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E-grāmata: Papacy in the Age of Totalitarianism, 1914-1958

(Fellow of Trinity Hall, University of Cambridge, Emeritus Professor of Modern History, Anglia University, and Balsdon Fellow of the British School at Rome, 2013-2014)
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The Papacy in the Age of Totalitarianism, 1914-1958 examines the most momentous years in papal history. Popes Benedict XV (1914-1922), Pius XI (1922-1939), and Pius XII (1939-1958) faced the challenges of two world wars and the Cold War, and threats posed by totalitarian dictatorships like Italian Fascism, German National Socialism, and Communism in Russia and China. The wars imposed enormous strains upon the unity of Catholics and the hostility of the totalitarian regimes to Catholicism lead to the Church facing persecution and martyrdom on a scale similar to that experienced under the Roman Empire and following the French Revolution.

At the same time, these were years of growth, development, and success for the papacy. Benedict healed the wounds left by the 'modernist' witch hunt of his predecessor and re-established the papacy as an influence in international affairs through his peace diplomacy during the First World War. Pius XI resolved the 'Roman Question' with Italy and put papal finances on a sounder footing. He also helped reconcile the Catholic Church and science by establishing the Pontifical Academy of Sciences and took the first steps to move the Church away from entrenched anti-Semitism. Pius XI continued his predecessor's policy of the 'indigenisation' of the missionary churches in preparation for de-colonisation. Pius XII fully embraced the media and other means of publicity, and with his infallible promulgation of the Assumption in 1950, he took papal absolutism and centralism to such heights that he has been called the 'last real pope'. Ironically, he also prepared the way for the Second Vatican Council.

Recenzijas

This book is a valuable overview of developments in the papacy in the first half of the twentieth century. * Peter C. Kent, University of New Brunswick, Journal of Ecclesiastical History * Pollard's book portrays the three popes as diplomats as well as pastors. The integration of these two papal roles as well as the global mileu of papal concern are commendabale features of the book. * Hilmar M.Patel, The Tablet * a sober, balanced, comprehensive, and scholarly study. * Robert Nowell, Church Times * a judicious, nuanced, and well-informed examination. * Lauren Faulkner Rossi, Contemporary Church History Quarterly * This is a book that will please scholars and students, most certainly, but also a much wider audience looking for a new approach to one of the most eventful periods of the twentieth century. * Dianne Kirby, Journal of Contemporary History *

Abbreviations xv
1 Introduction
1(28)
2 `Useless Slaughter': Benedict XV and the First World War
29(46)
3 Benedict XV: The Post-War World and the Church
75(47)
4 Pius XI: Italian Fascism and the Conciliazione
122(38)
5 Pius XI: The Teacher and His Church
160(42)
6 The `Foreign Policy' of Pius XI in the 1920s
202(39)
7 Pius XI and the Dictators, 1930--9
241(50)
8 Pius XII: Peace Diplomacy and War
291(35)
9 Pius XII: War and Fascist Genocides
326(38)
10 Pius XII: Communism and the Cold War
364(51)
11 `Angelic Pastor'? Pius XII and the Worldwide Church
415(32)
12 The Papacy in the Age of Totalitarianism
447(32)
Glossary 479(6)
Sources 485(20)
Index 505
John Pollard is a British historian, fellow of Trinity Hall at University of Cambridge and Emeritus Professor of Modern European History at Anglia Polytechnic University. His publications include Money and the Rise of the Modern Papacy: Financing the Vatican, 1850-1950 (Cambridge University Press, 2008) and Benedict XV: The Pope of Peace (Burns and Oates Ltd., 2005).