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E-grāmata: Port Economics

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(Old Dominion University, USA)
  • Formāts: 286 pages
  • Sērija : Routledge Maritime Masters
  • Izdošanas datums: 15-Dec-2017
  • Izdevniecība: Routledge
  • Valoda: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9781317358961
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Port EconomicsPalielināt
  • Formāts: 286 pages
  • Sērija : Routledge Maritime Masters
  • Izdošanas datums: 15-Dec-2017
  • Izdevniecība: Routledge
  • Valoda: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9781317358961
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Port Economics is the study of the economic decisions (and their consequences) of the users and providers of port services. A port works as an "engine" for economic development. This book provides a detailed discussion of port freight service users, such as freight water and land carriers, that have their ships and vehicles serviced and their cargoes unloaded by ports, as well as passenger services such as ferry carriers which are serviced by ferry passenger ports.

This text continues to enhance our understanding of port economics by exploring the economic theories, supply and demand curves, and the actual and opportunity costs relating to the carriers, shippers and passengers who use ports.

This new edition has been updated throughout. This includes:











An expanded discussion of container, break-bulk, dry-bulk, liquid-bulk and neo-bulk ports;





An introduction of port service chains, hinterland transport chains, maritime transport chains and port multi-service congestion;





A discussion of seaborne trade, dry ports, port centrality and connectivity and free trade zones.

This updated and comprehensive introduction to port economics will be of benefit to students and researchers in their study of port economics and management. It is also of great importance to professionals who manage and operate ports as well as freight and passenger carriers.
List of figures
xv
List of tables
xvii
Preface xviii
Abbreviations xxi
Chapter 1 Introduction
1(22)
What is a port?
1(1)
What is port economics?
2(1)
Cargo ports
3(1)
Vessel cargo transportation networks
3(5)
Types
3(3)
Vessel service patterns
6(1)
Port positions
7(1)
Centrality
7(1)
Intermediacy
8(1)
International and seaborne trades
8(2)
International trade
8(1)
Seaborne trade
9(1)
Maritime trade competitiveness
10(2)
Maritime connectivity
10(1)
Port connectivity
11(1)
Barriers to maritime trade
12(1)
Agglomeration
12(3)
Port agglomeration economies
13(1)
Port agglomeration diseconomies
14(1)
Ports: engines of regional economic development
15(3)
Summary
18(1)
Questions
19(1)
Notes
19(1)
Bibliography
19(4)
Chapter 2 Cargo ports: operations
23(13)
Introduction
23(1)
Containerization
23(2)
Container ports
25(5)
Container port design
26(1)
Container port equipment
27(3)
Break-bulk port
30(1)
Dry-bulk port
31(1)
Liquid-bulk port
31(1)
Neo-bulk port
31(1)
The world's largest container ports
32(1)
The world's largest total-cargo ports
33(1)
Summary
34(1)
Questions
34(1)
Bibliography
35(1)
Chapter 3 Port freight service users: carriers
36(17)
Introduction
36(1)
Cargo ships and vessels
36(3)
Container ships
36(1)
Break-bulk ships
37(1)
Dry-bulk ships
37(1)
Liquid-bulk ships
37(1)
Neo-bulk ships
38(1)
Short-sea vessels
38(1)
Ports and ship size
39(1)
Intermodal cargo vehicles
40(4)
Railroads
41(2)
Truck carriers
43(1)
Port service and carrier demand
44(1)
Container shipping
45(2)
Container shipping lines, financial difficulties and responses
47(1)
Summary
47(1)
Questions
48(1)
Appendix: Port choice and shipping lines
49(2)
Note
51(1)
Bibliography
51(2)
Chapter 4 Port freight service users: shippers
53(22)
Introduction
53(1)
The shipper and container transportation
53(3)
Shipper demand for transportation service
56(2)
Shipper demand for port service
58(2)
Shipper port choice
60(1)
Shipper agents
61(1)
Shippers and free trade zones
62(1)
Summary
63(1)
Questions
64(1)
Appendix 4A Business logistics management
64(6)
Appendix 4B Supply chain management
70(3)
Bibliography
73(2)
Chapter 5 Passenger ports and users
75(15)
Introduction
75(1)
Ferry passenger ports and terminals
75(1)
Ferry passenger port and terminal users
76(2)
Ferry carriers
76(1)
Ferry passengers
77(1)
Transportation demand by ferry passengers
78(3)
Cruise passenger ports
81(2)
Cruise port design
81(1)
Cruise port equipment
81(2)
Cruise lines
83(1)
Cruise ships
83(1)
Cruise passengers
83(2)
Summary
85(1)
Questions
86(1)
Appendix 5A Passenger transportation time price
87(2)
Bibliography
89(1)
Chapter 6 Port efficiency
90(22)
Introduction
90(1)
Port cargo service
90(1)
Port cargo service technical efficiency
91(4)
Port cargo service operating options
95(1)
Port cargo service resource function
96(1)
Port cargo service cost efficiency
96(5)
Port cargo service long-run economic cost function
97(2)
Port cargo service short-run economic cost function
99(2)
Port vessel service
101(2)
Port vehicle service
103(2)
Summary
105(2)
Questions
107(1)
Appendix 6A Port long-run cargo service economic cost function: a graphical derivation
107(3)
Bibliography
110(2)
Chapter 7 Port effectiveness, performance evaluation and investment
112(16)
Introduction
112(1)
Port effectiveness operating objectives
113(1)
Port services
113(3)
Port cargo service
114(1)
Port vessel service
114(1)
Port vehicle service
115(1)
Port prices in practice
116(1)
Port performance evaluation
117(3)
Port performance indicators
118(1)
Evaluation in practice
119(1)
Port investment
120(5)
Port investment: decisions
120(3)
Port investment: cost and pricing
123(1)
Port investment: macroeconomic effects
124(1)
Summary
125(1)
Questions
125(1)
Bibliography
126(2)
Chapter 8 Port competition, pricing and cases
128(19)
Introduction
128(1)
Port competition: inter versus intra
128(3)
Inter-port competition
129(2)
Intra-port competition
131(1)
Port competition: economic rent and contestability
131(1)
Port competitiveness
132(2)
Port pricing methodologies
134(4)
Fully allocated cost pricing
134(1)
Value-of-service pricing
134(1)
Marginal-cost pricing
135(2)
External-cost pricing
137(1)
The incidence of port prices
138(2)
Port cases
140(3)
Asian ports
140(1)
European ports
141(1)
North American ports
142(1)
Summary
143(1)
Questions
144(1)
Bibliography
144(3)
Chapter 9 Port service chains
147(10)
Introduction
147(1)
Port cargo-service chain nodes and links
147(2)
Nodes
147(1)
Links
148(1)
Port cargo-service chain providers
149(2)
Port operator
149(1)
Port harbor pilot
149(1)
Port harbor tugboat
150(1)
Government customs
150(1)
Shipping line agent
151(1)
Shipper agents
151(1)
Port congestion
151(3)
Port single-service congestion
152(1)
Port multi-service congestion
153(1)
The external impact of port congestion
154(1)
Summary
154(1)
Questions
155(1)
Bibliography
155(2)
Chapter 10 Hinterland transport chains
157(13)
Introduction
157(1)
Hinterland transport chain function and choice effects
157(1)
HTC direct and indirect choice effects
158(5)
Port chain throughput
158(2)
Intermodal carrier chain profit
160(1)
Importer chain logistics cost
161(1)
Exporter chain logistics cost
162(1)
Dry port
163(2)
Distribution center
165(1)
Foreland
166(1)
Summary
166(1)
Questions
167(1)
Bibliography
167(3)
Chapter 11 Maritime transport chains
170(11)
Introduction
170(1)
Maritime transport chain choice effects
170(6)
Water carrier
171(1)
Land carrier
172(2)
Port
174(1)
Shipper
175(1)
Seaborne trade
176(1)
Summary
177(1)
Questions
177(1)
Note
178(1)
Bibliography
178(3)
Chapter 12 Port governance, privatization, concessions and public--private partnerships
181(12)
Introduction
181(1)
Types of ports and port governance
182(1)
Port governance in practice
183(4)
Asian ports
183(2)
European ports
185(1)
North American ports
186(1)
Port privatization
187(1)
Port concessions
188(1)
Port public--private partnerships
188(1)
Summary
189(1)
Questions
190(1)
Bibliography
190(3)
Chapter 13 Port security and safety
193(19)
Introduction
193(1)
Maritime security
193(2)
U.S. port security
195(2)
U.S. SAFE Port Act
197(2)
Port security incident cycle
199(4)
Detection phase
199(1)
Response phase
200(2)
Recovery phase
202(1)
EU port security
203(1)
Port safety
204(3)
Port accidents
204(1)
Port state control
205(1)
Port safe working conditions
206(1)
Summary
207(1)
Questions
208(1)
Bibliography
209(3)
Chapter 14 Ports and the environment
212(14)
Introduction
212(1)
Port vessel air pollution
212(2)
Cold-ironing
212(1)
Vessel speed reduction
213(1)
Burning cleaner fuels
214(1)
Port vehicle air pollution
214(2)
Port water pollution
216(6)
Vessel ballast water pollution
216(2)
Vessel oil and waste spillage pollution
218(1)
Vessel anti-fouling paint pollution
219(1)
Dredging pollution
220(2)
Noise and aesthetic pollution
222(1)
Summary
223(1)
Questions
224(1)
Bibliography
224(2)
Chapter 15 Port dockworkers
226(15)
Introduction
226(1)
U.S. dockworkers and transportation economic regulatory reform
227(2)
U.S. dockworkers and containerization
229(1)
International Transport Workers' Federation (ITF)
229(2)
EU Port Services Directive
231(1)
Dockworker protests
232(1)
U.S. dockworker versus U.S. seafarer wages
233(2)
U.S. dockworker versus U.S. railroad wages
235(2)
U.S. dockworker versus U.S. truck driver wages
237(1)
Summary
238(1)
Questions
238(1)
Bibliography
239(2)
Chapter 16 Smart capabilities: ports, ships, cargo and shipping routes
241(9)
Introduction
241(1)
Smart ports
241(3)
Analysis of Big Data
241(1)
Port cyber security
242(1)
Management of port energy use
242(1)
Management of port energy cargo
243(1)
Port bunkering of LNG ship fuel
243(1)
Port resilience to extreme weather conditions
244(1)
Smart ships
244(1)
Smart containers
245(1)
Smart maritime freight transportation shipping routes
245(2)
One Belt One Road
246(1)
Northern Sea Route
246(1)
Summary
247(1)
Questions
248(1)
Bibliography
248(2)
Index 250
Wayne K. Talley is Professor of Maritime and Supply Chain Management, the Frederick W. Beazley Professor of Economics, Eminent Scholar and Executive Director of the Maritime Institute at Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia, U.S.A.
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