349 | (1) |
|
22.43 SSE Genera] Ltd v. Hochtief Solutions AG & Anor [ 2015] Scot CS CSOH 92 |
|
|
349 | (1) |
|
22.44 Vinci Construction UK Ltd v. Beumer Group UK Ltd [ 2017] EWHC 2196 (TCC) |
|
|
350 | (1) |
|
22.45 Volker Stevin Limited v. Holystone Contracts Limited [ 2010] EWHC 2344 (TCC) |
|
|
350 | (1) |
|
22.46 Wales and West Utilities Limited v. PPS Pipeline Systems GmbH [ 2014] EWHC 54 (TCC) |
|
|
351 | (1) |
|
22.47 Walker Construction (UK) Ltd v. Quayside Homes Ltd and Peter Brett Associates LLP [ 2014] EWCA Civ 93 |
|
|
351 | (1) |
|
22.48 (1) Walter Llewellyn & Sons Limited (2) ROK Building Limited v. Excel Brickwork Limited [ 2010] EWHC 3415 (TCC) |
|
|
352 | (1) |
|
22.49 AE Yates Trenchless Solutions Ltd v. Black & Veatch Ltd [ 2008] EWHC 3183 (TCC) |
|
|
352 | (1) |
|
22.50 Weatherford Global Products Ltd v. Hydropath Holdings Ltd & Ors [ 2014] EWHC 2725 (TCC) |
|
|
352 | (1) |
|
22.51 WSP Cel Ltd v. Dalkia Utilities Services PLC [ 2012] EWHC 2428 (TCC) |
|
|
353 | (2) |
Table of cases |
|
355 | (4) |
Table of clause references |
|
359 | |