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Parameterization Schemes: Keys to Understanding Numerical Weather Prediction Models [Mīkstie vāki]

4.33/5 (6 ratings by Goodreads)
(National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Norman, Oklahoma)
  • Formāts: Paperback / softback, 480 pages, height x width x depth: 244x170x25 mm, weight: 760 g, Worked examples or Exercises
  • Izdošanas datums: 03-Dec-2009
  • Izdevniecība: Cambridge University Press
  • ISBN-10: 0521126762
  • ISBN-13: 9780521126762
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  • Cena: 70,32 €
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Parameterization Schemes: Keys to Understanding Numerical Weather Prediction ModelsPalielināt
  • Formāts: Paperback / softback, 480 pages, height x width x depth: 244x170x25 mm, weight: 760 g, Worked examples or Exercises
  • Izdošanas datums: 03-Dec-2009
  • Izdevniecība: Cambridge University Press
  • ISBN-10: 0521126762
  • ISBN-13: 9780521126762
Citas grāmatas par šo tēmu:
Permanent link: https://www.kriso.lv/db/9780521126762.html
Keywords:
This book provides in-depth explorations of the most commonly used types of parameterization schemes. It summarises and compares several parameterizations. This will be an essential reference for academic researchers, meteorologists, weather forecasters, and graduate students interested in numerical weather prediction and its use in weather forecasting.

Numerical weather prediction models play an increasingly important role in meteorology, both in short- and medium-range forecasting and global climate change studies. The most important components of any numerical weather prediction model are the subgrid-scale parameterization schemes, and the analysis and understanding of these schemes is a key aspect of numerical weather prediction. This book provides in-depth explorations of the most commonly used types of parameterization schemes that influence both short-range weather forecasts and global climate models. Several parameterizations are summarised and compared, followed by a discussion of their limitations. Review questions at the end of each chapter enable readers to monitor their understanding of the topics covered, and solutions are available to instructors at www.cambridge.org/9780521865401. This will be an essential reference for academic researchers, meteorologists, weather forecasters, and graduate students interested in numerical weather prediction and its use in weather forecasting.

Recenzijas

Review of the hardback: ' Stensrud's book is principally a good and well-edited book. It fills a gap as a comparable volume is presently not available on the market. It fits well as a first course to convey the basic ideas and problems one encounters when heading at closing numerical models for subgrid-scale processes. It is well suited to introduce one of the key problems in numerical simulation of geophysical flows. It is probably also a good book for all those who have to deal with large-scale weather forecast and climate models.' Meteorologische Zeitschrift

Papildus informācija

Reference on numerical weather prediction for academic researchers, meteorologists, and graduate students.
Preface xi
List of principal symbols and abbreviations xv
1 Why study parameterization schemes?
1
1.1 Introduction
1
1.2 Model improvements
3
1.3 Motivation
7
1.4 Question
11
2 Land surface—atmosphere parameterizations
12
2.1 Introduction
12
2.2 Overview of the surface energy budget
14
2.3 Net radiation
23
2.4 Sensible heat flux
28
2.5 Latent heat flux
42
2.6 Ground heat flux
48
2.7 Surface energy budget equation
55
2.8 Representation of terrain
56
2.9 Discussion
58
2.10 Questions
60
3 Soil—vegetation—atmosphere parameterizations
63
3.1 Introduction
63
3.2 Describing vegetation in models
66
3.3 Describing soils in models
75
3.4 Biophysical control of evapotranspiration
80
3.5 Momentum transfer
92
3.6 Soil moisture availability
93
3.7 Radiation
107
3.8 Specifying soil temperature and soil moisture
109
3.9 Discussion
109
3.10 Questions
117
4 Water-atmosphere parameterizations
120
4.1 Introduction
120
4.2 Observing sea surface temperature
124
4.3 Sensible heat flux
127
4.4 Latent heat flux
133
4.5 Coupled ocean-atmosphere models
135
4.6 Discussion
135
4.7 Questions
137
5 Planetary boundary layer and turbulence parameterizations
138
5.1 Introduction
138
5.2 Reynolds averaging
146
5.3 Turbulence closure
147
5.4 Non-local closure schemes
151
5.5 Local closure schemes
164
5.6 Turbulence and horizontal diffusion
175
5.7 Discussion
176
5.8 Questions
181
6 Convective parameterizations
185
6.1 Introduction
185
6.2 Influences of deep convection on the environment
193
6.3 Deep-layer control convective schemes
201
6.4 Low-level control convective schemes
227
6.5 Shallow convection
249
6.6 Trigger functions
249
6.7 Discussion
250
6.8 Questions
258
7 Microphysics parameterizations
260
7.1 Introduction
260
7.2 Particle types
265
7.3 Particle size distributions
274
7.4 Bulk microphysical parameterizations
275
7.5 Discussion
297
7.6 Questions
304
8 Radiation parameterizations
306
8.1 Introduction
306
8.2 Basic concepts
309
8.3 Longwave radiative flux
315
8.4 Shortwave radiative flux
326
8.5 Radiative transfer data sets
335
8.6 Discussion
337
8.7 Questions
343
9 Cloud cover and cloudy-sky radiation parameterizations
346
9.1 Introduction
346
9.2 Cloud cover parameterizations
349
9.3 Cloud–radiation interactions
360
9.4 Discussion
367
9.5 Questions
371
10 Orographic drag parameterizations 373
10.1 Introduction
373
10.2 Simple theory
375
10.3 Gravity wave drag parameterizations
384
10.4 Low-level blocking drag parameterizations
387
10.5 Discussion
388
10.6 Questions
392
11 Thoughts on the future 393
11.1 Introduction
393
11.2 Ensemble predictions
395
11.3 Ensembles and high-resolution single forecasts
401
11.4 Statistical postprocessing
403
11.5 The road forward
405
References 408
Index 449