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1 | (18) |
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1.1 From Product Variety to Postponement |
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1 | (2) |
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1 | (1) |
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2 | (1) |
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1.1.3 Postponement Strategy |
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3 | (1) |
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1.2 Classification of Postponement |
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3 | (8) |
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4 | (2) |
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1.2.2 Logistics Postponement |
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6 | (1) |
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7 | (1) |
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8 | (1) |
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8 | (1) |
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1.2.6 Advantages and Disadvantages of Postponement |
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9 | (1) |
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1.2.7 Prerequisites for Postponement Strategy Development |
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10 | (1) |
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1.3 Cost Models for Analyzing Postponement Strategies |
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11 | (3) |
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11 | (1) |
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12 | (1) |
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13 | (1) |
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1.3.4 Performance Measures |
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14 | (1) |
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1.4 A Literature Review for Model Development |
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14 | (3) |
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15 | (1) |
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1.4.2 Lot Size-Reorder Point Model |
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16 | (1) |
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16 | (1) |
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17 | (2) |
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2 Analysis of Pull Postponement by EOQ-based Models |
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19 | (24) |
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2.1 Postponement Strategy for Ordinary (Imperishable) Items |
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19 | (13) |
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2.1.1 Proposed Model and Assumptions |
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19 | (3) |
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2.1.2 Case 1: Same Backorder Cost |
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22 | (4) |
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2.1.3 Case 2: Different Backorder Costs |
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26 | (4) |
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2.1.4 A Numerical Example |
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30 | (2) |
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2.2 Postponement Strategy for Perishable Items |
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32 | (9) |
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2.2.1 Notation and Assumptions |
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33 | (1) |
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34 | (4) |
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2.2.3 The Postponement and Independent Systems |
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38 | (1) |
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39 | (2) |
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41 | (2) |
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3 Analysis of Postponement Strategy by EPQ-based Models |
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43 | (38) |
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3.1 Analysis of Postponement Strategy by an EPQ-based Model without Stockout |
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43 | (19) |
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3.1.1 Proposed Model and Assumptions |
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43 | (3) |
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3.1.2 2 Machines for 2 End-Products |
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46 | (10) |
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3.1.3 n Machines for n End-Products |
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56 | (6) |
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3.2 Analysis of Postponement Strategy by an EPQ-based Model with Planned Backorders |
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62 | (16) |
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3.2.1 Proposed Model and Assumptions |
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63 | (2) |
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3.2.2 Demands Are Met Continuously |
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65 | (6) |
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3.2.3 Demands Are Met After Production Is Complete |
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71 | (7) |
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78 | (3) |
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4 Evaluation of a Postponement System with an (r, q) Policy |
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81 | (28) |
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4.1 The Proposed Models and Assumptions |
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81 | (2) |
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4.2 System Dynamics for a Non-postponement System |
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83 | (1) |
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4.3 The Algorithm for Finding a Near Optimal Total Average Cost of an (r, q) Policy |
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84 | (18) |
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4.3.1 The Markov Chain Development |
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84 | (15) |
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4.3.2 The Algorithm for Finding a Near Optimal Total Average Cost |
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99 | (3) |
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4.4 System Dynamics for a Postponement System |
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102 | (1) |
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4.5 Average Cost Comparison of the Two Systems When L = 0 |
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103 | (1) |
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4.6 Average Cost Comparison of the Two Systems When L ≥ 1 |
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104 | (3) |
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4.6.1 An Overview of the Simulation Results |
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104 | (2) |
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4.6.2 Impacts of Parameters on Average Cost |
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106 | (1) |
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107 | (2) |
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5 Simulation of a Two-End-Product Postponement System |
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109 | (16) |
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5.1 Proposed Model and Assumptions |
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110 | (2) |
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111 | (1) |
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111 | (1) |
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112 | (5) |
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112 | (2) |
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5.2.2 The Simulation Model |
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114 | (1) |
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5.2.3 Customer Demand Distribution |
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114 | (1) |
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5.2.4 Order Quantity and Reorder Point |
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115 | (1) |
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5.2.5 Summary of Parameters |
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115 | (1) |
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115 | (2) |
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5.3 Simulation Results for Non-cost Parameters |
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117 | (4) |
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5.3.1 Uniform Distribution |
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117 | (1) |
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5.3.2 Poisson Distribution |
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118 | (1) |
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5.3.3 Normal Distribution I |
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119 | (1) |
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5.3.4 Normal Distribution II |
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120 | (1) |
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5.4 Simulation Results for Cost Parameters |
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121 | (2) |
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123 | (2) |
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6 Application of Postponement: Examples from Industry |
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125 | (8) |
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6.1 A Case Study from Hong Kong |
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125 | (4) |
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6.1.1 An Overview of the Company |
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126 | (1) |
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6.1.2 Implementation of Postponement |
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126 | (1) |
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6.1.3 Benefits of Using Postponement |
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127 | (1) |
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128 | (1) |
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6.2 The Case of Taiwanese Information Technology Industry |
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129 | (3) |
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129 | (1) |
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130 | (1) |
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131 | (1) |
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131 | (1) |
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132 | (1) |
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7 Conclusions, Implications and Future Research Directions |
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133 | (24) |
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133 | (1) |
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7.2 Implications and Further Research Directions |
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134 | (3) |
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A Simulation Results (Uniform Distribution) |
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137 | (4) |
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B Simulation Results (Poisson Distribution) |
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141 | (6) |
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C Simulation Results (Normal Distribution I) |
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147 | (4) |
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D Simulation Results (Normal Distribution II) |
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151 | (4) |
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E Simulation Results for Cost Analysis |
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155 | (2) |
References |
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157 | (6) |
About the Authors |
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163 | (2) |
Index |
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165 | |