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x | |
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xiii | |
| Foreword |
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xv | |
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| Preface |
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xvii | |
| Acknowledgments |
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xx | |
| Definitions |
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xxii | |
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1 | (104) |
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1 From Innovative Street Layouts to the Fight against Urban Motorways in the United States |
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3 | (17) |
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Innovative Street Layouts |
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4 | (3) |
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Housing for a Better World |
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7 | (5) |
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12 | (1) |
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13 | (2) |
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The Congested Cities and the Motorway Revolt |
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15 | (5) |
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2 Motorization and Footpath Planning During the Third Reich |
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20 | (10) |
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Adolf Hitler and the Promotion of Motorization |
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20 | (1) |
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21 | (4) |
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Pedestrian Planning in Hitler's New Town: Wolfsburg |
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25 | (2) |
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A New Approach for City Centers |
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27 | (3) |
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3 The Role of the Pedestrian after the Second World War in West Germany: The Early Years |
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30 | (16) |
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30 | (1) |
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30 | (5) |
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The Missed Chance of Reconstruction |
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35 | (2) |
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Massive Road Building in Urban Areas |
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37 | (5) |
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Car Restrictions in City Centers |
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42 | (4) |
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4 Pedestrianization, Public Transport and Traffic Calming in West Germany |
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46 | (13) |
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46 | (1) |
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The Role of Public Transport and its Impact on Pedestrianization |
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46 | (1) |
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Pedestrianization: Research and Practice |
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47 | (4) |
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Traffic Calming: Ideas and Practice |
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51 | (4) |
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Conflicts about 30kph (20mph) Speed Limits and Other Disagreements |
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55 | (4) |
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5 The `Better Germany'? Urban Planning, Transport and Pedestrian-Friendly Devices in East Germany |
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59 | (21) |
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59 | (2) |
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`National in Style but Democratic in Content': The First Housing Projects and Their Pedestrian Streets |
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61 | (4) |
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New Towns: Eisenhuttenstadt, Halle-Neustadt and Schwedt |
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65 | (4) |
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69 | (2) |
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Reconstruction of Destroyed and Neglected City Centers and Urban Areas |
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71 | (2) |
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Pedestrianization in East German Cities |
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73 | (4) |
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The Change From East to West |
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77 | (3) |
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6 The British Approach Toward Road Transport and the Pedestrian in Urban Areas from the 1940s to the Early 1970s |
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80 | (15) |
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Ideas about Urban Roads and the First Attempts at Traffic Calming |
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80 | (5) |
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Traffic in New Towns and Pedestrianization |
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85 | (2) |
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The Professional Background of Colin Buchanan |
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87 | (1) |
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`Traffic in Towns' and its Impact |
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88 | (4) |
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A Period of Experimentation |
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92 | (3) |
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7 British Attempts to Achieve Better Walking Conditions in the Late 1970s to the 1990s |
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95 | (10) |
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The Beginning of Traffic Calming |
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95 | (1) |
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Initiatives of Local Authorities and Other Professionals |
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96 | (2) |
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Government Action and Criticism |
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98 | (2) |
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Change of Government in 1997 and the Role of the Pedestrians |
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100 | (5) |
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105 | (190) |
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8 Walking in Great Britain and the Greater London Case Study |
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107 | (22) |
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Background: The National Trend in Walking |
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107 | (1) |
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Pedestrianization: The Last 40 Years |
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107 | (1) |
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Pedestrianization: A Comparison between Germany and the UK (and Other Countries) |
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108 | (4) |
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112 | (1) |
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Other Policies to Promote Walking |
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113 | (5) |
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118 | (11) |
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9 Walking in Germany: Is there Progress? |
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129 | (20) |
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New and Not so New Initiatives |
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129 | (2) |
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131 | (1) |
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131 | (6) |
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137 | (6) |
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143 | (6) |
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10 The Nordic Approach: Denmark |
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149 | (17) |
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149 | (1) |
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149 | (2) |
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Research on Walking: The Work of Jan Gehl and his Team |
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151 | (2) |
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153 | (8) |
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161 | (5) |
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166 | (19) |
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166 | (1) |
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166 | (3) |
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169 | (6) |
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175 | (3) |
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178 | (4) |
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182 | (3) |
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12 The United States and Canada: An Overview of Walking Research and Policies |
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185 | (15) |
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Research in the Use of Urban Space and Pedestrian Behavior |
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185 | (2) |
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Policy-related Research on Walking |
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187 | (4) |
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191 | (5) |
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196 | (1) |
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197 | (3) |
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13 Walking in the United States: A European View: The Leaders |
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200 | (35) |
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200 | (9) |
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209 | (3) |
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212 | (3) |
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215 | (4) |
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219 | (5) |
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224 | (3) |
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227 | (2) |
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229 | (6) |
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14 Walking in the United States: A European View: The Followers |
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235 | (34) |
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235 | (7) |
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242 | (4) |
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246 | (4) |
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250 | (3) |
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253 | (4) |
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257 | (3) |
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260 | (3) |
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263 | (6) |
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269 | (26) |
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269 | (6) |
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Synthesis: Pedestrian-friendly Street Designs and the Battle About Livable Streets in the United States, Germany and Britain |
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269 | (6) |
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275 | (20) |
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Walking: The General Trend |
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275 | (1) |
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Important Factors to Promote Walking |
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276 | (5) |
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281 | (4) |
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Reality: What can be Achieved? |
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285 | (4) |
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Learning from the Case Study Cities |
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289 | (2) |
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291 | (4) |
| References |
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295 | (16) |
| Index |
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311 | |
Biežāk uzdotie jautājumi par e-grāmatām