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Oxford Desk Reference: Major Trauma [Hardback]

Edited by (Consultant Trauma Surgeon, University of Bi), Edited by (Consultant and Professor of Emergency Medicine, James Cook University Hospital, Middlesborough, UK), Edited by (Surgeon Commander, Royal Navy, Emergency Department, Derriford Hospital, Plymouth, UK)
  • Formāts: Hardback, 604 pages, height x width x depth: 248x177x36 mm, weight: 1343 g, Various black and white line drawings, photos and tables
  • Sērija : Oxford Desk Reference Series
  • Izdošanas datums: 11-Nov-2010
  • Izdevniecība: Oxford University Press
  • ISBN-10: 0199543321
  • ISBN-13: 9780199543328
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  • Formāts: Hardback, 604 pages, height x width x depth: 248x177x36 mm, weight: 1343 g, Various black and white line drawings, photos and tables
  • Sērija : Oxford Desk Reference Series
  • Izdošanas datums: 11-Nov-2010
  • Izdevniecība: Oxford University Press
  • ISBN-10: 0199543321
  • ISBN-13: 9780199543328
Citas grāmatas par šo tēmu:
The Oxford Desk Reference: Major Trauma is the missing link between basic trauma management and advanced specialist care. Advanced Trauma Life Support courses have revolutionised trauma care in the last 3 decades, but there is little advice for the key decision makers in trauma care once the primary and secondary surveys are complete. This volume is a practical and evidence-based desk reference, giving a comprehensive walk-through from the initial phases of injury, through key decision-making in the resuscitation room, to surgical principles and rehabilitation. Including chapters on damage control, ballistic and blast injuries, and bariatric trauma, this text covers all the main areas of trauma care necessary for the trauma specialist in the 21st Century.

The Oxford Desk Reference emphasises practical help but also covers the evidence and science behind trauma management. It includes the most up-to-date guidance from national bodies making recommendations for trauma care, using an international team of contributing authors. This book will become an essential tool for everyday use in the management of trauma.

Recenzijas

This book, to say the least, is an immense contribution to the effort of saving the lives trauma patients in hospitals and other health care centers worldwide. Preventive actions on a large-scale basis by governments would contribute to probably tens (or hundreds) of thousands more lives saved. * Bizindia, Jan 2013 *

Abbreviations xiii
Contributors xvii
1 The trauma epidemic
1(10)
The trauma epidemic
2(7)
Further reading
9(2)
2 Pre-hospital emergency care
11(12)
Pre-hospital emergency care
12(2)
Scene safety
14(3)
Scene and casualty assessment
17(1)
Initial casualty management
18(2)
Communications
20(3)
3 Initial assessment
23(10)
Initial assessment
24(2)
The primary survey
26(4)
The secondary survey
30(2)
Further investigation and management
32(1)
4 The trauma team
33(6)
The trauma team
34(3)
Further reading
37(2)
5 Airway management in trauma
39(28)
Airway management in trauma
40(2)
Basic airway manoeuvres
42(2)
More advanced interventions
44(6)
Rapid sequence induction of anaesthesia and intubation
50(4)
Drugs in rapid sequence intubation
54(4)
Alternative airway techniques
58(4)
The failed airway
62(4)
Further reading
66(1)
6 Assessment of breathing --- thoracic injuries
67(28)
Assessment of breathing---thoracic injuries
68(3)
Do we need to decompress the chest prior to chest X-ray?
71(1)
Assessing the need for assisted ventilation
72(2)
Tension pneumothorax
74(2)
Massive haemothorax
76(2)
Open pneumothorax
78(2)
Flail chest
80(2)
Penetrating chest injuries
82(4)
Other chest injuries
86(4)
Thoracostomy and chest drain insertion
90(2)
Resuscitation room thoracotomy
92(2)
Further reading
94(1)
7 Circulatory assessment
95(22)
Circulatory assessment
96(4)
Shock
100(4)
Hypovolaemic shock due to haemorrhage
104(1)
Haemostasis
105(1)
Treatment of haemorrhagic shock
106(2)
Fluid resuscitation therapy
108(4)
Other causes of shock
112(3)
Further reading
115(2)
8 Head injuries
117(20)
Neurological assessment
118(6)
Pathophysiology of brain injury
124(2)
Classification of brain injuries
126(4)
Management of head injuries
130(6)
Outcome after brain injuries
136(1)
Summary
136(1)
Further reading
136(1)
9 Radiology in trauma
137(16)
Introduction
138(2)
Primary survey
140(6)
Secondary survey imaging
146(2)
Control of haemorrhage, angiography, and interventional radiology
148(3)
Conclusion
151(1)
Further reading
151(2)
10 Tertiary survey
153(10)
What is a tertiary survey?
154(2)
`Head to toe' clinical examination
156(2)
Timing of tertiary survey
158(4)
Further reading
162(1)
11 Spinal injury
163(46)
Spinal injury
164(8)
Pathophysiology of spinal cord injury
172(2)
Principles of treatment of spinal injuries
174(4)
Investigations
178(4)
Emergency interventions
182(2)
Definitive treatment options
184(2)
Clearing the cervical spine
186(2)
Transfer of patients with spinal injuries
188(1)
Classification of vertebral fractures
188(4)
Specific spinal injuries by region
192(8)
Paediatric spinal injuries
200(4)
Rehabilitation of spinal cord injury and complications
204(2)
Outcome following spinal injury
206(1)
Further reading
207(2)
12 Abdominal trauma
209(28)
Abdominal trauma
210(6)
Initial assessment
216(2)
Resuscitation room investigations
218(4)
Investigations outside the resuscitation room
222(4)
The trauma laparotomy and damage control
226(4)
Selective non-operative management
230(2)
Critical decision making in abdominal trauma
232(4)
Further reading
236(1)
13 Pelvic injuries
237(12)
Pelvic injuries
238(4)
Management of pelvic ring fractures
242(2)
Pelvic stabilization
244(2)
Other pelvic injuries
246(1)
Further reading
247(2)
14 Limb injuries
249(30)
Limb injuries
250(4)
Open fractures
254(2)
Fracture healing
256(2)
Methods of reduction
258(2)
Internal fixation
260(4)
Intramedullary nails
264(2)
External fixation
266(2)
Late complications of fractures
268(6)
Joint injuries
274(2)
Further reading
276(3)
15 Crush injury
279(12)
Crush injury
280(2)
Principles of management
282(4)
Complications
286(2)
Outcome
288(1)
Key points
288(1)
Further reading
289(2)
16 Vascular trauma
291(22)
Vascular trauma
292(6)
Management of vascular trauma
298(6)
Specific vascular injuries
304(7)
Conclusion
311(1)
Further reading
312(1)
17 Eye trauma
313(16)
Eye trauma
314(4)
Specific injuries
318(6)
Management and referral
324(3)
Further reading
327(2)
18 Maxillofacial trauma
329(22)
Maxillofacial trauma
330(2)
Clinical examination
332(2)
Radiographic assessment
334(2)
Maxillofacial haemorrhage
336(2)
Maxillofacial fractures
338(6)
Management of soft tissue injury
344(2)
Fracture management
346(2)
Dentoalveolar trauma
348(2)
Further reading
350(1)
19 Damage control
351(8)
Damage control
352(6)
Further reading
358(1)
20 Paediatric trauma
359(14)
Paediactric injury
360(4)
Management of the injured child
364(4)
Non-accidental injury
368(2)
Epiphyseal injuries
370(1)
Pitfalls in the management of paediatric trauma
371(1)
Further reading
371(2)
21 Trauma in pregnancy
373(10)
Trauma in pregnancy
374(2)
Diagnostic imaging
376(1)
Other diagnostic tools
377(1)
Management of trauma in pregnancy
378(2)
Specific conditions
380(2)
Frequently asked questions
382(1)
Further reading
382(1)
22 Burn injuries
383(12)
Burn injuries
384(4)
Assessment of the extent of burn
388(4)
Mortality data
392(2)
Further reading
394(1)
23 Penetrating torso injury
395(12)
Penetrating injuries
396(2)
Patients presenting in refractory shock, partial responders or gross physical signs
398(4)
Patients presenting in shock that improves following resuscitation
402(2)
Patients who are physiologically normal
404(1)
Summary
405(1)
Further reading
405(2)
24 Ballistic and blast injuries
407(20)
Pathophysiology of ballistic wounding
408(2)
Mechanism of wound production
410(4)
Presentation and initial management of ballistic wounds
414(4)
Blast injury
418(4)
Clinical and pathological effects of explosions
422(2)
Principles of management
424(2)
Further reading
426(1)
25 Chemical, biological, and radiation injuries
427(24)
Introduction
428(2)
Incident management
430(2)
Triage
432(1)
Principles of CBRN casualty management
433(1)
Chemical agents (including industrial and military threats)
434(2)
Chemical asphyxiants
436(2)
Nerve agents
438(1)
Lung damaging (pulmonary) agents
439(1)
Vesicants (blistering) agents
440(2)
Incapacitants
442(2)
Biological agents
444(1)
Syndromic approach to biological casualties
445(1)
Biological agents of concern
446(2)
Radiological and nuclear hazards
448(1)
Radiological and nuclear incidents
449(1)
Further reading
450(1)
26 Critical care issues in trauma
451(28)
Ventilation
452(6)
Perfusion
458(6)
Hypothermia
464(4)
Acidosis
468(2)
Systemic inflammatory response and sepsis
470(6)
Further reading
476(3)
27 Trauma retrieval
479(16)
Trauma retrieval
480(4)
Medical retrieval
484(2)
Equipment
486(4)
The retrieval process
490(3)
Summary
493(1)
Further reading
494(1)
28 Psychological aspects of trauma
495(12)
Psychological aspects of trauma
496(2)
Post-traumatic diagnoses
498(2)
Bereavement, grief, and mourning
500(2)
Major incidents
502(2)
Non-mental health specialist help
504(2)
Further reading
506(1)
29 Rehabilitation after trauma
507(12)
Rehabilitation after trauma
508(4)
Amputation
512(2)
Traumatic brain injury
514(1)
Spinal cord injury
515(1)
Rehabilitation following musculoskeletal trauma
516(1)
Conclusion
516(1)
Further reading
517(2)
30 Commonly missed injuries
519(8)
Diagnostic errors
520(1)
Head injuries
521(1)
Chest injuries
522(1)
The abdomen
523(1)
Spine
524(1)
Limb injuries
525(1)
Conclusion
526(1)
31 Research in trauma
527(14)
Introduction
528(2)
Trauma scoring systems
530(4)
Trauma outcome evaluation
534(2)
Trauma databases
536(2)
Role of the trauma nurse co-ordinator
538(1)
Further reading
539(2)
32 Bariatric trauma
541(6)
Introduction
542(3)
Key points
545(1)
Further reading
545(2)
33 Major incidents
547(24)
Definitions and context
548(4)
Command and control
552(4)
Safety
556(2)
Communication
558(1)
Assessment
559(1)
Trage
560(4)
Treatment
564(2)
Transport
566(3)
Further reading
569(2)
Index 571
Jason Smith qualified in medicine from Newcastle University in 1992, and has since pursued a career as a Medical Officer in the Royal Navy. He underwent training in emergency medicine in London, Plymouth and Sydney, before being appointed as a Consultant in Derriford Hospital, Plymouth. He is a Senior Lecturer in the Academic Department of Military Emergency Medicine, Royal Centre for Defence Medicine, and has extensive operational trauma experience in Iraq and Afghanistan. His current research interests include pain in emergency patients and the management of blast injuries.

Ian Greaves qualified at the University of Birmingham Medical School in 1986. He trained in General Medicine and Emergency Medicine, joined the British Army and was appointed Consultant in 1997. He was appointed to Visiting Professor in Emergency Medicine at the University of Teesside in 2002. He is author or editor of several books and numerous chapters and papers on Emergency Medicine, Trauma and Pre-hospital Care. He is Chairman of the Research Committee, Member of the Speciality Advisory Board and Member of the Management Board of the Faculty of Pre-hospital Care.

Keith Porter is a Consultant Trauma Surgeon and an Immediate Care Practitioner. Qualifying originally in London but doing much of his higher surgical training in the West Midlands, he was originally appointed Consultant Trauma Surgeon at the Birmingham Accident Hospital in 1986. With changes in hospital practice he is now Senior Trauma Surgeon at University Hospital Birmingham. He is also an active immediate care practitioner working both in urban practice in Birmingham and also in rural practice in Hereford & Worcester. He is the Medical Director of the West Midlands Central Accident Resuscitation (CARE) team and actively involved in both the delivery of pre-hospital care and education within the region.