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E-grāmata: Optoelectronics: Infrared-Visable-Ultraviolet Devices and Applications, Second Edition

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  • Formāts: 300 pages
  • Izdošanas datums: 08-Oct-2018
  • Izdevniecība: CRC Press Inc
  • Valoda: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9781420067811
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Optoelectronics: Infrared-Visable-Ultraviolet Devices and Applications, Second EditionPalielināt
  • Formāts: 300 pages
  • Izdošanas datums: 08-Oct-2018
  • Izdevniecība: CRC Press Inc
  • Valoda: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9781420067811
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Organized as a mini-encyclopedia of infrared optoelectronic applications, this long awaited new edition of an industry standard updates and expands on the groundbreaking work of its predecessor. Pioneering experts, responsible for many advancements in the field, provide engineers with a fundamental understanding of semiconductor physics and the technical information needed to design infrared optoelectronic devices.





Fully revised to reflect current developments in the field, Optoelectronics: Infrared-Visible-Ultraviolet Devices and Applications, Second Edition reviews relevant semiconductor fundamentals, including device physics, from an optoelectronic industry perspective. This easy-reading text provides a practical engineering introduction to optoelectronic LEDs and silicon sensor technology for the infrared, visible, and ultraviolet portion of the electromagnetic spectrum.





Utilizing a practical and efficient engineering approach throughout, the text supplies design engineers and technical management with quick and uncluttered access to the technical information needed to design new systems.
Preface xix
The Authors xxi
Part 1 The Source (Infrared-Emitting Diodes)
Basic Theory
3(4)
Introduction
3(1)
P-N Junction Injection Electroluminescence
3(2)
Relative Efficiency
5(2)
Light-Emitting Diode Fabrication
7(10)
Introduction: Epitaxial Growth
7(1)
Liquid-Phase Epitaxy
7(6)
Gallium Arsenide
9(1)
Gallium Aluminum Arsenide
10(3)
Metal Organic Chemical Vapor Deposition
13(1)
Hydride Vapor-Phase Epitaxy
14(1)
Molecular Beam Epitaxy
15(2)
IRLED Packaging
17(44)
Introduction
17(2)
Techniques for Improving Photon Emission Efficiency
19(2)
Packaging the IRLED
21(4)
Characterization of the Packaged IRLED
25(14)
Package Side Emission
28(1)
Package Height
29(1)
Lens Quality
30(1)
Chip Centering
31(1)
Heat Dissipation
32(1)
Reliability
32(2)
Storage Temperature Range
34(1)
Operating Temperature
34(1)
Thermal Shock
34(1)
Solvent Resistance
34(1)
Hermeticity
35(1)
Mechanical Shock and Vibration
35(1)
Optical Consideration
35(4)
Understanding Thermal Impedance
39(7)
Thermal Impedance Calculations
39(7)
Understanding the Measurement of Radiant Energy
46(6)
General Discussion
46(5)
Parameter Definitions and Measurement Techniques
51(1)
Reliability
52(5)
Conclusion
57(4)
Part 2 The Receiver (Silicon Photosensor)
The Photodiode
61(14)
Basic Theory
61(3)
Photoelectric Effect
61(3)
Optimization
64(2)
Characterization
66(9)
The Phototransistor and Photodarlington
75(24)
Basic Theory
75(5)
Phototransistor
77(1)
Photodarlington
78(1)
RBE Phototransistor
79(1)
Characterization
80(19)
Switching Characteristics
82(15)
Package Lens Effects
97(2)
The Photointegrated Circuit
99(16)
Basic Theory
99(2)
IC Processing Steps
101(6)
Starting Wafer
101(1)
Buried Layer
101(1)
Epi
102(1)
Isolation
102(1)
Deep N+
102(1)
P+
103(1)
N+
104(1)
Resistors
104(1)
Contact
105(1)
Metal
105(1)
Passivation
106(1)
Backside Processing
106(1)
Other IC Devices
107(3)
Photodiodes
108(1)
Lateral PNP
109(1)
Vertical PNP
110(1)
Capacitor
110(1)
Summary
110(1)
Characterization
110(5)
Special-Function Photointegrated Circuits
115(10)
Basic Theory
115(1)
Triac Driver Photosensors
115(3)
Synchronous Driver Detector (SDD)
118(2)
Color Sensor
120(5)
Part 3 The Coupled Emitter (IRLED) Photosensor Pair
The Transmissive Optical Switch
125(16)
Slotted (Transmissive) Optical Switch
125(6)
Encoder Wheel Design
131(1)
Performance Characteristics
131(5)
Flag Switches
136(1)
Slotted Switch Summary
136(5)
The Reflective Optical Switch
141(14)
Electrical Considerations
141(10)
Mechanical Considerations
151(4)
Part 4 The Optical Isolator and Solid-State Relay
Electrical Considerations
155(22)
Background
155(1)
Function
156(4)
Different Types
160(7)
Introduction to Solid-State Relays (SSR)
167(1)
Applications
168(1)
Theory of Operation
168(1)
DC Input-DC Output SSR Operation
169(1)
DC Input-AC Output SSR Operation
170(1)
AC Input-AC Output SSR Operation
171(1)
Temperature Considerations
172(1)
Overvoltage and Overcurrent Surge Protection
173(1)
Zero Voltage Crossover
173(2)
Conclusion
175(2)
Mechanical and Thermal Considerations
177(14)
Mechanical Considerations
177(4)
Discrete Components
177(1)
Surface Mount Chip Carriers (SMCCs)
177(1)
SMCC Advantages
178(1)
The Emitter and Photosensor Assemblies
179(1)
Optoisolators
179(2)
Managing Junction Temperature of High-Power Light-Emitting Diodes
181(10)
Reduced MTTF and Accelerated Degradation
182(1)
Generating Heat
182(1)
Removing Heat
182(1)
Thermal Equilibrium
183(1)
Analogy to Electrical Circuits
183(1)
Determining Junction Temperature from Forward Voltage
184(1)
Passive Thermal Management
184(1)
Active Thermal Management
185(6)
Part 5 Open Air and Fiber-Optic Communication
Fiber-Optic Communication
191(6)
Basics
191(4)
Advantages
195(2)
Less Expensive
195(1)
Small Diameter and Light Weight
196(1)
Higher Capacity
196(1)
Nonconductivity
196(1)
Low Power
196(1)
Less Signal Loss
196(1)
Digital Signals
196(1)
Security
196(1)
Wireless Communication
197(8)
Basic Theory
197(3)
Background
200(5)
Part 6 IR Applications
Pulse Operation
205(6)
The IRLED
205(4)
The Photosensor
209(2)
Driving a Light-Emitting Device
211(4)
Introduction
211(1)
Variables
211(2)
Linear Operation
213(2)
Interfacing to the Photosensor
215(12)
The Photodiode
215(4)
The Phototransistor and Photodarlington
219(6)
Basic Interface Circuits for CMOS
221(1)
Basic Interface Circuits for TTL
222(3)
The Photointegrated Circuit
225(2)
Computer Peripheral and Business Equipment Applications
227(4)
Copiers and Printers
227(1)
Keyboards and Mice
227(1)
Touch Screens
227(1)
Data Interface
227(2)
Check/Card Reader
229(1)
Optical Couplers/Isolators
229(2)
Industrial Applications
231(10)
Safety-Related Optical Sensors
231(1)
Hazardous Fluid Sensing
232(3)
Security and Surveillance Systems
235(1)
Mechanical Aids, Robotics
236(2)
Miscellaneous Optical Sensors
238(1)
Optical Couplers/Isolators
238(3)
Automotive Applications
241(4)
Existing Applications
241(4)
Military Applications
245(4)
Military Applications for Optical Sensors
245(4)
Consumer Applications
249(6)
TV and Game Controls
249(1)
CD and DVD Discs
249(1)
Dollar Bill Changers
250(1)
Coin Changers
250(1)
Smoke Detectors
251(2)
Slot Machines
253(1)
Camera Applications
254(1)
Optical Golf Games
254(1)
Household Appliance Controls
254(1)
Medical Applications
255(8)
Introduction
255(1)
Pill-Counting Systems
255(1)
Electrical Isolation Systems
255(1)
Infusion Pump Application
255(2)
Hemodialysis Equipment Application
257(1)
Fluid and Bubble Sensing for Medical Applications
257(3)
Intravenous Drop Monitor
260(1)
Pulse Rate Detection
260(3)
Telecommunications
263(6)
Telecommunications Overview
263(6)
Part 7 Visible and Ultraviolet Technologies
Visible-Light-Emitting Diodes (VLEDs)
269(20)
Introduction
269(1)
What Is an LED?
269(4)
Chip (Die)
269(2)
Packaging
271(1)
Phosphor Coatings
272(1)
Secondary Optics
273(1)
Generating Light
273(1)
Optical, Thermal, and Electrical Measurements
274(5)
Measurement of Parameters
274(5)
Laboratory Testing
279(4)
Reliability
283(4)
Lifetime and Operation of LEDs
283(1)
Factors Affecting LED Lifetime
284(3)
Applications
287(2)
Ultraviolet Electromagnetic Radiation
289(26)
Overview
289(1)
The UV Spectrum
289(2)
Fluorescent Lamp
291(1)
Types of UV Lamps
292(2)
UV Lamp Aging
294(1)
RoHS and WEEE Concerns for UV Lamps
295(1)
Failure Modes in UV Gas Discharge Lamps
295(1)
Overview of UV Applications
296(1)
Germicidal Effects of UV Light
297(6)
Ultraviolet LED
303(2)
UV Packaging Technology
305(4)
Currency and Document Validation Applications
309(1)
Industrial UV Curing Applications
310(2)
Air-Water-Surface Disinfection
312(1)
Medical and Forensic Applications
313(2)
Bibliography 315(2)
Glossary 317(10)
Index 327
Birtalan, Dave; Nunley, William
Biežāk uzdotie jautājumi par e-grāmatām Biežāk uzdotie jautājumi par e-grāmatām
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