| Foreword |
|
xiii | |
| Preface to the First Edition |
|
xv | |
| Preface |
|
xvii | |
| Acknowledgments |
|
xix | |
| Part I: Introduction to Orthopedic Radiology |
|
|
The Role of the Orthopedic Radiologist |
|
|
3 | (14) |
|
|
|
16 | (1) |
|
Imaging Techniques in Orthopedics |
|
|
17 | (20) |
|
Choice of Imaging Modality |
|
|
17 | (1) |
|
|
|
17 | (17) |
|
|
|
17 | (1) |
|
Magnification Radiography |
|
|
18 | (1) |
|
|
|
18 | (1) |
|
|
|
18 | (1) |
|
Fluoroscopy and Video Taping |
|
|
18 | (1) |
|
|
|
19 | (1) |
|
|
|
19 | (1) |
|
|
|
20 | (4) |
|
|
|
24 | (1) |
|
Tenography and Bursography |
|
|
24 | (1) |
|
|
|
25 | (1) |
|
|
|
25 | (1) |
|
|
|
25 | (1) |
|
|
|
25 | (1) |
|
Scintigraphy (Radionuclide Bone Scan) |
|
|
25 | (3) |
|
|
|
28 | (1) |
|
|
|
28 | (1) |
|
|
|
28 | (1) |
|
|
|
28 | (1) |
|
|
|
28 | (1) |
|
|
|
29 | (1) |
|
Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography |
|
|
29 | (1) |
|
Magnetic Resonance Imaging |
|
|
30 | (4) |
|
|
|
34 | (3) |
|
Bone Formation and Growth |
|
|
37 | (8) |
|
|
|
41 | (4) |
| Part II: Trauma |
|
|
Radiologic Evaluation of Trauma |
|
|
45 | (44) |
|
Radiologic Imaging Modalities |
|
|
45 | (6) |
|
Fractures and Dislocations |
|
|
51 | (29) |
|
|
|
52 | (1) |
|
Radiographic Evaluation of Fractures |
|
|
53 | (4) |
|
Indirect Signs as Diagnostic Clues |
|
|
57 | (6) |
|
Radiographic Evaluation of Dislocations |
|
|
63 | (1) |
|
Monitoring the Results of Treatment |
|
|
63 | (1) |
|
Fracture Healing and Complications |
|
|
63 | (5) |
|
Other Complications of Fractures and Dislocations |
|
|
68 | (12) |
|
|
|
80 | (3) |
|
|
|
83 | (2) |
|
Practical Points to Remember |
|
|
85 | (1) |
|
|
|
86 | (3) |
|
Upper Limb I: Shoulder Girdle and Elbow |
|
|
89 | (62) |
|
|
|
89 | (33) |
|
Anatomic--Radiologic Considerations |
|
|
89 | (16) |
|
Injury to the Shoulder Girdle |
|
|
105 | (1) |
|
Fractures About the Shoulder |
|
|
105 | (6) |
|
Dislocations in the Glenohumeral Joint |
|
|
111 | (3) |
|
|
|
114 | (1) |
|
|
|
115 | (4) |
|
Injury to the Cartilaginous Labrum |
|
|
119 | (1) |
|
Miscellaneous Abnormalities |
|
|
119 | (3) |
|
|
|
122 | (23) |
|
Anatomic--Radiologic Considerations |
|
|
122 | (8) |
|
|
|
130 | (1) |
|
Fractures About the Elbow |
|
|
130 | (10) |
|
Osteochondritis Dissecans of the Capitellum |
|
|
140 | (2) |
|
Dislocations in the Elbow Joint |
|
|
142 | (3) |
|
Practical Points to Remember |
|
|
145 | (2) |
|
|
|
147 | (4) |
|
Upper Limb II: Distal Forearm, Wrist, and Hand |
|
|
151 | (46) |
|
|
|
151 | (12) |
|
Anatomic--Radiologic Considerations |
|
|
151 | (5) |
|
Injury to the Distal Forearm |
|
|
156 | (1) |
|
Fractures of the Distal Radius |
|
|
156 | (6) |
|
Injury to the Soft Tissue at the Distal Radioulnar Articulation |
|
|
162 | (1) |
|
|
|
163 | (28) |
|
Anatomic--Radiologic Considerations |
|
|
163 | (8) |
|
|
|
171 | (1) |
|
Fractures of the Carpal Bones |
|
|
171 | (5) |
|
|
|
176 | (4) |
|
Dislocations of the Carpal Bones |
|
|
180 | (5) |
|
|
|
185 | (3) |
|
|
|
188 | (1) |
|
Fractures of the Metacarpal Bones |
|
|
188 | (1) |
|
Injury to the Soft Tissue of the Hand |
|
|
189 | (2) |
|
Practical Points to Remember |
|
|
191 | (1) |
|
|
|
192 | (5) |
|
Lower Limb I: Pelvic Girdle and Proximal Femur |
|
|
197 | (30) |
|
Anatomic--Radiologic Considerations |
|
|
197 | (8) |
|
Injury to the Pelvis and Acetabulum |
|
|
205 | (1) |
|
Classification of Pelvic Fractures |
|
|
205 | (2) |
|
|
|
207 | (1) |
|
|
|
207 | (1) |
|
|
|
207 | (1) |
|
Miscellaneous Pelvic Fractures |
|
|
208 | (1) |
|
Fractures of the Acetabulum |
|
|
209 | (4) |
|
Injury to the Proximal Femur |
|
|
213 | (1) |
|
Fractures of the Proximal Femur |
|
|
213 | (2) |
|
|
|
215 | (1) |
|
|
|
215 | (6) |
|
Dislocations in the Hip Joint |
|
|
221 | (2) |
|
Practical Points to Remember |
|
|
223 | (1) |
|
|
|
224 | (3) |
|
|
|
227 | (50) |
|
Anatomic--Radiologic Considerations |
|
|
227 | (14) |
|
|
|
241 | (1) |
|
|
|
241 | (1) |
|
Fractures of the Distal Femur |
|
|
241 | (1) |
|
Fractures of the Proximal Tibia |
|
|
242 | (6) |
|
|
|
248 | (1) |
|
Fractures and Dislocations of the Patella |
|
|
248 | (1) |
|
Sinding-Larsen-Johansson and Osgood-Schlatter Diseases |
|
|
249 | (2) |
|
Injuries to the Cartilage of the Knee |
|
|
251 | (1) |
|
|
|
251 | (2) |
|
Osteochondritis Dissecans |
|
|
253 | (3) |
|
Spontaneous Osteonecrosis |
|
|
256 | (2) |
|
Injury to the Soft Tissues About the Knee |
|
|
258 | (1) |
|
|
|
258 | (1) |
|
|
|
258 | (6) |
|
Tendon and Ligament Injuries |
|
|
264 | (1) |
|
Tears of the Medial Collateral Ligament |
|
|
264 | (2) |
|
Tears of the Cruciate Ligaments |
|
|
266 | (3) |
|
Tears of the Quadriceps Tendon and Patellar Ligament |
|
|
269 | (1) |
|
Practical Points to Remember |
|
|
270 | (1) |
|
|
|
271 | (6) |
|
Lower Limb III: Ankle and Foot |
|
|
277 | (54) |
|
Anatomic--Radiologic Considerations |
|
|
277 | (3) |
|
Imaging of the Ankle and Foot |
|
|
280 | (16) |
|
|
|
296 | (2) |
|
Fractures About the Ankle Joint |
|
|
298 | (2) |
|
Fracture of the Distal Tibia |
|
|
300 | (1) |
|
|
|
300 | (2) |
|
|
|
302 | (1) |
|
Triplanar (Marmor-Lynn) Fracture |
|
|
303 | (2) |
|
|
|
305 | (1) |
|
|
|
305 | (2) |
|
|
|
307 | (1) |
|
|
|
307 | (1) |
|
Injury to the Soft Tissues About the Ankle Joint and Foot |
|
|
307 | (2) |
|
Tear of the Medial Collateral Ligament |
|
|
309 | (1) |
|
Tear of the Lateral Collateral Ligament |
|
|
310 | (2) |
|
Tear of the Distal Anterior Tibiofibular Ligament |
|
|
312 | (1) |
|
|
|
312 | (3) |
|
|
|
315 | (1) |
|
|
|
315 | (1) |
|
Fractures of the Calcaneus |
|
|
315 | (5) |
|
|
|
320 | (2) |
|
Osteochondritis Dissecans of the Talus |
|
|
322 | (1) |
|
|
|
322 | (2) |
|
|
|
324 | (1) |
|
Dislocations in the Subtalar Joint |
|
|
324 | (1) |
|
Tarsometatarsal Dislocation |
|
|
324 | (1) |
|
|
|
324 | (2) |
|
Practical Points to Remember |
|
|
326 | (1) |
|
|
|
326 | (5) |
|
|
|
331 | (66) |
|
|
|
331 | (32) |
|
Anatomic--Radiologic Considerations |
|
|
331 | (15) |
|
Injury to the Cervical Spine |
|
|
346 | (1) |
|
Fractures of the Occipital Condyles |
|
|
347 | (1) |
|
Occipitocervical Dislocations |
|
|
348 | (1) |
|
Fractures of the C-1 and C-2 Vertebrae |
|
|
348 | (8) |
|
Fractures of the Mid and Lower Cervical Spine |
|
|
356 | (5) |
|
|
|
361 | (2) |
|
|
|
363 | (28) |
|
Anatomic--Radiologic Considerations |
|
|
363 | (8) |
|
Injury to the Thoracolumbar Spine |
|
|
371 | (1) |
|
Fractures of the Thoracolumbar Spine |
|
|
371 | (1) |
|
|
|
372 | (1) |
|
|
|
372 | (2) |
|
|
|
374 | (2) |
|
|
|
376 | (3) |
|
Spondylolysis and Spondylolisthesis |
|
|
379 | (4) |
|
Injury to the Diskovertebral Junction |
|
|
383 | (1) |
|
|
|
383 | (1) |
|
Intravertebral Disk Herniation |
|
|
384 | (2) |
|
Posterior and Posterolateral Disk Herniation |
|
|
386 | (5) |
|
Practical Points to Remember |
|
|
391 | (1) |
|
|
|
392 | (5) |
| Part III: Arthritides |
|
|
Radiologic Evaluation of the Arthritides |
|
|
397 | (30) |
|
Radiologic Imaging Modalities |
|
|
397 | (9) |
|
|
|
397 | (5) |
|
Magnification Radiography |
|
|
402 | (1) |
|
Tomography, Computed Tomography, and Arthrography |
|
|
402 | (2) |
|
|
|
404 | (1) |
|
|
|
405 | (1) |
|
Magnetic Resonance Imaging |
|
|
405 | (1) |
|
|
|
406 | (18) |
|
|
|
406 | (1) |
|
|
|
406 | (1) |
|
|
|
407 | (13) |
|
|
|
420 | (1) |
|
Monitoring the Results of Treatment |
|
|
420 | (1) |
|
Complications of Surgical Treatment |
|
|
421 | (3) |
|
Practical Points to Remember |
|
|
424 | (1) |
|
|
|
425 | (2) |
|
Degenerative Joint Disease |
|
|
427 | (26) |
|
|
|
427 | (12) |
|
Osteoarthritis of the Large Joints |
|
|
428 | (1) |
|
Osteoarthritis of the Hip |
|
|
429 | (3) |
|
Osteoarthritis of the Knee |
|
|
432 | (3) |
|
Osteoarthritis of Other Large Joints |
|
|
435 | (1) |
|
Osteoarthritis of the Small Joints |
|
|
436 | (1) |
|
Primary Osteoarthritis of the Hand |
|
|
436 | (1) |
|
Secondary Osteoarthritis of the Hand |
|
|
436 | (1) |
|
|
|
436 | (2) |
|
|
|
438 | (1) |
|
Osteoarthritis of the Foot |
|
|
439 | (1) |
|
Degenerative Diseases of the Spine |
|
|
439 | (9) |
|
Osteoarthritis of the Synovial Joints |
|
|
439 | (3) |
|
Degenerative Disk Disease |
|
|
442 | (1) |
|
|
|
442 | (2) |
|
Diffuse Idiopathic Skeletal Hyperostosis (DISH) |
|
|
444 | (1) |
|
Complications of Degenerative Disease of the Spine |
|
|
444 | (1) |
|
Degenerative Spondylolisthesis |
|
|
444 | (2) |
|
|
|
446 | (2) |
|
|
|
448 | (1) |
|
Practical Points to Remember |
|
|
449 | (1) |
|
|
|
450 | (3) |
|
|
|
453 | (26) |
|
|
|
453 | (3) |
|
|
|
455 | (1) |
|
|
|
456 | (9) |
|
Adult Rheumatoid Arthritis |
|
|
456 | (1) |
|
|
|
456 | (1) |
|
|
|
456 | (1) |
|
|
|
456 | (1) |
|
|
|
457 | (3) |
|
|
|
460 | (1) |
|
Complications of Rheumatoid Arthritis |
|
|
461 | (2) |
|
|
|
463 | (1) |
|
Juvenile Rheumatoid Arthritis |
|
|
463 | (1) |
|
|
|
463 | (1) |
|
Polyarticular Juvenile Rheumatoid Arthritis |
|
|
463 | (1) |
|
Juvenile Rheumatoid Arthritis with Pauciarticular Onset |
|
|
464 | (1) |
|
Other Types of Juvenile Rheumatoid Arthritis |
|
|
464 | (1) |
|
|
|
464 | (1) |
|
Seronegative Spondyloarthropathies |
|
|
465 | (10) |
|
|
|
465 | (1) |
|
|
|
465 | (1) |
|
|
|
466 | (2) |
|
|
|
468 | (1) |
|
|
|
468 | (1) |
|
|
|
468 | (1) |
|
|
|
469 | (1) |
|
|
|
469 | (3) |
|
|
|
472 | (2) |
|
Enteropathic Arthropathies |
|
|
474 | (1) |
|
Practical Points to Remember |
|
|
475 | (1) |
|
|
|
476 | (3) |
|
Miscellaneous Arthritides and Arthropathies |
|
|
479 | (26) |
|
Connective Tissue Arthropathies |
|
|
479 | (7) |
|
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus |
|
|
479 | (4) |
|
|
|
483 | (1) |
|
Polymyositis and Dermatomyositis |
|
|
484 | (1) |
|
Mixed Connective Tissue Disease |
|
|
484 | (1) |
|
|
|
485 | (1) |
|
Metabolic and Endocrine Arthritides |
|
|
486 | (10) |
|
|
|
486 | (1) |
|
|
|
487 | (1) |
|
Examination of Synovial Fluid |
|
|
487 | (1) |
|
|
|
487 | (3) |
|
CPPD Crystal Deposition Disease |
|
|
490 | (1) |
|
|
|
490 | (1) |
|
|
|
491 | (1) |
|
CHA Crystal Deposition Disease |
|
|
492 | (1) |
|
|
|
492 | (2) |
|
Alkaptonuria (Ochronosis) |
|
|
494 | (1) |
|
|
|
494 | (1) |
|
|
|
495 | (1) |
|
|
|
496 | (3) |
|
|
|
496 | (1) |
|
Multicentric Reticulohistiocytosis |
|
|
496 | (1) |
|
|
|
497 | (1) |
|
|
|
498 | (1) |
|
Arthritis Associated with Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome |
|
|
498 | (1) |
|
|
|
498 | (1) |
|
Practical Points to Remember |
|
|
499 | (1) |
|
|
|
500 | (5) |
| Part IV: Tumors and Tumor-like Lesions |
|
|
Radiologic Evaluation of Tumors and Tumor-like Lesions |
|
|
505 | (42) |
|
Classification of Tumors and Tumor-like Lesions |
|
|
505 | (3) |
|
Radiologic Imaging Modalities |
|
|
508 | (9) |
|
Tumors and Tumor-like Lesions of the Bone |
|
|
517 | (19) |
|
|
|
517 | (1) |
|
|
|
517 | (2) |
|
|
|
519 | (1) |
|
Radiographic Features of Bone Lesions |
|
|
520 | (12) |
|
|
|
532 | (3) |
|
Monitoring Treatment Results |
|
|
535 | (1) |
|
|
|
536 | (1) |
|
|
|
536 | (6) |
|
Practical Points to Remember |
|
|
542 | (2) |
|
|
|
544 | (3) |
|
Benign Tumors and Tumor-like Lesions I: Bone-Forming Lesions |
|
|
547 | (24) |
|
Benign Osteoblastic Lesions |
|
|
547 | (20) |
|
|
|
547 | (1) |
|
|
|
547 | (3) |
|
|
|
550 | (7) |
|
|
|
557 | (1) |
|
|
|
558 | (3) |
|
|
|
561 | (1) |
|
|
|
562 | (3) |
|
|
|
565 | (1) |
|
|
|
566 | (1) |
|
Practical Points to Remember |
|
|
567 | (1) |
|
|
|
568 | (3) |
|
Benign Tumors and Tumor-like Lesions II: Lesions of Cartilaginous Origin |
|
|
571 | (28) |
|
Benign Chondroblastic Lesions |
|
|
571 | (23) |
|
|
|
571 | (5) |
|
|
|
576 | (1) |
|
|
|
576 | (2) |
|
|
|
578 | (1) |
|
Enchondromatosis (Ollier Disease) |
|
|
578 | (2) |
|
|
|
580 | (1) |
|
|
|
580 | (3) |
|
|
|
583 | (1) |
|
|
|
584 | (2) |
|
Multiple Osteocartilaginous Exostoses |
|
|
586 | (2) |
|
|
|
588 | (1) |
|
|
|
588 | (1) |
|
|
|
589 | (2) |
|
Treatment and Complications |
|
|
591 | (1) |
|
|
|
591 | (2) |
|
|
|
593 | (1) |
|
|
|
593 | (1) |
|
Practical Points to Remember |
|
|
594 | (1) |
|
|
|
595 | (4) |
|
Benign Tumors and Tumor-like Lesions III: Fibrous, Fibroosseous, and Fibrohistiocytic Lesions |
|
|
599 | (20) |
|
Fibrous Cortical Defect and Nonossifying Fibroma |
|
|
599 | (2) |
|
Complications and Treatment |
|
|
601 | (1) |
|
Benign Fibrous Histiocytoma |
|
|
601 | (1) |
|
|
|
602 | (1) |
|
|
|
602 | (9) |
|
Monostotic Fibrous Dysplasia |
|
|
602 | (3) |
|
Polyostotic Fibrous Dysplasia |
|
|
605 | (2) |
|
|
|
607 | (2) |
|
|
|
609 | (2) |
|
|
|
611 | (1) |
|
Complications and Treatment |
|
|
612 | (1) |
|
|
|
612 | (3) |
|
Practical Points to Remember |
|
|
615 | (1) |
|
|
|
616 | (3) |
|
Benign Tumors and Tumor-like Lesions IV: Miscellaneous Lesions |
|
|
619 | (36) |
|
|
|
619 | (4) |
|
Complications and Differential Diagnosis |
|
|
619 | (1) |
|
|
|
619 | (4) |
|
|
|
623 | (8) |
|
Complications and Differential Diagnosis |
|
|
630 | (1) |
|
|
|
630 | (1) |
|
|
|
631 | (5) |
|
|
|
634 | (1) |
|
Treatment and Complications |
|
|
634 | (2) |
|
Fibrocartilaginous Mesenchymoma |
|
|
636 | (1) |
|
|
|
637 | (5) |
|
|
|
641 | (1) |
|
|
|
642 | (1) |
|
|
|
642 | (1) |
|
Nonneoplastic Lesions Simulating Tumors |
|
|
643 | (6) |
|
|
|
643 | (1) |
|
Brown Tumor of Hyperparathyroidism |
|
|
644 | (1) |
|
Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis (Eosinophilic Granuloma) |
|
|
645 | (2) |
|
Chester-Erdheim Disease (Lipogranulomatosis) |
|
|
647 | (1) |
|
|
|
648 | (1) |
|
|
|
648 | (1) |
|
Practical Points to Remember |
|
|
649 | (1) |
|
|
|
650 | (5) |
|
Malignant Bone Tumors I: Osteosarcomas and Chondrosarcomas |
|
|
655 | (32) |
|
|
|
655 | (18) |
|
|
|
655 | (1) |
|
Conventional Osteosarcoma |
|
|
655 | (7) |
|
Low-Grade Central Osteosarcoma |
|
|
662 | (1) |
|
Telangiectatic Osteosarcoma |
|
|
662 | (1) |
|
|
|
663 | (1) |
|
Fibrohistiocytic Osteosarcoma |
|
|
663 | (2) |
|
Intracortical Osteosarcoma |
|
|
665 | (1) |
|
|
|
665 | (1) |
|
Multicentric Osteosarcoma |
|
|
666 | (1) |
|
Juxtacortical Osteosarcomas |
|
|
666 | (1) |
|
|
|
667 | (2) |
|
Dedifferentiated Parosteal Osteosarcoma |
|
|
669 | (1) |
|
|
|
670 | (2) |
|
High-Grade Surface Osteosarcoma |
|
|
672 | (1) |
|
|
|
672 | (1) |
|
|
|
673 | (7) |
|
|
|
673 | (1) |
|
Conventional Chondrosarcoma |
|
|
673 | (4) |
|
Clear-Cell Chondrosarcoma |
|
|
677 | (1) |
|
Mesenchymal Chondrosarcoma |
|
|
678 | (1) |
|
Dedifferentiated Chondrosarcoma |
|
|
679 | (1) |
|
Periosteal Chondrosarcoma |
|
|
679 | (1) |
|
Secondary Chondrosarcomas |
|
|
679 | (1) |
|
Practical Points to Remember |
|
|
680 | (1) |
|
|
|
681 | (6) |
|
Malignant Bone Tumors II: Miscellaneous Tumors |
|
|
687 | (34) |
|
Fibrosarcoma and Malignant Fibrous Histiocytoma |
|
|
687 | (3) |
|
|
|
687 | (3) |
|
Complications and Treatment |
|
|
690 | (1) |
|
|
|
690 | (5) |
|
|
|
693 | (1) |
|
|
|
693 | (2) |
|
|
|
695 | (2) |
|
|
|
696 | (1) |
|
|
|
697 | (1) |
|
|
|
697 | (3) |
|
|
|
699 | (1) |
|
Complications and Treatment |
|
|
700 | (1) |
|
|
|
700 | (1) |
|
|
|
701 | (1) |
|
|
|
701 | (2) |
|
Complications and Treatment |
|
|
702 | (1) |
|
Benign Conditions with Malignant Potential |
|
|
703 | (4) |
|
|
|
703 | (1) |
|
Chronic Draining Sinus Tract of Osteomyelitis |
|
|
704 | (1) |
|
Plexiform Neurofibromatosis |
|
|
705 | (1) |
|
|
|
706 | (1) |
|
Radiation-Induced Sarcoma |
|
|
706 | (1) |
|
|
|
707 | (5) |
|
|
|
711 | (1) |
|
Practical Points to Remember |
|
|
712 | (1) |
|
|
|
713 | (8) |
|
Tumors and Tumor-like Lesions of the Joints |
|
|
721 | (18) |
|
Benign Lesions Synovial (Osteo) Chondromatosis |
|
|
721 | (8) |
|
|
|
721 | (1) |
|
Pigmented Villonodular Synovitis |
|
|
721 | (4) |
|
|
|
725 | (3) |
|
|
|
728 | (1) |
|
|
|
728 | (1) |
|
|
|
729 | (4) |
|
|
|
731 | (1) |
|
|
|
731 | (1) |
|
|
|
732 | (1) |
|
Malignant Pigmented Villonodular Synovitis |
|
|
732 | (1) |
|
Practical Points to Remember |
|
|
733 | (1) |
|
|
|
734 | (5) |
| Part V: Infections |
|
|
Radiologic Evaluation of Musculoskeletal Infections |
|
|
739 | (14) |
|
Muscoloskeletal Infections |
|
|
739 | (2) |
|
|
|
739 | (1) |
|
|
|
740 | (1) |
|
|
|
741 | (1) |
|
|
|
741 | (1) |
|
Radiologic Evaluation of Infections |
|
|
741 | (5) |
|
Monitoring the Treatment and Complications of Infections |
|
|
746 | (3) |
|
Practical Points to Remember |
|
|
749 | (1) |
|
|
|
750 | (3) |
|
Osteomyelitis, Infectious Arthritis, and Soft-tissue Infections |
|
|
753 | (22) |
|
|
|
753 | (7) |
|
|
|
753 | (1) |
|
Acute and Chronic Osteomyelitis |
|
|
753 | (1) |
|
|
|
753 | (1) |
|
|
|
753 | (1) |
|
Nonpyogenic Bone Infections |
|
|
753 | (1) |
|
|
|
753 | (3) |
|
|
|
756 | (2) |
|
|
|
758 | (1) |
|
Differential Diagnosis of Osteomyelitis |
|
|
759 | (1) |
|
|
|
760 | (3) |
|
Pyogenic Joint Infections |
|
|
760 | (1) |
|
|
|
760 | (1) |
|
Nonpyogenic Joint Infections |
|
|
760 | (1) |
|
|
|
760 | (2) |
|
Other Infectious Arthritides |
|
|
762 | (1) |
|
|
|
763 | (6) |
|
|
|
763 | (3) |
|
|
|
766 | (1) |
|
Tuberculosis of the Spine |
|
|
766 | (3) |
|
|
|
769 | (1) |
|
Practical Points to Remember |
|
|
770 | (1) |
|
|
|
771 | (4) |
| Part VI: Metabolic and Endocrine Disorders |
|
|
Radiologic Evaluation of Metabolic and Endocrine Disorders |
|
|
775 | (10) |
|
Composition and Production of Bone |
|
|
775 | (1) |
|
Evaluation of Metabolic and Endocrine Disorders |
|
|
775 | (8) |
|
Radiologic Imaging Modalities |
|
|
775 | (2) |
|
Conventional and Magnification Radiography |
|
|
777 | (3) |
|
Conventional and Computed Tomography |
|
|
780 | (2) |
|
|
|
782 | (1) |
|
Practical Points to Remember |
|
|
783 | (1) |
|
|
|
784 | (1) |
|
Osteoporosis, Rickets, and Osteomalacia |
|
|
785 | (12) |
|
|
|
785 | (4) |
|
|
|
786 | (3) |
|
|
|
789 | (1) |
|
|
|
789 | (5) |
|
|
|
790 | (1) |
|
|
|
790 | (1) |
|
Vitamin D-Resistant Rickets |
|
|
791 | (1) |
|
|
|
792 | (2) |
|
|
|
794 | (1) |
|
Practical Points to Remember |
|
|
795 | (1) |
|
|
|
796 | (1) |
|
|
|
797 | (8) |
|
|
|
797 | (1) |
|
Physiology of Calcium Metabolism |
|
|
797 | (2) |
|
|
|
799 | (2) |
|
|
|
801 | (1) |
|
Practical Points to Remember |
|
|
802 | (1) |
|
|
|
803 | (2) |
|
|
|
805 | (18) |
|
|
|
805 | (1) |
|
|
|
805 | (8) |
|
|
|
813 | (1) |
|
|
|
813 | (5) |
|
|
|
813 | (1) |
|
Degenerative Joint Disease |
|
|
814 | (1) |
|
|
|
814 | (2) |
|
|
|
816 | (2) |
|
|
|
818 | (1) |
|
Practical Points to Remember |
|
|
819 | (1) |
|
|
|
820 | (3) |
|
Miscellaneous Metabolic and Endocrine Disorders |
|
|
823 | (18) |
|
Familial Idiopathic Hyperphosphatasia |
|
|
823 | (1) |
|
|
|
823 | (1) |
|
|
|
823 | (1) |
|
|
|
823 | (5) |
|
|
|
823 | (5) |
|
|
|
828 | (2) |
|
|
|
828 | (1) |
|
|
|
828 | (2) |
|
|
|
830 | (1) |
|
|
|
830 | (2) |
|
|
|
830 | (1) |
|
|
|
830 | (1) |
|
|
|
830 | (2) |
|
|
|
832 | (2) |
|
|
|
832 | (1) |
|
|
|
833 | (1) |
|
|
|
834 | (1) |
|
|
|
834 | (2) |
|
|
|
834 | (1) |
|
|
|
834 | (1) |
|
|
|
835 | (1) |
|
Practical Points to Remember |
|
|
836 | (1) |
|
|
|
837 | (4) |
| Part VII: Congenital and Developmental Anomalies |
|
|
Radiologic Evaluation of Skeletal Anomalies |
|
|
841 | (14) |
|
|
|
841 | (4) |
|
Radiologic Imaging Modalities |
|
|
845 | (8) |
|
Practical Points to Remember |
|
|
853 | (1) |
|
|
|
854 | (1) |
|
Anomalies of the Upper and Lower Limbs |
|
|
855 | (36) |
|
Anomalies of the Shoulder Girdle and Upper Limbs |
|
|
855 | (2) |
|
Congenital Elevation of the Scapula |
|
|
855 | (2) |
|
|
|
857 | (1) |
|
Anomalies of the Pelvic Girdle and Hip |
|
|
857 | (18) |
|
Congenital Hip Dislocation (Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip) |
|
|
858 | (1) |
|
|
|
858 | (1) |
|
|
|
859 | (1) |
|
Arthrography and Computed Tomography |
|
|
860 | (2) |
|
|
|
862 | (2) |
|
|
|
864 | (1) |
|
|
|
864 | (3) |
|
|
|
867 | (1) |
|
Proximal Femoral Focal Deficiency |
|
|
867 | (1) |
|
Classification and Radiographic Evaluation |
|
|
867 | (1) |
|
|
|
867 | (1) |
|
Legg-Calve-Perthes Disease |
|
|
868 | (1) |
|
|
|
868 | (1) |
|
|
|
869 | (1) |
|
|
|
870 | (1) |
|
|
|
870 | (1) |
|
Slipped Capital Femoral Epiphysis |
|
|
870 | (1) |
|
|
|
871 | (2) |
|
Treatment and Complications |
|
|
873 | (2) |
|
Anomalies of the Lower Limbs |
|
|
875 | (3) |
|
|
|
875 | (1) |
|
Radiographic Evaluation and Differential Diagnosis |
|
|
876 | (1) |
|
|
|
877 | (1) |
|
|
|
878 | (1) |
|
Dysplasia Epiphysealis Hemimelica |
|
|
878 | (1) |
|
Radiographic Evaluation and Treatment |
|
|
878 | (1) |
|
|
|
878 | (3) |
|
Measurements and Radiographic Evaluation |
|
|
879 | (2) |
|
|
|
881 | (1) |
|
Congenital Vertical Talus |
|
|
881 | (2) |
|
|
|
881 | (1) |
|
|
|
882 | (1) |
|
|
|
883 | (3) |
|
Calcaneonavicular Coalition |
|
|
883 | (1) |
|
|
|
884 | (1) |
|
|
|
884 | (2) |
|
Practical Points to Remember |
|
|
886 | (2) |
|
|
|
888 | (3) |
|
Scoliosis and Anomalies with General Affect on the Skeleton |
|
|
891 | (40) |
|
|
|
891 | (10) |
|
|
|
891 | (1) |
|
|
|
891 | (1) |
|
|
|
891 | (1) |
|
|
|
891 | (5) |
|
|
|
896 | (4) |
|
|
|
900 | (1) |
|
Anomalies with General Affect on the Skeleton |
|
|
901 | (30) |
|
|
|
902 | (2) |
|
|
|
904 | (1) |
|
|
|
904 | (1) |
|
|
|
905 | (1) |
|
|
|
905 | (2) |
|
|
|
907 | (1) |
|
|
|
908 | (2) |
|
|
|
910 | (4) |
|
Fibrodysplasia Ossificans Progressiva (Myositis Ossificans Progressiva) |
|
|
914 | (1) |
|
|
|
914 | (1) |
|
|
|
914 | (1) |
|
Sclerosing Dysplasias of Bone |
|
|
914 | (1) |
|
|
|
914 | (2) |
|
Pycnodysostosis (Pyknodysostosis) |
|
|
916 | (2) |
|
Enostosis, Osteopoikilosis, and Osteopathia Striata |
|
|
918 | (2) |
|
Progressive Diaphyseal Dysplasia |
|
|
920 | (1) |
|
|
|
921 | (3) |
|
Other Mixed Sclerosing Dysplasias |
|
|
924 | (1) |
|
Practical Points to Remember |
|
|
925 | (2) |
|
|
|
927 | (4) |
| Figure Credits |
|
931 | (2) |
| Subject Index |
|
933 | |
