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E-grāmata: Offbeat Physics: Machines, Meditations and Misconceptions [Taylor & Francis e-book]

Edited by (Instituto Politécnico de Lisboa)
  • Formāts: 258 pages, 6 Tables, black and white; 94 Line drawings, black and white; 94 Illustrations, black and white
  • Izdošanas datums: 29-Apr-2022
  • Izdevniecība: CRC Press
  • ISBN-13: 9781003187103
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  • Cena: 160,08 €*
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Offbeat Physics: Machines, Meditations and MisconceptionsPalielināt
  • Formāts: 258 pages, 6 Tables, black and white; 94 Line drawings, black and white; 94 Illustrations, black and white
  • Izdošanas datums: 29-Apr-2022
  • Izdevniecība: CRC Press
  • ISBN-13: 9781003187103
Citas grāmatas par šo tēmu:
Taylor & Francis e-booksMore info about Taylor & Francis e-books
Rokasgrāmatas mājas lapa: https://www.taylorfrancis.com/books/9781003187103
"Offbeat Physics: Machines, Meditations and Misconceptions is a collection of articles on various topics in classical physics that have intrigued the author and their students throughout the years. The book is divided into three parts. Part I Machines comprises chapters that explain or model the workings of a number of machines (understood in a broad sense) on the basis of physical principles. These machines can be as simple as a rolling wheel, or as complex as a jet engine. Then in Part II Meditations, the authors go beyond the standard examples, experiments and approximations discussed ad nauseam in most physics textbooks, but which are not always very exciting or realistic. For example, what happens when colliding bodies are not perfectly rigid as we know real bodies are not? Finally, Part III Misconceptions aims to correct misconceptions that students may have about physical phenomena, or clarify issues that are often presented misleadingly, confusingly or imprecisely in textbooks, such as the relationship between angular momentum and angular velocity in rotational motion. This is a book for all those who wish to learn physics beyond the textbooks and from more realistic problems, often occurring in engineering contexts. It will be useful to instructors at all levels, as well as highly motivated students taking General Physics courses in higher education"--

Offbeat Physics: Machines, Meditations and Misconceptions is a collection of articles on various topics in classical physics that have intrigued the author and their students throughout the years. This is a book for all those who wish to learn physics beyond the textbooks and from more realistic problems, often occurring in engineering contexts. 

Preface xiii
Acknowledgments xv
Contributors xvii
I Machines
1(66)
1 Dynamics of Braking Vehicles: From Coulomb Friction to Anti-Lock Braking Systems
3(14)
J. M. Tavares
1.1 Introduction
3(2)
1.2 The dynamics of braking using Coulomb friction
5(4)
1.2.1 Static friction force
6(1)
1.2.2 Kinetic friction force
7(1)
1.2.3 The two regimes for braking
7(2)
1.3 The advantage of the ABS
9(2)
1.4 Comparison with the model [ 3] and with real data
11(6)
References
15(2)
2 Simple Thermodynamics of Jet Engines
17(18)
P. Patricio
J. M. Tavares
2.1 Introduction
18(1)
2.2 Performances of jet engines
19(1)
2.3 The simplest model of a jet engine
20(2)
2.4 Jet engine with an ideal compressor and turbine
22(3)
2.5 Overall efficiency and thrust
25(3)
2.6 Non-ideal compressor and turbine
28(2)
2.7 Conclusion
30(5)
Acknowledgments
31(2)
References
33(2)
3 Surprises of the Transformer as a Coupled Oscillator System
35(12)
J. P. Silva
A. J. Silvestre
3.1 Introduction
35(2)
3.2 Natural frequencies of a transformer
37(2)
3.3 Resonant frequencies of a driven transformer
39(4)
3.3.1 Decoupled circuits
42(1)
3.3.2 Maximum coupling
42(1)
3.4 Conclusions
43(4)
Acknowledgments
44(1)
References
45(2)
4 Maximum Thermodynamic Power Coefficient of a Wind Turbine
47(20)
J. M. Tavares
P. Patricio
4.1 Introduction
48(1)
4.2 Power coefficient of a wind turbine
49(1)
4.3 One-dimensional reversible fluid flows
50(9)
4.3.1 Incompressible flow
52(1)
4.3.2 Isentropic flow of an ideal gas
52(2)
4.3.3 Isothermal flow of an ideal gas
54(3)
4.3.4 Power coefficient calculations
57(2)
4.3.5 Analysis
59(1)
4.4 Conclusion
59(2)
4.5 Supplementary material
61(6)
4.5.1 Generalized clausius inequality
61(1)
4.5.2 Linear momentum equation
62(1)
4.5.3 Proof that o∫∫cv pnzdS = 0 for a compressible ideal flow
62(2)
Acknowledgments
64(1)
References
65(2)
II Meditations
67(158)
5 Mutual Inductance between Piecewise Linear Loops
69(20)
A. C. Barroso
J. P. Silva
5.1 Introduction
70(1)
5.2 The vector potential
71(2)
5.3 Line integral along a straight path
73(4)
5.3.1 General case
73(4)
5.3.2 Planar wires
77(1)
5.4 The magnetic flux and mutual inductance
77(1)
5.5 First application: two square wires on the plane
78(2)
5.6 Second application: two square wires stacked
80(3)
5.7 Conclusions
83(6)
Appendix
83(2)
Acknowledgments
85(2)
References
87(2)
6 The Hertz Contact in Chain Elastic Collisions
89(14)
P. Patricio
6.1 Introduction
89(1)
6.2 Independent collisions
90(1)
6.3 Noninstantaneous collisions
91(7)
6.3.1 The Hertz contact
92(1)
6.3.2 Dynamical equations
93(1)
6.3.3 Numerical resolution
94(4)
6.4 Discussion and conclusions
98(5)
Acknowledgments
99(2)
References
101(2)
7 Tilted Boxes on Inclined Planes
103(22)
A. M. Nunes
J. P. Silva
7.1 Introduction
104(1)
7.2 Boxes resting evenly on the plane
105(7)
7.2.1 Case 1: no sliding and no tumbling
108(1)
7.2.2 Case 2: no sliding and tumbling forward
108(1)
7.2.3 Case 3: sliding down and no tumbling
109(1)
7.2.4 Case 4: sliding down and tumbling forward
110(1)
7.2.5 Summary
110(2)
7.3 Boxes tilted with respect to the plane
112(8)
7.3.1 The case where 0 < φ ≤ β
114(1)
7.3.2 The case where β < φ < π/2
115(1)
7.3.2.1 The case of β < φ < π/2 and a = 0
116(1)
7.3.2.2 The case of β < φ < π/2 and a > 0
117(1)
7.3.2.3 The case of β < φ < π/2 and a < 0
118(1)
7.3.2.4 Summary
119(1)
7.4 Conclusions
120(5)
Acknowledgments
121(2)
References
123(2)
8 Magnetic Forces Acting on Rigid Current-Carrying Wires Placed in a Uniform Magnetic Field
125(8)
A. Casaca
J. P. Silva
Acknowledgments
129(2)
References
131(2)
9 Comparing a Current-Carrying Circular Wire with Polygons of Equal Perimeter: Magnetic Field versus Magnetic Flux
133(14)
J. P. Silva
A. J. Silvestre
9.1 Introduction
134(2)
9.2 Calculating the vector potential
136(2)
9.3 Calculating the flux
138(4)
9.4 Conclusions
142(5)
Acknowledgments
143(2)
References
145(2)
10 The Elastic Bounces of a Sphere between Two Parallel Walls
147(16)
J. M. Tavares
10.1 Introduction
147(2)
10.2 Collision with a horizontal wall
149(1)
10.3 Successive elastic collisions of a sphere with two parallel planar walls
150(13)
Acknowledgments
158(3)
References
161(2)
11 How Short and Light Can a Simple Pendulum Be for Classroom Use?
163(8)
V. Oliveira
11.1 Introduction
163(1)
11.2 Theoretical background
164(1)
11.3 The calculation of g
165(2)
11.4 Conclusions
167(4)
References
169(2)
12 Experiments with a Falling Rod
171(14)
V. Oliveira
12.1 Introduction
172(1)
12.2 Theoretical background
172(2)
12.3 Experiments and video analysis
174(3)
12.3.1 Rod released on a steel surface
174(2)
12.3.2 Rod released on the cloth surface of a mouse pad
176(1)
12.3.3 Rod released on a marble stone surface
176(1)
12.4 Comparison to theory
177(3)
12.5 Conclusions
180(5)
References
183(2)
13 Oscillations of a Rectangular Plate
185(14)
V. Oliveira
13.1 Introduction
185(1)
13.2 Experimental setup
186(1)
13.3 Results and Discussion
187(7)
13.3.1 Oscillations along the z-axis
187(5)
13.3.2 Oscillations along the z-axis
192(2)
13.4 Conclusions
194(5)
References
197(2)
14 Bullet Block Experiment: Angular Momentum Conservation and Kinetic Energy Dissipation
199(16)
J. M. Tavares
14.1 Introduction
200(2)
14.2 Plastic collision between a rigid body and a point particle
202(4)
14.2.1 Motion of the center of mass of the system
202(1)
14.2.2 Conservation of angular momentum about the CM
203(1)
14.2.3 Rotational kinetic energy
204(1)
14.2.4 Mechanical energy dissipated in the collision
205(1)
14.3 Dissipated energy and angular momentum conservation
206(4)
14.3.1 Thin rod
207(2)
14.3.2 Rectangular parallelepiped
209(1)
14.4 Conclusions
210(5)
Acknowledgments
211(2)
References
213(2)
15 The Continuity Equation in Ampere's Law
215(10)
J. P. Silva
A. J. Silvestre
15.1 Introduction
215(1)
15.2 The problem and its electrostatic analog
216(4)
15.3 The difference between the Biot-Savart law and Ampere's law
220(1)
15.4 Conclusions
221(4)
Acknowledgments
221(2)
References
223(2)
III Misconceptions
225(28)
16 On the Relation between Angular Momentum and Angular Velocity
227(10)
J. P. Silva
J. M. Tavares
16.1 Introduction
227(1)
16.2 Angular momentum of a particle describing circular motion
228(3)
16.2.1 Origin on the rotation axis
230(1)
16.2.2 Origin on the plane of motion
230(1)
16.2.3 Origin on the center of circular motion
230(1)
16.3 Angular momentum of two particles describing circular motion
231(6)
Reference
235(2)
17 A Very Abnormal Normal Force
237(8)
J. P. Silva
A. J. Silvestre
17.1 Introduction
237(1)
17.2 The first contradiction
238(2)
17.3 The second contradiction
240(1)
17.4 The solution to all problems
241(1)
17.5 The importance of the principle of energy conservation
242(1)
17.6 Conclusion
243(2)
18 Rolling Cylinder on an Inclined Plane
245(8)
V. Oliveira
18.1 Introduction
245(1)
18.2 Theoretical background
246(1)
18.3 Rolling without slipping
247(2)
18.4 Rolling and slipping
249(2)
18.5 Conclusions
251(2)
References 253(2)
Index 255
Paulo Teixeira is a Coordinator Professor at Instituto Politécnico de Lisboa, Portugal.
Permanent link: https://www.kriso.lv/db/9781003187103_pe.html
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