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Porth's Pathophysiology: Concepts of Altered Health States Tenth, North American Edition [Hardback]

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  • Formāts: Hardback, 1688 pages, height x width: 276x213 mm, weight: 3266 g, Illustrations, unspecified
  • Izdošanas datums: 31-Oct-2018
  • Izdevniecība: Lippincott Williams and Wilkins
  • ISBN-10: 1496377559
  • ISBN-13: 9781496377555
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  • Formāts: Hardback, 1688 pages, height x width: 276x213 mm, weight: 3266 g, Illustrations, unspecified
  • Izdošanas datums: 31-Oct-2018
  • Izdevniecība: Lippincott Williams and Wilkins
  • ISBN-10: 1496377559
  • ISBN-13: 9781496377555
Citas grāmatas par šo tēmu:
"The 10th edition of Porth's Pathophysiology: Concepts of Altered Health States continues a legacy of excellence by providing comprehensive, nursing-focused coverage designed to help grasp both the physical and psychological aspects of altered health. The book's unique emphasis on "concepts" of altered health states, as opposed to factual descriptions of diseases and disorders, helps students grasp both the physical and psychological aspects of altered health"--Provided by publisher.

The 10th edition of Porth&;s Pathophysiology: Concepts of Altered Health States continues a legacy of excellence by providing comprehensive, nursing-focused coverage designed to help grasp both the physical and psychological aspects of altered health. The book&;s unique emphasis on &;concepts" of altered health states, as opposed to factual descriptions of diseases and disorders, helps students grasp both the physical and psychological aspects of altered health.

Porth&;s Pathophysiology: Concepts of Altered Health States
Tenth Edition
Tommie L. Norris, DNS, RN
Meet today&;s clinical challenges with the trusted authority in pathophysiology

Make the most of your pathophysiology course and master the knowledge to ensure clinical success. Trusted for more than 30 years and updated to reflect today&;s nursing challenges, this engaging text makes complex concepts accessible and helps you easily and confidently grasp normal body function, the effects of disease on body systems, and the body&;s ability to compensate and adapt. This edition also considers the many technological advances that allow healthcare providers to diagnose earlier and with more accuracy.

Highlights of the Tenth Edition
  • Approachable presentation builds understanding from basic to advanced concepts and defines key terms as you progress.
  • &;Chunked&; content keeps you focused on the most critical information and helps you review salient points efficiently.
  • Unit-Opening Case Studies , which are revisited in one or more chapters in the unit, bring pathophysiology to life and equip you for success in clinical practice.
  • Approximately 1,000 vibrant illustrations clarify the clinical manifestations of diseases and disease processes.
  • Understanding boxes break physiologic processes and phenomena into their sequential parts, providing insight into the many opportunities for disease to disrupt the processes.
  • Key Points boxes and In Summary sections reduce the need for memorization and help you incorporate important points into broader conceptual units.
  • NEW! Pediatric Considerations and Geriatric Considerations boxes in each chapter specify how the chapter content applies to these two special populations.
  • NEW! Concept Mastery Alerts explain topics that students can find confusing.
  • Review Exercises at the end of each chapter test your retention and identify areas for further study.
  • References provide fast, efficient access to normal laboratory values in both conventional and SI units, as well as a comprehensive glossary.
  • Narrated animations referenced by icons in the text and available online enhance your understanding of the most challenging and clinically relevant concepts.
Unit 1 Concepts Of Health And Disease 1(12)
1 Concepts of Health and Disease
2(11)
Concepts Of Health And Disease
2(5)
Health
3(1)
Disease
3(4)
Health And Disease In Populations
7(7)
Epidemiology and Patterns of Disease
7(1)
Determination of Risk Factors
8(1)
Natural History
9(1)
Preventing Disease
9(1)
Evidence-Based Practice and Practice Guidelines
10(3)
Unit 2 Cell Function And Growth 13(128)
2 Cell and Tissue Characteristics
14(33)
Functional Components Of The Cell
14(7)
Protoplasm
15(1)
The Nucleus
15(1)
The Cytoplasm and Its Organelles
16(2)
The Cytoskeleton
18(2)
The Cell (Plasma) Membrane
20(1)
Integration Of Cell Function And Replication
21(6)
Cell Communication
21(1)
Cell Receptors
22(1)
The Cell Cycle And Cell Division
23(1)
Cell Metabolism And Energy Sources
24(3)
Movement Across The Cell Membrane And Membrane Potentials
27(9)
Movement Of Substances Across The Cell Membrane
28(3)
Membrane Potentials
31(5)
Body Tissues
36(11)
Cell Differentiation
36(1)
Embryonic Origin of Tissue Types
37(1)
Epithelial Tissue
37(4)
Connective or Supportive Tissue
41(1)
Muscle Tissue
41(3)
Nervous Tissue
44(1)
Extracellular Matrix
45(2)
3 Cellular Adaptation, Injury, and Death
47(17)
Cellular Adaptation
47(5)
Atrophy
48(1)
Hypertrophy
49(1)
Hyperplasia
49(1)
Metaplasia
50(1)
Dysplasia
50(1)
Intracellular Accumulations
50(1)
Pathologic Calcifications
51(1)
Cell Injury And Death
52(12)
Causes of Cell Injury
52(4)
Mechanisms of Cell Injury
56(2)
Reversible Cell Injury and Cell Death
58(3)
Cellular Aging
61(3)
4 Genetic Control of Cell Function and Inheritance
64(18)
Genetic Control Of Cell Function
64(8)
DNA Structure And Function
65(2)
From Genes To Proteins
67(5)
Chromosomes
72(3)
Cell Division
73(1)
Chromosome Structure
74(1)
Patterns Of Inheritance
75(2)
Definitions
75(1)
Genetic Imprinting
75(1)
Mendel Laws
76(1)
Pedigree
77(1)
Gene Technology
77(5)
Genetic Mapping
77(1)
Recombinant DNA Technology
78(2)
RNA Interference Technology
80(2)
5 Genetic and Congenital Disorders
82(20)
Genetic And Chromosomal Disorders
82(12)
Single-Gene Disorders
83(5)
Inherited Multifactorial Disorders
88(1)
Chromosomal Disorders
88(5)
Mitochondrial Gene Disorders
93(1)
Disorders Due To Environmental Influences
94(3)
Period Of Vulnerability
94(1)
Teratogenic Agents
94(3)
Folic Acid Deficiency
97(1)
Diagnosis And Counseling
97(5)
Genetic Assessment
97(1)
Prenatal Screening And Diagnosis
97(5)
6 Neoplasia
102(39)
Concepts Of Cell Differentiation And Growth
102(6)
The Cell Cycle
103(1)
Cell Proliferation
104(1)
Cell Differentiation
104(4)
Characteristics Of Benign And Malignant Neoplasms
108(8)
Terminology
108(2)
Benign Neoplasms
110(1)
Malignant Neoplasms
110(6)
Etiology Of Cancer
116(8)
Genetic And Molecular Basis Of Cancer
116(4)
Host And Environmental Factors
120(4)
Clinical Manifestations
124(2)
Tissue Integrity
124(1)
Systemic Manifestations
124(2)
Screening, Diagnosis, And Treatment
126(9)
Screening
126(1)
Diagnostic Methods
127(2)
Cancer Treatment
129(6)
Childhood Cancers
135(7)
Incidence and Types
135(1)
Biology of Childhood Cancers
135(1)
Diagnosis and Treatment
136(5)
Unit 3 Disorders Of Integrative Function 141(82)
7 Stress and Adaptation
142(16)
Homeostasis
143(1)
Constancy Of The Internal Environment
143(1)
Control Systems
143(1)
Feedback Systems
144(1)
Stress And Adaptation
144(8)
The Stress Response
145(4)
Coping And Adaptation To Stress
149(3)
Disorders Of The Stress Response
152(6)
Effects of Acute Stress
152(1)
Effects of Chronic Stress
152(1)
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder
153(1)
Treatment and Research of Stress Disorders
154(4)
8 Disorders of Fluid, Electrolyte, and Acid-Base Balance
158(65)
Composition And Compartmental Distribution Of Body Fluids
159(7)
Dissociation of Electrolytes
159(1)
Diffusion and Osmosis
159(3)
Compartmental Distribution of Body Fluids
162(1)
Capillary-Interstitial Fluid Exchange
163(3)
Sodium And Water Balance
166(14)
Body Water Balance
166(2)
Sodium Balance
168(1)
Mechanisms of Regulation
169(1)
Thirst and Antidiuretic Hormone
170(3)
Disorders of Sodium and Water Balance
173(7)
Potassium Balance
180(7)
Regulation of Potassium Balance
180(2)
Disorders of Potassium Balance
182(5)
Calcium, Phosphorus, And Magnesium Balance
187(12)
Mechanisms Regulating Calcium, Phosphorus, and Magnesium Balance
187(2)
Disorders of Calcium Balance
189(4)
Disorders of Phosphorus Balance
193(3)
Disorders of Magnesium Balance
196(3)
Mechanisms Of Acid-Base Balance
199(8)
Acid-Base Chemistry
199(1)
Metabolic Acid and Bicarbonate Production
200(2)
Calculation of pH
202(1)
Regulation of pH
202(4)
Laboratory Tests
206(1)
Disorders Of Acid-Base Balance
207(17)
Metabolic Versus Respiratory Acid-Base Disorders
208(1)
Compensatory Mechanisms
208(1)
Metabolic Acidosis
209(4)
Metabolic Alkalosis
213(2)
Respiratory Acidosis
215(1)
Respiratory Alkalosis
216(7)
Unit 4 Infection, Inflammation, And Immunity 223(124)
9 Inflammation, Tissue Repair, and Wound Healing
224(23)
The Inflammatory Response
224(13)
Acute Inflammation
225(10)
Chronic Inflammation
235(1)
Systemic Manifestations Of Inflammation
235(2)
Tissue Repair And Wound Healing
237(10)
Tissue Repair
237(3)
Wound Healing
240(7)
10 Mechanisms of Infectious Disease
247(26)
Infectious Diseases
247(10)
Infectious Disease Concepts
248(1)
Agents of Infectious Disease
248(9)
Mechanisms Of Infection
257(6)
Epidemiology of Infectious Diseases
257(1)
Modes of Transmission
258(1)
Source
259(1)
Clinical Manifestations
259(1)
Disease Course
260(1)
Site of Infection
260(1)
Virulence Factors
261(2)
Diagnosis And Treatment Of Infectious Diseases
263(6)
Diagnosis
263(3)
Treatment
266(3)
Bioterrorism And Emerging Global Infectious Diseases
269(4)
Bioterrorism
269(1)
Global Infectious Diseases
270(3)
11 Innate and Adaptive Immunity
273(30)
The Immune Response
273(6)
Cytokines and Their Role in Immunity
274(5)
Innate Immunity
279(5)
Epithelial Barriers
279(1)
Cells of Innate Immunity
279(2)
Pathogen Recognition
281(1)
Soluble Mediators of Innate Immunity
282(1)
The Complement System
283(1)
Adaptive Immunity
284(15)
Antigens
284(3)
Cells of Adaptive Immunity
287(4)
B Lymphocytes and Humoral Immunity
291(3)
T Lymphocytes and Cellular Immunity
294(2)
Lymphoid Organs
296(2)
Active Versus Passive Immunity
298(1)
Regulation of the Adaptive Immune Response
298(1)
Developmental Aspects Of The Immune System
299(4)
Transfer of Immunity from Mother to Infant
299(1)
Immune Response in the Older Adult
300(3)
12 Disorders of the Immune Response, Including HIV/AIDS
303(44)
Disorders Of The Immune Response
303(1)
Immunodeficiency Disorders
304(11)
Humoral (B-Cell) Immunodeficiencies
305(4)
Cell-Mediated (T-Cell) Immunodeficiencies
309(1)
Combined T-Cell and B-Cell Immunodeficiencies
310(2)
Disorders of the Complement System
312(1)
Disorders of Phagocytosis
313(1)
Stem Cell Transplantation
314(1)
Hypersensitivity Disorders
315(10)
Type I, Immediate Hypersensitivity Disorders
315(4)
Type II, Antibody-Mediated Disorders
319(2)
Type III, Immune Complex-Mediated Disorders
321(1)
Type IV, Cell-Mediated Hypersensitivity Disorders
322(1)
Latex Allergy
323(2)
Transplantation Immunopathology
325(2)
Mechanisms Involved In Transplant Rejection
325(2)
Autoimmune Disease
327(4)
Immunologic Tolerance
327(2)
Mechanisms of Autoimmune Disease
329(2)
Diagnosis and Treatment of Autoimmune Disease
331(1)
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/Human Immunodeficiency Virus
331(1)
The Aids Epidemic And Transmission Of HIV Infection
332(1)
Transmission of HIV Infection
332(1)
Pathophysiology And Clinical Course
333(6)
Molecular And Biologic Features Of HIV
333(4)
Clinical Course
337(2)
Prevention, Diagnosis, And Treatment
339(1)
Prevention
339(1)
Diagnostic Methods
339(1)
Treatment
340(1)
HIV Infection In Pregnancy And In Infants And Children
340(8)
Preventing Perinatal HIV Transmission
341(1)
Diagnosis of HIV Infection in Children
341(1)
Clinical Presentation of HIV Infection in Children
341(6)
Unit 5 Disorders Of Neural Function 347(198)
13 Organization And Control Of Neural Function
348(40)
Nervous Tissue Cells
348(5)
Neurons
349(1)
Neuroglial Cells
350(2)
Metabolic Requirements Of Nervous Tissue
352(1)
Neurophysiology
353(4)
Action Potentials
353(1)
Synaptic Transmission
354(2)
Messenger Molecules
356(1)
Developmental Organization Of The Nervous System
357(9)
Embryonic Development
358(2)
Segmental Organization
360(6)
Structure And Function Of The Spinal Cord And Brain
366(13)
Spinal Cord
366(3)
The Brain
369(10)
The Autonomic Nervous System
379(9)
Autonomic Efferent Pathways
380(1)
Sympathetic Nervous System
380(2)
Parasympathetic Nervous System
382(1)
Central Integrative Pathways
383(1)
Autonomic Neurotransmission
383(1)
Acetylcholine And Cholinergic Receptors
383(5)
14 Somatosensory Function, Pain, Headache, And Temperature Regulation
388(43)
Organization And Control Of Somatosensory Function
389(7)
Sensory Systems
389(4)
Sensory Modalities
393(2)
Clinical Assessment Of Somatosensory Function
395(1)
Pain
396(15)
Pain Theories
397(1)
Pain Mechanisms And Pathways
398(1)
Pain Receptors And Mediators
398(3)
Pain Threshold And Tolerance
401(1)
Types Of Pain
402(2)
Assessment Of Pain
404(1)
Management Of Pain
405(3)
Alterations In Pain Sensitivity
408(1)
Special Types Of Pain
409(2)
Headache And Associated Pain
411(3)
Headache
411(1)
Migraine Headache
411(2)
Cluster Headache
413(1)
Tension-Type Headache
413(1)
Chronic Daily Headache
413(1)
Temporomandibular Joint Pain
414(1)
Pain In Children And Older Adults
414(2)
Pain In Children
414(1)
Pain In Older Adults
415(1)
Body Temperature Regulation
416(4)
Mechanisms Of Heat Production
418(1)
Mechanisms Of Heat Loss
419(1)
Increased Body Temperature
420(6)
Fever
420(4)
Hyperthermia
424(2)
Decreased Body Temperature
426(5)
Hypothermia
426(5)
15 Disorders Of Motor Function
431(38)
Organization And Control Of Motor Function
432(8)
Organization Of Movement
432(2)
The Motor Unit
434(1)
Spinal Reflexes
435(1)
Motor Pathways
436(3)
Assessment Of Motor Function
439(1)
Disorders Of The Motor Unit
440(9)
Skeletal Muscle Disorders
440(2)
Disorders Of The Neuromuscular Junction
442(2)
Lower Motor Neuron Disorders
444(1)
Peripheral Nerve Disorders
445(4)
Disorders Of The Cerebellum And Basal Ganglia
449(6)
Disorders Of The Cerebellum
449(1)
Disorders Of The Basal Ganglia
450(5)
Upper Motor Neuron Disorders
455(14)
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis
455(1)
Multiple Sclerosis
456(3)
Vertebral And Spinal Cord Injury
459(10)
16 Disorders Of Brain Function
469(36)
Manifestations And Mechanisms Of Brain Injury
469(13)
Manifestations Of Brain Injury
469(4)
Mechanisms Of Brain Injury
473(9)
Traumatic Brain Injury
482(3)
Primary And Secondary Brain Injuries
482(1)
Hematomas
483(2)
Cerebrovascular Disease
485(9)
Cerebral Circulation
485(2)
Stroke
487(7)
Infections And Neoplasms
494(4)
Infections
494(2)
Brain Tumors
496(2)
Seizure Disorders
498(7)
Etiology
499(1)
Classification
499(2)
Diagnosis And Treatment
501(1)
Psychogenic Nonepileptic Seizures
502(1)
Status Epilepticus
502(1)
Nonconvulsive Seizures
502(3)
17 Sleep And Sleep-Wake Disorders
505(19)
Neurobiology Of Sleep
505(5)
Neural Structures And Pathways
506(1)
The Sleep-Wake Cycle
506(3)
Circadian Rhythms
509(1)
Melatonin
510(1)
Sleep Disorders
510(9)
Diagnostic Methods
511(1)
Circadian Rhythm Sleep-Wake Disorders
512(1)
Insomnia
513(2)
Narcolepsy
515(1)
Sleep-Related Movement Disorders
516(1)
Sleep-Related Breathing Disorders
516(2)
Parasomnias
518(1)
Sleep And Sleep Disorders In Children And Older Adults
519(5)
Sleep And Sleep Disorders In Children
520(1)
Sleep And Sleep Disorders In Older Adults
520(4)
18 Disorders Of Thought, Emotion, And Memory
524(21)
Psychiatric Disorders
524(4)
Incidence And Prevalence
524(1)
The Diagnosis Of Psychiatric Disorders
525(1)
Understanding Psychiatric Disorders
525(3)
Types Of Psychiatric Disorders
528(7)
Schizophrenia
528(2)
Mood Disorders
530(3)
Anxiety Disorders
533(1)
Obsessive-Compulsive And Related Disorders
534(1)
Substance Use Disorders
534(1)
Disorders Of Memory And Cognition
535(11)
Normal Cognitive Aging
535(1)
Neurocognitive Disorders
535(10)
Unit 6 Disorders Of Special Sensory Function 545(64)
19 Disorders Of Visual Function
546(39)
Disorders Of The Accessory Structures Of The Eye
547(3)
Disorders Of The Eyelids
547(2)
Disorders Of The Lacrimal System
549(1)
Disorders Of The Conjunctiva, Cornea, And Uveal Tract
550(6)
Disorders Of The Conjunctiva
550(2)
Disorders Of The Cornea
552(2)
Disorders Of The Uveal Tract
554(1)
The Pupil And Pupillary Reflexes
555(1)
Intraocular Pressure And Glaucoma
556(4)
Control Of Intraocular Pressure
556(1)
Glaucoma
557(3)
Disorders Of The Lens And Lens Function
560(2)
Disorders Of Refraction And Accommodation
560(1)
Cataracts
561(1)
Disorders Of The Vitreous And Retina
562(12)
Disorders Of The Vitreous
563(1)
Disorders Of The Retina
563(11)
Disorders Of Neural Pathways And Cortical Centers
574(3)
Optic Pathways
574(1)
Visual Cortex
574(1)
Visual Fields
574(3)
Disorders Of Eye Movement
577(8)
Extraocular Eye Muscles And Their Innervation
577(2)
Strabismus
579(1)
Amblyopia
580(1)
Eye Examination In Infants And Children
581(4)
20 Disorders Of Hearing And Vestibular Function
585(24)
Disorders Of The Auditory System
585(15)
Disorders Of The External Ear
585(2)
Disorders Of The Middle Ear And Eustachian Tube
587(5)
Disorders Of The Inner Ear
592(3)
Disorders Of The Central Auditory Pathways
595(1)
Hearing Loss
595(5)
Disorders Of Vestibular Function
600(10)
The Vestibular System And Vestibular Reflexes
600(2)
Vertigo
602(1)
Motion Sickness
602(1)
Disorders Of Peripheral Vestibular Function
603(1)
Disorders Of Central Vestibular Function
604(1)
Diagnosis And Treatment Of Vestibular Disorders
604(5)
Unit 7 Disorders Of The Hematopoietic System 609(76)
21 Blood Cells And The Hematopoietic System
610(10)
Composition Of Blood And Formation Of Blood Cells
610(8)
Plasma
611(1)
Blood Cells
611(3)
Formation Of Blood Cells (Hematopoiesis)
614(4)
Diagnostic Tests
618(2)
Blood Count
618(1)
Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate
618(1)
Bone Marrow Aspiration And Biopsy
618(2)
22 Disorders of Hemostasis
620(17)
Mechanisms Of Hemostasis
620(6)
Vascular Constriction
620(1)
Formation Of The Platelet Plug
621(1)
Blood Coagulation
622(1)
Clot Retraction
623(1)
Clot Dissolution
623(3)
Hypercoagulability States
626(3)
Hypercoagulability Associated With Increased Platelet Function
627(1)
Hypercoagulability Associated With Increased Clotting Activity
627(2)
Bleeding Disorders
629(8)
Bleeding Associated With Platelet Disorders
629(2)
Bleeding Associated With Coagulation Factor Deficiencies
631(1)
Bleeding Associated With Vascular Disorders
632(1)
Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation
633(4)
23 Disorders of Red Blood Cells
637(26)
The Red Blood Cell
637(6)
Hemoglobin Synthesis
638(1)
Red Cell Production
639(1)
Red Cell Destruction
640(1)
Red Cell Metabolism And Hemoglobin Oxidation
641(1)
Laboratory Tests
641(2)
Blood Types And Transfusion Therapy
643(6)
Abo Blood Groups
643(1)
Rh Types
643(1)
Blood Transfusion Reactions
644(5)
Anemia
649(8)
Blood Loss Anemia
649(1)
Hemolytic Anemias
649(5)
Anemias Of Deficient Red Cell Production
654(3)
Polycythemia
657(1)
Absolute Polycythemia: Primary
657(1)
Absolute Polycythemia: Secondary
658(1)
Age-Related Changes In Red Blood Cells
658(5)
Red Cell Changes In The Neonate
658(2)
Red Cell Changes With Aging
660(3)
24 Disorders of White Blood Cells and Lymphoid Tissues
663(22)
Hematopoietic And Lymphoid Tissues
663(5)
Leukocytes (White Blood Cells)
663(1)
Bone Marrow And Hematopoiesis
664(2)
Lymphoid Tissues
666(2)
Nonneoplastic Disorders Of White Blood Cells
668(3)
Neutropenia (Agranulocytosis)
668(2)
Infectious Mononucleosis
670(1)
Neoplastic Disorders Of Lymphoid And Hematopoietic Origin
671(15)
Malignant Lymphomas
671(4)
Leukemias
675(5)
Plasma Cell Dyscrasias
680(5)
Unit 8 Disorders Of Cardiovascular Function 685(172)
25 Structure and Function of the Cardiovascular System
686(27)
The Heart As A Pump
686(9)
Functional Anatomy Of The Heart
687(4)
Cardiac Cycle
691(2)
Regulation Of Cardiac Performance
693(2)
Organization Of The Circulatory System
695(2)
Pulmonary And Systemic Circulations
695(1)
Volume And Pressure Distribution
696(1)
Principles Of Blood Flow
697(4)
Relationships Between Blood Flow, Pressure, And Resistance
697(3)
Wall Tension, Radius, And Pressure
700(1)
Distention And Compliance
700(1)
The Systemic Circulation And Control Of Blood Flow
701(5)
Blood Vessels
701(1)
Arterial System
702(1)
Venous System
703(1)
Local And Humoral Control Of Blood Flow
703(3)
The Microcirculation And Lymphatic System
706(4)
Structure And Function Of The Microcirculation
706(1)
Capillary-Interstitial Fluid Exchange
707(1)
The Lymphatic System
708(2)
Neural Control Of Circulatory Function
710(3)
Autonomic Nervous System Regulation
710(1)
Central Nervous System Responses
710(3)
26 Disorders of Blood Flow and Blood Pressure Regulation
713(40)
Blood Vessel Structure And Function
714(2)
Endothelium
715(1)
Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells
715(1)
Regulation Of Systemic Arterial Blood Pressure
716(5)
Mechanisms Of Blood Pressure Regulation
716(5)
Disorders Of Systemic Arterial Blood Flow
721(16)
Dyslipidemia
722(3)
Atherosclerosis
725(5)
Vasculitis
730(1)
Arterial Disease Of The Extremities
730(1)
Acute Arterial Occlusion
731(1)
Atherosclerotic Occlusive Disease (Peripheral Artery Disease)
732(1)
Thromboangiitis Obliterans
732(1)
Raynaud Disease And Phenomenon
733(1)
Aneurysms
734(1)
Aortic Aneurysms
734(1)
Aortic Dissection
735(2)
Disorders Of Systemic Venous Circulation
737(4)
Varicose Veins
738(1)
Chronic Venous Insufficiency
739(1)
Venous Thrombosis
740(1)
Disorders Of Blood Pressure Regulation
741(12)
Hypertension
742(5)
Orthostatic Hypotension
747(6)
27 Disorders of Cardiac Function, and Heart Failure and Circulatory Shock
753(83)
Disorders Of Cardiac Function
754(1)
Disorders Of The Pericardium
754(4)
Acute Pericarditis
755(1)
Pericardial Effusion And Cardiac Tamponade
756(2)
Constrictive Pericarditis
758(1)
Coronary Artery Disease
758(18)
Coronary Circulation
759(7)
Acute Coronary Syndrome
766(8)
Chronic Ischemic Heart Disease
774(2)
Cardiomyopathies
776(5)
Primary Cardiomyopathies
776(4)
Secondary Cardiomyopathies
780(1)
Infectious And Immunologic Disorders
781(4)
Infective Endocarditis
781(2)
Rheumatic Heart Disease
783(2)
Valvular Heart Disease
785(6)
Hemodynamic Derangements
785(1)
Mitral Valve Disorders
786(3)
Aortic Valve Disorders
789(2)
Heart Failure And Circulatory Shock
791(1)
Heart Failure In Adults
791(13)
Pathophysiology Of Heart Failure
792(7)
Acute Heart Failure Syndromes
799(5)
Heart Disease In Infants And Children
804(13)
Embryonic Development Of The Heart
805(1)
Fetal And Perinatal Circulation
806(1)
Congenital Heart Defects
807(8)
Kawasaki Disease
815(2)
Heart Failure In Children And Older Adults
817(3)
Heart Failure In Infants And Children
817(1)
Heart Failure In Older Adults
818(2)
Circulatory Failure (Shock)
820(16)
Pathophysiology Of Circulatory Shock
820(2)
Cardiogenic Shock
822(2)
Hypovolemic Shock
824(2)
Distributive Shock
826(2)
Obstructive Shock
828(1)
Complications Of Shock
828(8)
28 Disorders of Cardiac Conduction and Rhythm
836(21)
Cardiac Conduction System
836(7)
Action Potentials
838(3)
Electrocardiography
841(2)
Disorders Of Cardiac Rhythm And Conduction
843(15)
Mechanisms Of Arrhythmias And Conduction Disorders
843(1)
Types Of Arrhythmias And Conduction Disorders
844(8)
Treatment
852(5)
Unit 9 Disorders Of Respiratory Function 857(102)
29 Structure and Function of the Respiratory System
858(31)
Structural Organization Of The Respiratory System
858(10)
Conducting Airways
859(5)
Lungs And Respiratory Airways
864(1)
Pulmonary Vasculature And Lymphatic Supply
865(1)
Innervation
866(1)
Pleura
866(2)
Exchange Of Gases Between The Atmosphere And The Lungs
868(8)
Basic Properties Of Gases
868(1)
Ventilation And The Mechanics Of Breathing
868(5)
Lung Volumes
873(1)
Pulmonary Function Studies
874(1)
Efficiency And The Work Of Breathing
874(2)
Exchange And Transport Of Gases
876(8)
Ventilation
876(1)
Perfusion
877(1)
Mismatching Of Ventilation And Perfusion
878(1)
Diffusion
879(1)
Oxygen And Carbon Dioxide Transport
879(5)
Control Of Breathing
884(5)
Respiratory Center
884(1)
Regulation Of Breathing
885(1)
Cough Reflex
886(1)
Dyspnea
886(3)
30 Respiratory Tract Infections, Neoplasms, and Childhood Disorders
889(31)
Respiratory Tract Infections
890(16)
The Common Cold
890(1)
Rhinosinusitis
891(2)
Influenza
893(2)
Pneumonias
895(4)
Tuberculosis
899(4)
Fungal Infections
903(3)
Cancer Of The Lung
906(3)
Histologic Subtypes And Pathogenesis
906(1)
Clinical Manifestations
907(1)
Diagnosis And Treatment
908(1)
Respiratory Disorders In Children
909(11)
Lung Development
910(2)
Manifestations of Respiratory Disorders or Infection in the Infant or Small Child
912(1)
Respiratory Disorders in the Neonate
912(2)
Respiratory Infections in Children
914(6)
31 Disorders of Ventilation and Gas Exchange
920(39)
Physiologic Effects Of Ventilation And Diffusion Disorders
921(4)
Hypoxemia
921(3)
Hypercapnia
924(1)
Disorders Of Lung Inflation
925(5)
Disorders Of The Pleura
925(4)
Atelectasis
929(1)
Obstructive Airway Disorders
930(13)
Physiology of Airway Disease
931(1)
Asthma
931(4)
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
935(5)
Bronchiectasis
940(1)
Cystic Fibrosis
941(2)
Chronic Interstitial (Restrictive) Lung Diseases
943(3)
Etiology and Pathogenesis of Interstitial Lung Diseases
943(1)
Clinical Manifestations
943(1)
Diagnosis and Treatment
944(1)
Occupational and Environmental Interstitial Lung Diseases
944(1)
Sarcoidosis
945(1)
Disorders Of The Pulmonary Circulation
946(5)
Pulmonary Embolism
946(2)
Pulmonary Hypertension
948(2)
Cor Pulmonale
950(1)
Acute Respiratory Disorders
951(9)
Acute Lung Injury/Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome
951(1)
Acute Respiratory Failure
952(7)
Unit 10 Disorders Of Renal Function 959(92)
32 Structure And Function Of The Kidney
960(22)
Kidney Structure And Function
960(16)
Gross Structure And Location
960(1)
Renal Blood Supply
961(1)
The Nephron
962(3)
Urine Formation
965(3)
Regulation Of Renal Blood Flow
968(4)
Elimination Functions Of The Kidney
972(2)
Endocrine Functions Of The Kidney
974(1)
Action Of Diuretics
975(1)
Tests Of Renal Function
976(6)
Urine Tests
976(1)
Glomerular Filtration Rate
977(1)
Blood Tests
978(1)
Cystoscopy And Ureteroscopy
979(1)
Ultrasonography
979(1)
Radiologic And Other Imaging Studies
979(3)
33 Disorders Of Renal Function
982(31)
Congenital And Inherited Disorders Of The Kidneys
982(5)
Congenital Disorders Of The Kidneys
983(1)
Inherited Cystic Kidney Diseases
983(4)
Simple And Acquired Renal Cysts
987(1)
Obstructive Disorders
987(5)
Mechanisms Of Renal Damage
988(1)
Hydronephrosis
988(1)
Renal Calculi
989(3)
Urinary Tract Infections
992(5)
Etiology And Pathogenesis
993(1)
Clinical Manifestations
994(1)
Diagnosis And Treatment
994(2)
Infections In Special Populations
996(1)
Disorders Of Glomerular Function
997(8)
Etiology And Pathogenesis Of Glomerular Injury
998(1)
Types Of Glomerular Disease
999(4)
Glomerular Lesions Associated With Systemic Disease
1003(2)
Tubulointerstitial Disorders
1005(3)
Renal Tubular Acidosis
1005(1)
Pyelonephritis
1006(1)
Drug-Related Nephropathies
1007(1)
Malignant Tumors Of The Kidney
1008(5)
Wilms Tumor
1008(1)
Renal Cell Carcinoma
1008(5)
34 Acute Kidney Injury And Chronic Kidney Disease
1013(20)
Acute Kidney Injury
1013(5)
Types Of Aki
1014(3)
Diagnosis And Treatment
1017(1)
Chronic Kidney Disease
1018(11)
Definition And Classification
1018(1)
Assessment Of Glomerular Filtration Rate And Other Indicators Of Renal Function
1019(1)
Clinical Manifestations
1020(5)
Treatment
1025(4)
Chronic Kidney Disease In Children And Older Adults
1029(4)
Chronic Kidney Disease In Children
1029(1)
Chronic Kidney Disease In Older Adults
1030(3)
35 Disorders Of The Bladder And Lower Urinary Tract
1033(18)
Control Of Urine Elimination
1033(5)
Bladder Structure
1033(1)
Neural Control Of Bladder Function
1034(3)
Diagnostic Methods Of Evaluating Bladder Structure And Function
1037(1)
Alterations In Bladder Function
1038(9)
Lower Urinary Tract Obstruction And Stasis
1038(2)
Neurogenic Bladder Disorders
1040(3)
Urinary Incontinence
1043(4)
Cancer Of The Bladder
1047(5)
Etiology And Pathophysiology
1048(1)
Clinical Manifestations
1048(1)
Diagnosis And Treatment
1048(3)
Unit 11 Disorders Of Gastrointestinal Function 1051(122)
36 Structure and Function of the Gastrointestinal System
1052(23)
Structure And Organization Of The Gastrointestinal Tract
1052(5)
Upper Gastrointestinal Tract
1053(1)
Middle Gastrointestinal Tract
1054(1)
Lower Gastrointestinal Tract
1054(1)
Gastrointestinal Wall Structure
1055(2)
Motility
1057(6)
Control Of Gastrointestinal Motility
1057(1)
Swallowing And Esophageal Motility
1058(2)
Gastric Motility
1060(2)
Small Intestinal Motility
1062(1)
Colonic Motility And Defecation
1062(1)
Hormonal, Secretory, And Digestive Functions
1063(5)
Gastrointestinal Hormones
1063(1)
Gastrointestinal Secretions
1064(3)
Intestinal Flora
1067(1)
Digestion And Absorption
1068(3)
Carbohydrate Absorption
1069(1)
Fat Absorption
1070(1)
Protein Absorption
1071(1)
The Gastrointestinal Immunity
1071(4)
Immune Barrier
1071(1)
Microfold Cells
1072(1)
Antigen-Presenting Cells
1072(1)
T Cells
1072(3)
37 Disorders of Gastrointestinal Function
1075(42)
Common Manifestations Of GI Disorders Anorexia, Nausea, And Vomiting
1076(1)
Anorexia
1076(1)
Nausea
1076(1)
Retching and Vomiting
1076(1)
Disorders Of The Esophagus
1077(6)
Congenital Anomalies
1078(1)
Dysphagia
1078(1)
Esophageal Diverticulum
1079(1)
Tears (Mallory-Weiss Syndrome)
1079(1)
Hiatal Hernia
1079(1)
Gastroesophageal Reflux
1079(3)
Cancer Of The Esophagus
1082(1)
Disorders Of The Stomach
1083(6)
Gastric Mucosal Barrier
1083(1)
Gastritis
1083(2)
Peptic Ulcer Disease
1085(3)
Cancer Of The Stomach
1088(1)
Disorders Of The Small And Large Intestines
1089(28)
Irritable Bowel Syndrome
1090(1)
Inflammatory Bowel Disease
1090(6)
Infectious Enterocolitis
1096(2)
Diverticular Disease
1098(1)
Appendicitis
1099(1)
Alterations in Intestinal Motility
1100(5)
Alterations in Intestinal Absorption
1105(3)
Neoplasms
1108(9)
38 Disorders of Hepatobiliary and Exocrine Pancreas Function
1117(37)
The Liver And Hepatobiliary System
1117(8)
Metabolic Functions Of The Liver
1120(2)
Bile Production And Cholestasis
1122(1)
Bilirubin Elimination And Jaundice
1123(1)
Tests Of Hepatobiliary Function
1124(1)
Disorders Of Hepatic And Biliary Function
1125(18)
Hepatotoxic Disorders
1125(2)
Viral Hepatitis
1127(6)
Autoimmune Hepatitis
1133(1)
Intrahepatic Biliary Disorders
1133(1)
Alcohol-Induced Liver Disease
1134(2)
Cirrhosis, Portal Hypertension, And Liver Failure
1136(5)
Cancer Of The Liver
1141(2)
Disorders Of The Gallbladder And Exocrine Pancreas
1143(11)
Disorders Of The Gallbladder And Extrahepatic Bile Ducts
1143(3)
Disorders Of The Exocrine Pancreas
1146(8)
39 Alterations in Nutritional Status
1154(19)
Nutritional Status
1154(3)
Energy Metabolism
1155(1)
Energy Storage
1155(1)
Energy Expenditure
1156(1)
Nutritional Needs
1157(4)
Dietary Reference Intakes
1157(1)
Nutritional Needs
1158(2)
Regulation Of Food Intake And Energy Storage
1160(1)
Overweight And Obesity
1161(5)
Body Mass Index
1162(1)
Causes Of Obesity
1162(1)
Types Of Obesity
1162(1)
Health Risks Associated With Obesity
1163(1)
Prevention And Treatment Of Obesity
1164(2)
Undernutrition And Eating Disorders
1166(8)
Malnutrition And Starvation
1166(2)
Eating Disorders
1168(5)
Unit 12 Disorders Of Endocrine Function 1173(58)
40 Mechanisms of Endocrine Control
1174(14)
The Endocrine System
1174(14)
Hormones
1174(5)
Control of Hormone Levels
1179(3)
Diagnostic Tests
1182(6)
41 Disorders of Endocrine Control of Growth and Metabolism
1188(43)
General Aspects Of Altered Endocrine Function
1189(1)
Hypofunction, Hyperfunction, And Hormone Resistance
1189(1)
Primary, Secondary, And Tertiary Disorders
1189(1)
Pituitary And Growth Disorders
1190(7)
Assessment Of Hypothalamic-Pituitary Function
1190(1)
Pituitary Tumors
1190(1)
Hypopituitarism
1190(1)
Growth And Growth Hormone Disorders
1191(5)
Precocious Puberty
1196(1)
Thyroid Disorders
1197(7)
Control Of Thyroid Function
1197(3)
Hypothyroidism
1200(2)
Hyperthyroidism
1202(2)
Disorders Of Adrenal Cortical Function
1204(8)
Control of Adrenal Cortical Function
1204(3)
Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia
1207(1)
Adrenal Cortical Insufficiency
1208(2)
Glucocorticoid Hormone Excess (Cushing Syndrome)
1210(1)
Incidental Adrenal Mass
1211(1)
General Aspects Of Altered Glucose Regulation
1212(4)
Hormonal Control Of Glucose, Fat, And Protein Metabolism
1212(1)
Glucose-Regulating Hormones
1213(1)
Counter-Regulatory Hormones
1214(2)
Diabetes Mellitus And The Metabolic Syndrome
1216(7)
Overview, Incidence, and Prevalence
1216(1)
Testing for Diagnosis and Management
1217(1)
Classifications and Pathophysiology
1218(4)
Clinical Manifestations of Diabetes Mellitus
1222(1)
Treatment
1222(1)
Complications Of Diabetes Mellitus
1223(10)
Acute Complications of Diabetes
1223(2)
Diabetic Complications Related to Counter-Regulatory Mechanisms
1225(1)
Chronic Complications of Diabetes Mellitus
1225(1)
Diabetic Foot Ulcers
1226(1)
Infections
1226(5)
Unit 13 Disorders Of Genitourinary And Reproductive Function 1231(104)
42 Structure and Function of the Male Genitourinary System
1233(12)
Structure Of The Male Reproductive System
1233(4)
Embryonic Development
1233(1)
Testes and Scrotum
1234(1)
Genital Duct System
1235(1)
Accessory Organs
1236(1)
Penis
1236(1)
Spermatogenesis And Hormonal Control Of Male Reproductive Function
1237(4)
Spermatogenesis
1237(1)
Hormonal Control of Male Reproductive Function
1238(3)
Neural Control Of Sexual Function And Changes With Aging
1241(4)
Neural Control
1241(1)
Changes with Aging
1242(3)
43 Disorders of the Male Reproductive System
1245(22)
Disorders Of The Penis
1245(7)
Congenital and Acquired Disorders
1245(2)
Disorders of Erectile Function
1247(4)
Cancer of the Penis
1251(1)
Disorders Of The Scrotum And Testes
1252(6)
Congenital and Acquired Disorders
1252(3)
Infection and Inflammation
1255(1)
Neoplasms
1256(2)
Disorders Of The Prostate
1258(9)
Infection and Inflammation
1258(1)
Hyperplasia and Neoplasms
1259(8)
44 Structure and Function of the Female Reproductive System
1267(17)
Reproductive Structures
1267(4)
External Genitalia
1267(2)
Internal Genitalia
1269(2)
Menstrual Cycle
1271(9)
Hormonal Control of the Menstrual Cycle
1271(4)
Ovarian Follicle Development and Ovulation
1275(1)
Endometrial Changes
1276(1)
Cervical Mucus Changes
1276(1)
Menopause
1277(3)
Breasts
1280(4)
Structure and Function
1280(2)
Changes During Pregnancy and Lactation
1282(2)
45 Disorders of the Female Reproductive System
1284(36)
Disorders Of The External Genitalia And Vagina
1285(3)
Disorders of the External Genitalia
1285(2)
Disorders of the Vagina
1287(1)
Disorders Of The Cervix And Uterus
1288(8)
Disorders of the Uterine Cervix
1288(3)
Disorders of the Uterus
1291(5)
Disorders Of The Fallopian Tubes And Ovaries
1296(7)
Pelvic Inflammatory Disease
1296(1)
Ectopic Pregnancy
1297(1)
Cancer of the Fallopian Tube
1298(1)
Ovarian Cysts and Tumors
1298(5)
Disorders Of Pelvic Support And Uterine Position
1303(3)
Disorders of Pelvic Support
1303(2)
Variations in Uterine Position
1305(1)
Menstrual Disorders
1306(3)
Dysfunctional Menstrual Cycles
1306(1)
Amenorrhea
1307(1)
Dysmenorrhea
1307(1)
Premenstrual Symptom Disorders
1307(2)
Disorders Of The Breast
1309(4)
Galactorrhea
1309(1)
Mastitis
1309(1)
Ductal Disorders
1310(1)
Fibroadenoma and Fibrocystic Changes
1310(1)
Breast Cancer
1310(3)
Infertility
1313(7)
Male Factors
1313(1)
Female Factors
1313(2)
Assisted Reproductive Technology
1315(5)
46 Sexually Transmitted Infections
1320(15)
Infections Of The External Genitalia
1321(4)
Condylomata Acuminata (Genital Warts)
1321(1)
Genital Herpes
1322(2)
Molluscum Contagiosum
1324(1)
Chancroid
1324(1)
Granuloma Inguinale
1324(1)
Lymphogranuloma Venereum
1325(1)
Vaginal Infections
1325(3)
Candidiasis
1325(1)
Trichomoniasis
1326(1)
Bacterial Vaginosis
1327(1)
Vaginal-Urogenital-Systemic Infections
1328(4)
Chlamydial Infections
1328(1)
Gonorrhea
1329(2)
Syphilis
1331(1)
Other Infections
1332(3)
Unit 14 Disorders Of Musculoskeletal Function 1335(100)
47 Structure and Function of the Musculoskeletal System
1336(13)
Bony Structures Of The Skeletal System
1336(8)
Bone Structures
1337(2)
Bone Tissue
1339(2)
Cartilage
1341(1)
Hormonal Control of Bone Formation and Metabolism
1341(3)
Articulations And Joints
1344(5)
Tendons and Ligaments
1344(1)
Types of Joints
1344(5)
48 Disorders of Musculoskeletal Function: Trauma, Infection, Neoplasms
1349(29)
Injury And Trauma Of Musculoskeletal Structures
1349(17)
Athletic Injuries
1350(1)
Soft Tissue Injuries
1350(1)
Joint (Musculotendinous) Injuries
1350(6)
Fractures
1356(5)
Complications of Fractures and Other Musculoskeletal Injuries
1361(5)
Bone Infections
1366(3)
Osteomyelitis
1366(2)
Tuberculosis Of The Bone Or Joint
1368(1)
Osteonecrosis
1369(1)
Etiology and Pathogenesis
1369(1)
Clinical Manifestations, Diagnosis, and Treatment
1370(1)
Neoplasms
1370(8)
Characteristics of Bone Tumors
1371(1)
Benign Neoplasms
1371(1)
Malignant Bone Tumors
1371(3)
Metastatic Bone Disease
1374(4)
49 Disorders of Musculoskeletal Function: Developmental and Metabolic Disorders, Activity Intolerance, and Fatigue
1378(30)
Alterations In Skeletal Growth And Development
1379(14)
Bone Growth And Remodeling
1379(1)
Alterations During Normal Growth Periods
1379(8)
Hereditary And Congenital Deformities
1387(3)
Juvenile Osteochondroses
1390(2)
Scoliosis
1392(1)
Metabolic Bone Disease
1393(8)
Osteopenia
1393(1)
Osteoporosis
1394(3)
Osteomalacia And Rickets
1397(2)
Paget Disease
1399(2)
Activity Intolerance And Fatigue
1401(7)
Mechanisms of Fatigue
1401(1)
Acute Physical Fatigue
1401(1)
Chronic Fatigue
1402(6)
50 Disorders of Musculoskeletal Function: Rheumatic Disorders
1408(27)
Systemic Autoimmune Rheumatic Diseases
1409(10)
Rheumatoid Arthritis
1409(6)
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
1415(3)
Systemic Sclerosis/Scleroderma
1418(1)
Polymyositis and Dermatomyositis
1418(1)
Seronegative Spondyloarthropathies
1419(3)
Ankylosing Spondylitis
1419(2)
Reactive Arthropathies
1421(1)
Psoriatic Arthritis
1421(1)
Enteropathic Arthritis
1422(1)
Osteoarthritis Syndrome
1422(5)
Epidemiology and Risk Factors
1423(1)
Pathogenesis
1423(2)
Clinical Manifestations
1425(1)
Diagnosis and Treatment
1425(2)
Crystal-Induced Arthropathies
1427(2)
Gout
1427(2)
Rheumatic Diseases In Children And Older Adults
1429(7)
Rheumatic Diseases in Children
1429(2)
Rheumatic Diseases in Older Adults
1431(4)
Unit 15 Disorders Of Integumentary Function 1435(60)
51 Structure and Function of the Skin
1436(16)
Structure And Function Of The Skin
1436(9)
Skin Structures
1436(7)
Skin Appendages
1443(1)
Functions of the Skin
1444(1)
Manifestations Of Skin Disorders
1445(7)
Lesions and Rashes
1445(3)
Pruritus
1448(1)
Dry Skin
1449(1)
Skin Variations
1450(2)
52 Disorders of Skin Integrity and Function
1452(43)
Primary Disorders Of The Skin
1452(24)
Pigmentary Skin Disorders
1453(1)
Infectious Processes
1454(6)
Acne and Rosacea
1460(6)
Allergic and Hypersensitivity Dermatoses
1466(4)
Papulosquamous Dermatoses
1470(4)
Arthropod Infestations
1474(2)
Ultraviolet Radiation, Thermal, And Pressure Injury
1476(8)
Skin Damage Caused by Ultraviolet Radiation
1476(1)
Thermal Injury
1477(4)
Pressure Ulcers
1481(3)
Nevi And Skin Cancers
1484(4)
Nevi
1484(1)
Skin Cancer
1484(4)
Age-Related Skin Manifestations
1488(7)
Skin Manifestations of Infancy and Childhood
1488(3)
Skin Manifestations and Disorders in Older Adults
1491(4)
Appendix: Lab Values 1495(3)
Glossary 1498(13)
Index 1511