| Authors |
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5 | (1) |
| Acknowledgments |
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5 | (1) |
| Disclaimer |
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6 | (1) |
| Introduction |
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7 | (4) |
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A Understanding non-tariff measures and their impact |
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7 | (1) |
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8 | (3) |
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Chapter 1 Non-Tariff Measures: Definitions and Basic Facts |
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11 | (8) |
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A Overview and learning objectives |
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13 | (1) |
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13 | (6) |
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1 Definition of non-tariff measures |
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13 | (1) |
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2 Non-tariff measures and the World Trade Organization: agreements on sanitary and phytosanitary measures and on technical barriers to trade |
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14 | (1) |
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3 Non-tariff measures: fact-finding |
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15 | (4) |
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Chapter 2 Data Sources and Incidence Indicators |
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19 | (24) |
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A Overview and learning objectives |
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21 | (1) |
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21 | (13) |
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21 | (7) |
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28 | (4) |
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3 Complementarity versus substitutability between tariffs and non-tariff measures |
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32 | (2) |
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34 | (8) |
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1 Computing prevalence indicators |
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34 | (5) |
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2 Calculating complementarity/substitutability between tariffs and non-tariff measures |
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39 | (3) |
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42 | (1) |
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1 Comparing incidence ratios |
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42 | (1) |
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2 Investigating the relationship between tariffs and non-tariff measures |
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42 | (1) |
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Chapter 3 Macro-Analysis of the Trade Effects of Non-Tariff Measures |
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43 | (28) |
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A Overview and learning objectives |
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45 | (1) |
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45 | (4) |
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1 Issues and empirical methods |
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45 | (4) |
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2 Empirical assessment of trade effects |
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49 | (1) |
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2.1 Trade effects across sectors |
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49 | (1) |
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2.2 Trade effects across exporting countries |
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49 | (1) |
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2.3 Trade effects of non-tariff measures harmonization and mutual recognition |
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49 | (1) |
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2.4 Trade effects of non-tariff measures and regionalism |
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50 | (2) |
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3 Ad valorem equivalents of non-tariff measures |
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51 | (1) |
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3.1 Computation of ad valorem equivalents using the direct method based on prices |
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52 | (2) |
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3.2 Computation of ad valorem equivalents using the indirect method based on quantities |
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54 | (3) |
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3.3 Ad valorem equivalents and policy |
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57 | (1) |
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58 | (10) |
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1 Trade effects of sanitary and phytosanitary measures and technical barriers to trade |
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58 | (4) |
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2 Trade effects of non-tariff measures harmonization within North-South regional trade agreements |
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62 | (2) |
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3 Computation of ad valorem equivalents using the direct method based on prices |
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64 | (4) |
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68 | (3) |
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1 Trade effects of non-tariff measures and fixed effects |
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68 | (1) |
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2 Harmonization of non-tariff measures |
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68 | (1) |
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3 Computation of ad valorem equivalents |
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69 | (2) |
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Chapter 4 Micro-Analysis of the Trade Effects of Non-Tariff Measures |
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71 | (12) |
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A Overview and learning objectives |
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73 | (1) |
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73 | (3) |
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73 | (1) |
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2 Impact of non-tariff measures on firms' export decisions |
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74 | (2) |
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3 Impact of non-tariff measures on export diversification |
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76 | (1) |
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76 | (5) |
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Estimating trade effects of non-tariff measures at the firm level |
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76 | (5) |
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81 | (2) |
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1 Trade at the firm level |
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81 | (1) |
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2 Trade effects of non-tariff measures on firms' exports |
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81 | (2) |
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Chapter 5 Beyond Trade Effects |
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83 | (10) |
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A Overview and learning objectives |
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85 | (1) |
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85 | (8) |
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1 Welfare impact: conceptual presentation |
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85 | (3) |
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2 Welfare impact: an empirical assessment |
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88 | (5) |
| References |
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93 | |
