Acknowledgements |
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xiii | |
Preface |
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xv | |
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Chapter 1 The scope of this book |
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1 | (10) |
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1 | (5) |
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1.2 Goals and potential impact of this book |
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6 | (3) |
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1.3 Structure of the book |
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9 | (2) |
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Chapter 2 Conceptual metaphor theory and the study of metaphors in poetry |
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11 | (42) |
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2.1 Metaphor: Then and now |
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11 | (8) |
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2.1.1 Literal vs. metaphorical language |
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11 | (3) |
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2.1.2 Metaphor -- A matter of language, thought, and action |
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14 | (5) |
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2.2 Embodiment in verbal and non-verbal metaphor understanding |
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19 | (4) |
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20 | (1) |
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21 | (2) |
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23 | (10) |
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24 | (3) |
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2.3.2 What counts as metaphor and do people always access conceptual metaphor when producing or understanding metaphorical language? |
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27 | (3) |
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2.3.3 Do people always use conceptual metaphors when producing or understanding metaphorical language? |
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30 | (3) |
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33 | (16) |
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2.4.1 The meanings and functions of poetic metaphors |
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34 | (3) |
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37 | (7) |
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2.4.3 Difficulties in applying MIP to poetry |
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44 | (3) |
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2.4.4 Are poetic metaphors always deliberate? |
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47 | (2) |
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2.5 How are poetic metaphors studied in this book? |
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49 | (4) |
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Chapter 3 Poetic metaphors: Empirical investigations |
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53 | (8) |
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3.1 Qualitative investigations into the study of metaphors in poetry |
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54 | (1) |
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3.2 Poems used in the studies |
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55 | (1) |
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3.3 Identification of conceptual metaphors in the selected poems |
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56 | (1) |
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3.4 Questionnaires sent to poets (study 1) |
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57 | (1) |
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3.5 Interviews with poets (study 2) |
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57 | (1) |
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3.6 Written think aloud protocols (study 3) |
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58 | (3) |
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Chapter 4 Poets' perspectives on the meanings and functions of metaphors in poetry |
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61 | (16) |
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4.1 What do metaphors mean to you? |
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62 | (2) |
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4.2 What is the function of metaphors? Why do you use them? |
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64 | (2) |
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4.3 What would you call the origins or sources of your metaphors? |
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66 | (2) |
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4.4 Do you think that constructing metaphorical expressions is a very conscious, intentional process, or do you rather subconsciously place metaphors in your writing? |
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68 | (4) |
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4.5 To what extent do you think you can foresee, or even control, readers' reactions to the metaphors you use? |
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72 | (2) |
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4.6 Please feel free to make any further remarks on the topic of metaphors in your poetry here |
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74 | (3) |
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Chapter 5 An in-depth analysis of metaphors in six contemporary poems |
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77 | (24) |
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5.1 Jason D. Peterson's "How we got here" |
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78 | (3) |
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5.2 Rae Armantrout's "The Difficulty" |
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81 | (3) |
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5.3 Frank Beck's "The Copper Husk Allegory" |
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84 | (2) |
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5.4 Shirley Geok-Lin Lim's "Night Vision" |
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86 | (5) |
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5.5 Robert Pinsky's "The Hearts" |
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91 | (3) |
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5.6 James Arthur's "Wind" |
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94 | (4) |
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98 | (3) |
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Chapter 6 On readers' engagements with poetry |
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101 | (50) |
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6.1 Data analysis and coding |
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102 | (2) |
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104 | (3) |
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6.3 Individual poems and interpretation patterns |
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107 | (22) |
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6.3.1 Analyses of participants' responses to Frank Beck's "The Copper Husk Allegory" |
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108 | (2) |
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6.3.2 Analyses of participants' responses to Jason David Peterson's "How we got here" |
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110 | (4) |
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6.3.3 Analyses of participants' responses to Rae Armantrout's "Difficulty" |
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114 | (3) |
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6.3.4 Analyses of participants' responses to Robert Pinsky's "Hearts" |
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117 | (2) |
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6.3.5 Analyses of participants' responses to Shirley Lim's "Night Vision" |
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119 | (4) |
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6.3.6 Analyses of participants' responses to James Arthur's "Wind" |
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123 | (6) |
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6.4 Focus on conceptual metaphors |
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129 | (17) |
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6.4.1 Conceptual metaphors in meaning interpretations of poems |
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129 | (1) |
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6.4.1.1 Literal meaning interpretations |
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130 | (1) |
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6.4.1.2 Metaphorical meaning interpretations |
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131 | (7) |
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6.4.2 How participants talk about their emotional engagements with the poems |
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138 | (6) |
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6.4.3 How participants talk about authorial intention |
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144 | (2) |
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6.5 Allegorical readings as examples of the complexities involved in poetry interpretation |
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146 | (5) |
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Chapter 7 Comparing poets' and readers' responses to poetry |
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151 | (22) |
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7.1 Comparisons in "How we got here" |
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152 | (2) |
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7.2 Comparisons in "The Difficulty" |
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154 | (2) |
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7.3 Comparisons in "The Copper Husk Allegory" |
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156 | (3) |
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7.4 Comparisons in "Night Vision" |
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159 | (2) |
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7.5 Comparisons in "Wind" |
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161 | (2) |
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7.6 Comparisons in "The Hearts" |
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163 | (3) |
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7.7 Summary of main findings |
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166 | (2) |
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7.8 What a systematic application of CMT to readers' and poets' responses, and a comparison between these, tells us about poetry interpretation |
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168 | (5) |
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Chapter 8 Conclusion and future outlook |
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173 | (8) |
References |
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181 | (8) |
Index |
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189 | |