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E-grāmata: Principles of Highway Engineering and Traffic Analysis

3.64/5 (53 ratings by Goodreads)
(University of Florida), (University of Washington)
  • Formāts: EPUB+DRM
  • Izdošanas datums: 05-Dec-2019
  • Izdevniecība: John Wiley & Sons Inc
  • Valoda: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9781119493969
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Principles of Highway Engineering and Traffic AnalysisPalielināt
  • Formāts: EPUB+DRM
  • Izdošanas datums: 05-Dec-2019
  • Izdevniecība: John Wiley & Sons Inc
  • Valoda: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9781119493969
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Highly regarded for its clarity and depth of coverage, the bestselling Principles of Highway Engineering and Traffic Analysis provides a comprehensive introduction to the highway-related problems civil engineers encounter every day. Emphasizing practical applications and up-to-date methods, this book prepares students for real-world practice while building the essential knowledge base required of a transportation professional. In-depth coverage of highway engineering and traffic analysis, road vehicle performance, traffic flow and highway capacity, pavement design, travel demand, traffic forecasting, and other essential topics equips students with the understanding they need to analyze and solve the problems facing America’s highway system.

This new Seventh Edition features a new e-book format that allows for enhanced pedagogy, with instant access to solutions for selected problems. Coverage focuses exclusively on highway transportation to reflect the dominance of U.S. highway travel and the resulting employment opportunities, while the depth and scope of coverage is designed to prepare students for success on standardized civil engineering exams.

Preface v
Chapter 1 Introduction to Highway Engineering and Traffic Analysis
1(10)
1.1 Introduction
1(1)
1.2 Highways and the Economy
2(1)
1.2.1 The Highway Economy
2(1)
1.2.2 Supply Chains
2(1)
1.2.3 Economic Development
3(1)
1.3 Highways, Energy, the Environment, and Climate Change
3(1)
1.4 Highways as Part of the Transportation System
3(1)
1.5 Highway Transportation and the Human Element
4(2)
1.5.1 Passenger Transportation Modes and Traffic Congestion
4(1)
1.5.2 Highway Safety
5(1)
1.5.3 Demographic Trends
6(1)
1.6 Highways and Evolving Technologies
6(3)
1.6.1 Infrastructure Technologies
6(1)
1.6.2 Traffic Control Technologies
7(1)
1.6.3 Vehicle and Autonomous Vehicle Technologies
8(1)
1.7 Scope of Study
9(2)
Chapter 2 Road Vehicle Performance
11(42)
2.1 Introduction
11(1)
2.2 Tractive Effort and Resistance
11(1)
2.3 Aerodynamic Resistance
12(3)
2.4 Rolling Resistance
15(2)
2.5 Grade Resistance
17(1)
2.6 Available Tractive Effort
18(7)
2.6.1 Maximum Tractive Effort
18(3)
2.6.2 Engine-Generated Tractive Effort
21(4)
2.7 Vehicle Acceleration
25(4)
2.8 Fuel Efficiency
29(1)
2.9 Principles of Braking
30(15)
2.9.1 Braking Forces
30(2)
2.9.2 Braking Force Ratio and Efficiency
32(3)
2.9.3 Antilock Braking Systems
35(1)
2.9.4 Theoretical Stopping Distance
35(4)
2.9.5 Practical Stopping Distance
39(3)
2.9.6 Distance Traveled During Driver Perception/Reaction
42(3)
2.10 Practice Problems
45(8)
Chapter 3 Geometric Design of Highways
53(54)
3.1 Introduction
53(1)
3.2 Principles of Highway Alignment
54(1)
3.3 Vertical Alignment
55(29)
3.3.1 Vertical Curve Fundamentals
57(8)
3.3.2 Stopping Sight Distance
65(1)
3.3.3 Stopping Sight Distance and Crest Vertical Curve Design
66(4)
3.3.4 Stopping Sight Distance and Sag Vertical Curve Design
70(8)
3.3.5 Passing Sight Distance and Crest Vertical Curve Design
78(3)
3.3.6 Underpass Sight Distance and Sag Vertical Curve Design
81(3)
3.4 Horizontal Alignment
84(8)
3.4.1 Vehicle Cornering
84(2)
3.4.2 Horizontal Curve Fundamentals
86(4)
3.4.3 Stopping Sight Distance and Horizontal Curve Design
90(2)
3.5 Combined Vertical and Horizontal Alignment
92(6)
3.6 Practice Problems
98(9)
Chapter 4 Pavement Design
107(44)
4.1 Introduction
107(1)
4.2 Pavement Types
107(2)
4.2.1 Flexible Pavements
108(1)
4.2.2 Rigid Pavements
109(1)
4.3 Pavement System Design: Principles for Flexible Pavements
109(1)
4.4 Traditional AASHTO Flexible-Pavement Design Procedure
110(12)
4.4.1 Serviceability Concept
111(1)
4.4.2 Flexible-Pavement Design Equation
111(7)
4.4.3 Structural Number
118(4)
4.5 Pavement System Design: Principles for Rigid Pavements
122(1)
4.6 Traditional AASHTO Rigid-Pavement Design Procedure
123(9)
4.7 Design-Lane Loads
132(5)
4.8 Measuring Pavement Quality and Performance
137(3)
4.8.1 International Roughness Index
137(1)
4.8.2 Friction Measurements
138(1)
4.8.3 Rut Depth
139(1)
4.8.4 Cracking
139(1)
4.8.5 Faulting
140(1)
4.8.6 Punchouts
140(1)
4.9 Mechanistic-Empirical Pavement Design
140(2)
4.10 Practice Problems
142(9)
Chapter 5 Fundamentals of Traffic Flow and Queuing Theory
151(40)
5.1 Introduction
151(1)
5.2 Traffic Stream Parameters
151(6)
5.2.1 Traffic Flow, Speed, and Density
152(5)
5.3 Basic Traffic Stream Models
157(5)
5.3.1 Speed-Density Model
157(2)
5.3.2 Flow-Density Model
159(1)
5.3.3 Speed-Flow Model
160(2)
5.4 Models of Traffic Flow
162(5)
5.4.1 Poisson Model
162(4)
5.4.2 Limitations of the Poisson Model
166(1)
5.5 Queuing Theory and Traffic Flow Analysis
167(14)
5.5.1 Dimensions of Queuing Models
167(1)
5.5.2 D/D/1 Queuing
168(7)
5.5.3 M/D/1 Queuing
175(2)
5.5.4 M/M/1 Queuing
177(1)
5.5.5 M/M/N Queuing
178(3)
5.6 Traffic Analysis at Highway Bottlenecks
181(3)
5.7 Impact of Autonomous Vehicles
184(2)
5.8 Practice Problems
186(5)
Chapter 6 Highway Capacity and Level-of-Service Analysis
191(52)
6.1 Introduction
191(1)
6.2 Level-of-Service Concept
192(3)
6.3 Level-of-Service Determination
195(1)
6.3.1 Base Conditions and Capacity
195(1)
6.3.2 Determine Free-Flow Speed
195(1)
6.3.3 Determine Analysis Flow Rate
196(1)
6.3.4 Calculate Service Measure(s) and Determine LOS
196(1)
6.4 Basic Freeway Segments
196(15)
6.4.1 Speed versus Flow Rate Relationship
196(2)
6.4.2 Base Conditions and Capacity
198(1)
6.4.3 Service Measure
198(3)
6.4.4 Determine Free-Flow Speed
201(1)
6.4.5 Determine Analysis Flow Rate
202(6)
6.4.6 Calculate Density and Determine LOS
208(3)
6.5 Multilane Highway Segments
211(10)
6.5.1 Speed versus Flow Rate Relationship
212(3)
6.5.2 Base Conditions and Capacity
215(1)
6.5.3 Service Measure
215(1)
6.5.4 Determining Free-Flow Speed
215(2)
6.5.5 Determining Analysis Flow Rate
217(1)
6.5.6 Calculate Density and Determine LOS
217(4)
6.6 Two-Lane Highways
221(12)
6.6.1 Analysis Concepts
222(11)
6.7 Design Traffic Volumes
233(4)
6.8 Practice Problems
237(6)
Chapter 7 Traffic Control and Analysis at Signalized Intersections
243(68)
7.1 Introduction
243(1)
7.2 Intersection and Signal Control Characteristics
244(9)
7.2.1 Actuated Control
247(3)
7.2.2 Signal Controller Operation
250(3)
7.3 Traffic Flow Fundamentals for Signalized Intersections
253(3)
7.4 Development of a Traffic Signal Phasing and Timing Plan
256(17)
7.4.1 Select Signal Phasing
257(4)
7.4.2 Establish Analysis Lane Groups
261(2)
7.4.3 Calculate Analysis Flow Rates and Adjusted Saturation Flow Rates
263(1)
7.4.4 Determine Critical Lane Groups and Total Cycle Lost Time
263(3)
7.4.5 Calculate Cycle Length
266(2)
7.4.6 Allocate Green Time
268(2)
7.4.7 Calculate Change and Clearance Intervals
270(2)
7.4.8 Check Pedestrian Crossing Time
272(1)
7.5 Analysis of Traffic at Signalized Intersections
273(26)
7.5.1 Signalized Intersection Analysis with D/D/1 Queuing
274(7)
7.5.2 Signal Coordination
281(8)
7.5.3 Control Delay Calculation for Level of Service Analysis
289(5)
7.5.4 Level-of-Service Determination
294(5)
7.6 Practice Problems
299(12)
Chapter 8 Travel Demand and Traffic Forecasting
311(1)
8.1 Introduction
311(2)
8.2 Traveler Decisions
313(1)
8.3 Scope of the Travel Demand and Traffic Forecasting Problem
313(3)
8.4 Trip Generation
316(6)
8.4.1 Typical Trip Generation Models
317(3)
8.4.2 Trip Generation with Count Data Models
320(2)
8.5 Mode and Destination Choice
322(7)
8.5.1 Methodological Approach
322(2)
8.5.2 Logit Model Applications
324(5)
8.6 Highway Route Choice
329(12)
8.6.1 Highway Performance Functions
330(1)
8.6.2 User Equilibrium
331(5)
8.6.3 Mathematical Programming Approach to User Equilibrium
336(1)
8.6.4 System Optimization
337(4)
8.7 Autonomous Vehicles, Highway Performance Functions, and System Optimization
341(1)
8.8 Traffic Forecasting in Practice
342(4)
8.9 The Traditional Four-Step Process
346(1)
8.10 The Current State of Travel Demand and Traffic Forecasting
347(1)
8.11 Practice Problems
348(4)
Appendix 8A Least Squares Estimation
352(2)
Appendix 8B Maximum-Likelihood Estimation
354
Problems 1(1)
Index 1
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