| Dedication |
|
iii | |
| About The Authors |
|
v | |
| Thank You! |
|
vii | |
| Preface |
|
ix | |
| Acknowledgments |
|
xiii | |
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1 Nurse's Role in Care of the Child: Hospital, Community, and Home |
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1 | (16) |
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Pediatric Healthcare Overview |
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1 | (1) |
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Role of the Nurse in Pediatrics |
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2 | (2) |
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2 | (1) |
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3 | (1) |
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3 | (1) |
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4 | (1) |
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4 | (1) |
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Nursing Process in Pediatric Care |
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4 | (1) |
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4 | (1) |
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4 | (1) |
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Settings for Pediatric Nursing Care |
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5 | (1) |
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Contemporary Climate for Pediatric Nursing Care |
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5 | (1) |
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Culturally Sensitive Care |
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5 | (1) |
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6 | (1) |
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Pediatric Health Statistics |
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6 | (2) |
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6 | (1) |
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7 | (1) |
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8 | (1) |
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8 | (1) |
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8 | (1) |
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Legal Concepts and Responsibilities |
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9 | (2) |
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Regulation of Nursing Practice |
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9 | (1) |
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Accountability and Risk Management |
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9 | (2) |
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Legal and Ethical Issues in Pediatric Care |
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11 | (6) |
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11 | (1) |
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Child Participation in Healthcare Decisions |
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12 | (1) |
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Child's Rights Versus Parents' Rights |
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12 | (1) |
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Patient Self-Determination Act |
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13 | (1) |
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13 | (2) |
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15 | (2) |
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2 Family-Centered Care and Cultural Considerations |
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17 | (28) |
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17 | (1) |
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18 | (1) |
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History of Family-Centered Care |
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18 | (1) |
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Promoting Family-Centered Care |
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18 | (1) |
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19 | (2) |
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21 | (1) |
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21 | (1) |
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Parental Influences on the Child |
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21 | (1) |
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21 | (1) |
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22 | (1) |
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22 | (3) |
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23 | (1) |
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23 | (1) |
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23 | (1) |
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23 | (1) |
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23 | (1) |
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Assessing Parenting Styles |
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23 | (1) |
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Discipline and Limit Setting |
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24 | (1) |
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Special Family Considerations |
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25 | (1) |
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Divorce and Its Effects on Children |
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25 | (1) |
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26 | (1) |
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26 | (1) |
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27 | (1) |
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Health Status of Foster Children |
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27 | (1) |
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Transition to Permanent Placement |
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27 | (1) |
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27 | (2) |
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Legal Aspects of Adoption |
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28 | (1) |
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28 | (1) |
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Responses by Adopted Children |
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28 | (1) |
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29 | (1) |
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29 | (2) |
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Family Development Theory |
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29 | (1) |
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30 | (1) |
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30 | (1) |
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31 | (2) |
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31 | (1) |
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31 | (1) |
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Collecting Data for Family Assessment |
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31 | (1) |
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32 | (1) |
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33 | (5) |
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34 | (1) |
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Cultural Practices That Influence Health Care |
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35 | (3) |
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Complementary and Alternative Modalities |
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38 | (7) |
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Safety Issues Concerning CAM Therapies |
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39 | (6) |
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3 Genetic and Genomic Influences |
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45 | (21) |
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Partnering With Families: Meeting the Standard of Genetic Nursing Care Delivery |
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45 | (3) |
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Impact of Genetic Advances on Health Promotion and Health Maintenance |
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47 | (1) |
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48 | (3) |
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48 | (1) |
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49 | (1) |
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49 | (2) |
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Principles of Inheritance |
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51 | (4) |
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Classic Mendelian Patterns of Inheritance |
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51 | (3) |
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Variability in Classic Mendelian Patterns of Inheritance |
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54 | (1) |
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Multifactorial Inheritance |
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55 | (1) |
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55 | (8) |
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55 | (2) |
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Quality and Accuracy of Genetic Tests |
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57 | (6) |
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63 | (3) |
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66 | (32) |
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Principles of Growth and Development |
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66 | (2) |
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Major Theories of Development |
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68 | (9) |
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Freud's Theory of Psychosexual Development |
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68 | (1) |
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Erikson's Theory of Psychosocial Development |
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69 | (1) |
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Piaget's Theory of Cognitive Development |
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69 | (3) |
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Kohlberg's Theory of Moral Development |
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72 | (1) |
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73 | (1) |
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73 | (1) |
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74 | (1) |
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74 | (3) |
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77 | (1) |
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Influences on Development |
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77 | (2) |
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79 | (6) |
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Physical Growth and Development |
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79 | (1) |
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80 | (3) |
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83 | (2) |
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85 | (2) |
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Physical Growth and Development |
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85 | (1) |
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86 | (1) |
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86 | (1) |
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Preschool Child (3 to 6 Years) |
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87 | (4) |
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Physical Growth and Development |
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87 | (2) |
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89 | (1) |
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89 | (2) |
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School-Age Child (6 to 12 Years) |
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91 | (3) |
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Physical Growth and Development |
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91 | (1) |
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91 | (1) |
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92 | (2) |
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Adolescent (12 to 18 Years) |
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94 | (4) |
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Physical Growth and Development |
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94 | (1) |
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94 | (1) |
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94 | (4) |
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98 | (46) |
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Anatomic and Physiologic Characteristics of Infants and Children |
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98 | (7) |
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Obtaining the Child's History |
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98 | (1) |
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98 | (2) |
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100 | (3) |
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Developmental Approach to the Examination |
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103 | (2) |
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105 | (1) |
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Assessing Skin and Hair Characteristics |
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105 | (3) |
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106 | (1) |
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106 | (1) |
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107 | (1) |
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107 | (1) |
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107 | (1) |
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107 | (1) |
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Assessing the Head for Skull Characteristics and Facial Features |
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108 | (1) |
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Inspection of the Head and Face |
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108 | (1) |
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109 | (1) |
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Assessing Eye Structures, Function, and Vision |
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109 | (3) |
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Inspection of the External Eye Structures |
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109 | (3) |
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112 | (1) |
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Inspection of the Internal Eye Structures |
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112 | (1) |
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Assessing the Ear Structures and Hearing |
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112 | (3) |
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Inspection of the External Ear Structures |
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112 | (1) |
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Inspection of the Tympanic Membrane |
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112 | (1) |
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113 | (2) |
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Assessing the Nose and Sinuses for Airway Patency and Discharge |
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115 | (2) |
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Inspection of the External Nose |
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115 | (1) |
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Palpation of the External Nose |
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115 | (1) |
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115 | (1) |
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Inspection of the Internal Nose |
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116 | (1) |
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Inspection of the Sinuses |
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116 | (1) |
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Assessing the Mouth and Throat for Color, Function, and Signs of Abnormal Conditions |
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117 | (1) |
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117 | (1) |
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Palpation of the Mouth Structures |
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118 | (1) |
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118 | (1) |
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Assessing the Neck for Characteristics, Range of Motion, and Lymph Nodes |
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118 | (2) |
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118 | (1) |
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119 | (1) |
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Range of Motion Assessment |
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119 | (1) |
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Assessing the Chest for Shape, Movement, Respiratory Effort, and Lung Function |
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120 | (4) |
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120 | (2) |
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122 | (1) |
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Auscultation of the Chest |
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122 | (1) |
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123 | (1) |
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124 | (1) |
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Inspection of the Breasts |
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124 | (1) |
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124 | (1) |
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Assessing the Heart for Heart Sounds and Function |
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124 | (3) |
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Inspection of the Precordium |
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124 | (1) |
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Palpation of the Precordium |
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124 | (1) |
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125 | (1) |
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Auscultation of the Heart |
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125 | (1) |
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Completing the Heart Examination |
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126 | (1) |
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Assessing the Abdomen for Shape, Bowel Sounds, and Underlying Organs |
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127 | (1) |
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Inspection of the Abdomen |
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127 | (1) |
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Auscultation of the Abdomen |
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127 | (1) |
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Percussion of the Abdomen |
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128 | (1) |
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128 | (1) |
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Assessment of the Inguinal Area |
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128 | (1) |
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Assessing the Genital and Perineal Areas for External Structural Abnormalities |
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128 | (2) |
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Inspection of the Female External Genitalia |
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129 | (1) |
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Inspection of the Male Genitalia |
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129 | (1) |
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Palpation of the Male Genitalia |
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130 | (1) |
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130 | (1) |
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Assessing Pubertal Development and Sexual Maturation |
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130 | (2) |
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130 | (1) |
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131 | (1) |
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131 | (1) |
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Assessing the Musculoskeletal System for Bone and Joint Structure, Movement, and Muscle Strength |
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132 | (2) |
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Inspection of the Bones, Muscles, and Joints |
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132 | (1) |
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Palpation of the Bones, Muscles, and Joints |
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132 | (1) |
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Range of Motion and Muscle Strength Assessment |
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133 | (1) |
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Posture and Spinal Alignment |
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133 | (1) |
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Inspection of the Upper Extremities |
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134 | (1) |
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Inspection of the Lower Extremities |
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134 | (1) |
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Assessing the Nervous System |
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134 | (7) |
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136 | (1) |
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136 | (2) |
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138 | (1) |
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138 | (1) |
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138 | (2) |
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Superficial and Deep Tendon Reflexes |
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140 | (1) |
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Performing an Intermittent Examination |
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141 | (1) |
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Analyzing Data From the Physical Examination |
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142 | (2) |
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6 Introduction to Health Promotion and Maintenance |
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144 | (10) |
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145 | (2) |
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Components of Health Promotion/Health Maintenance Visits |
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147 | (7) |
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7 Health Promotion and Maintenance for the Newborn and Infant |
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154 | (12) |
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Health Promotion and Maintenance for the Newborn and Infant |
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154 | (12) |
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Early Contacts With the Family |
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155 | (1) |
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155 | (1) |
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Growth and Developmental Surveillance |
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156 | (1) |
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157 | (1) |
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157 | (1) |
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158 | (1) |
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Mental and Spiritual Health |
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158 | (2) |
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160 | (1) |
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Disease Prevention Strategies |
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160 | (1) |
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Injury Prevention Strategies |
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161 | (5) |
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8 Health Promotion and Maintenance for the Toddler and Preschooler |
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166 | (16) |
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Health Promotion and Maintenance for the Toddler and Preschooler |
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166 | (16) |
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167 | (1) |
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Growth and Developmental Surveillance |
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167 | (2) |
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169 | (1) |
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170 | (1) |
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171 | (1) |
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Mental and Spiritual Health |
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172 | (1) |
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173 | (1) |
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Disease Prevention Strategies |
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174 | (1) |
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Injury Prevention Strategies |
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174 | (8) |
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9 Health Promotion and Maintenance for the School-Age Child and Adolescent |
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182 | (25) |
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Health Promotion and Maintenance for the School-Age Child |
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182 | (13) |
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183 | (1) |
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Growth and Developmental Surveillance |
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183 | (1) |
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184 | (1) |
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184 | (2) |
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186 | (1) |
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Mental and Spiritual Health |
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187 | (2) |
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189 | (1) |
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Disease Prevention Strategies |
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190 | (1) |
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Injury Prevention Strategies |
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191 | (4) |
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Health Promotion and Maintenance for the Adolescent |
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195 | (12) |
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196 | (1) |
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Growth and Developmental Surveillance |
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196 | (1) |
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197 | (1) |
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197 | (1) |
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198 | (1) |
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Mental and Spiritual Health |
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199 | (2) |
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201 | (1) |
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Disease Prevention Strategies |
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201 | (1) |
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Injury Prevention Strategies |
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202 | (5) |
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10 Nursing Considerations for the Child in the Community |
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207 | (15) |
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Community-Based Health Care |
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207 | (1) |
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Community Healthcare Settings |
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208 | (8) |
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Nursing Roles in the Office or Healthcare Center Setting |
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208 | (1) |
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Nursing Roles in the Specialty Healthcare Setting |
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209 | (1) |
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Nursing Roles in the School Setting |
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210 | (1) |
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Nursing Roles in the Childcare Setting |
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211 | (2) |
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Nursing Roles in the Home Healthcare Setting |
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213 | (3) |
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Assessment of Community Needs and Resources |
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216 | (1) |
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216 | (1) |
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217 | (1) |
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Preparation for Disasters |
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217 | (5) |
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218 | (1) |
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218 | (4) |
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11 Nursing Considerations for the Hospitalized Child |
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222 | (24) |
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Effects of Hospitalization on Children and Their Families |
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223 | (5) |
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Children's Understanding of Health and Illness |
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223 | (3) |
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Family Responses to Hospitalization |
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226 | (1) |
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227 | (1) |
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Nurse's Role in the Child's Adaptation to Hospitalization |
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228 | (2) |
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228 | (1) |
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Unexpected Hospitalization |
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229 | (1) |
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Nursing Care of the Hospitalized Child |
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230 | (8) |
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Special Units and Types of Care |
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230 | (1) |
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Parental Involvement and Parental Presence |
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231 | (1) |
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232 | (2) |
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234 | (4) |
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Strategies to Promote Coping and Normal Development of the Hospitalized Child |
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238 | (5) |
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238 | (1) |
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238 | (1) |
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238 | (3) |
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241 | (1) |
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Strategies to Meet Educational Needs |
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241 | (2) |
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Preparation for Home Care |
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243 | (3) |
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Assessing the Child and Family in Preparation for Discharge |
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243 | (1) |
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Preparing the Family for Home Care |
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243 | (1) |
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Preparing Parents to Act as Case Managers |
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243 | (3) |
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12 The Child With a Chronic Condition |
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246 | (14) |
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Overview of Chronic Conditions |
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246 | (2) |
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248 | (5) |
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The Child With a Newly Diagnosed Chronic Condition |
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248 | (1) |
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Discharge Planning and Home Care Teaching |
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249 | (3) |
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252 | (1) |
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253 | (7) |
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253 | (1) |
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Specialty Referral Centers |
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254 | (1) |
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254 | (3) |
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257 | (3) |
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13 The Child With a Life-Threatening Condition and End-of-Life Care |
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260 | (21) |
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Life-Threatening Illness or Injury |
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260 | (1) |
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261 | (3) |
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261 | (3) |
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Parents' Experience of a Child's Life-Threatening Illness or Injury |
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264 | (4) |
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264 | (1) |
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Parental Reactions to Life-Threatening Illness or Injury |
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265 | (3) |
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268 | (1) |
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269 | (1) |
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Palliative and Hospice Care |
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269 | (1) |
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Ethical Issues Surrounding a Child's Death |
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269 | (2) |
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269 | (1) |
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Withdrawal of or Withholding Treatment |
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270 | (1) |
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Do-Not-Resuscitate Orders |
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271 | (1) |
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271 | (5) |
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Awareness of Dying by Developmental Age |
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271 | (5) |
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276 | (5) |
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276 | (1) |
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276 | (1) |
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Death of a Newborn or Young Infant |
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276 | (1) |
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276 | (1) |
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276 | (2) |
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Staff Reactions to the Death of a Child |
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278 | (3) |
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14 Infant, Child, and Adolescent Nutrition |
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281 | (29) |
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General Nutrition Concepts |
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281 | (1) |
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282 | (7) |
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282 | (4) |
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286 | (1) |
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286 | (1) |
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287 | (1) |
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288 | (1) |
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289 | (3) |
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Physical and Behavioral Measurement |
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289 | (1) |
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290 | (2) |
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Common Nutritional Concerns |
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292 | (13) |
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292 | (1) |
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293 | (2) |
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295 | (1) |
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Common Dietary Deficiencies |
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296 | (1) |
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297 | (1) |
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Feeding and Eating Disorders |
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298 | (6) |
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304 | (1) |
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304 | (1) |
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305 | (5) |
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Sports Nutrition and Ergogenic Agents |
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305 | (1) |
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Herbs, Probiotics, and Prebiotics |
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305 | (1) |
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Health-Related Conditions |
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306 | (1) |
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306 | (1) |
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306 | (1) |
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Total Parenteral Nutrition (TPN) |
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307 | (3) |
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15 Pain Assessment and Management in Children |
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310 | (23) |
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310 | (4) |
|
Misconceptions About Pain in Children |
|
|
311 | (1) |
|
Developmental Aspects of Pain Perception, Memory, and Response |
|
|
311 | (1) |
|
Cultural Influences on Pain |
|
|
312 | (2) |
|
|
|
314 | (1) |
|
|
|
314 | (3) |
|
|
|
314 | (1) |
|
|
|
315 | (2) |
|
|
|
317 | (11) |
|
|
|
318 | (1) |
|
|
|
318 | (4) |
|
Nonpharmacologic Methods of Pain Management |
|
|
322 | (6) |
|
|
|
328 | (1) |
|
|
|
328 | (1) |
|
|
|
328 | (1) |
|
Sedation and Analgesia for Medical Procedures |
|
|
329 | (4) |
|
16 Immunizations and Communicable Diseases |
|
|
333 | (34) |
|
Special Vulnerability of Infants and Children |
|
|
333 | (1) |
|
Public Health and Communicable Diseases |
|
|
334 | (1) |
|
|
|
335 | (13) |
|
|
|
340 | (1) |
|
|
|
340 | (8) |
|
Communicable Diseases in Children |
|
|
348 | (16) |
|
|
|
348 | (16) |
|
|
|
364 | (1) |
|
Emerging Infection Control Threats |
|
|
364 | (3) |
|
17 Social and Environmental Influences on the Child |
|
|
367 | (37) |
|
|
|
368 | (1) |
|
Social Influences on Child Health |
|
|
368 | (6) |
|
|
|
368 | (1) |
|
|
|
369 | (2) |
|
|
|
371 | (1) |
|
|
|
372 | (1) |
|
|
|
372 | (1) |
|
|
|
373 | (1) |
|
Lifestyle Activities and Their Influence on Child Health |
|
|
374 | (10) |
|
|
|
374 | (2) |
|
|
|
376 | (1) |
|
|
|
376 | (4) |
|
Physical Inactivity and Sedentary Behavior |
|
|
380 | (1) |
|
Injury and Protective Equipment |
|
|
380 | (2) |
|
|
|
382 | (1) |
|
|
|
383 | (1) |
|
|
|
384 | (4) |
|
|
|
384 | (1) |
|
|
|
384 | (1) |
|
|
|
385 | (1) |
|
|
|
385 | (1) |
|
|
|
385 | (1) |
|
|
|
386 | (2) |
|
|
|
388 | (6) |
|
|
|
388 | (1) |
|
|
|
389 | (1) |
|
|
|
389 | (1) |
|
|
|
389 | (1) |
|
|
|
389 | (1) |
|
|
|
389 | (4) |
|
Munchausen Syndrome by Proxy (Factitious Disorder) |
|
|
393 | (1) |
|
Environmental Influences On Child Health |
|
|
394 | (10) |
|
Environmental Contaminants |
|
|
394 | (1) |
|
|
|
395 | (3) |
|
Ingestion of Foreign Objects |
|
|
398 | (1) |
|
|
|
399 | (5) |
|
18 Alterations in Fluid, Electrolyte, and Acid-Base Balance |
|
|
404 | (36) |
|
Extracellular Fluid Volume Imbalances |
|
|
409 | (11) |
|
Extracellular Fluid Volume Deficit (Dehydration) |
|
|
409 | (7) |
|
Extracellular Fluid Volume Excess |
|
|
416 | (2) |
|
Interstitial Fluid Volume Excess (Edema) |
|
|
418 | (2) |
|
|
|
420 | (3) |
|
|
|
420 | (2) |
|
|
|
422 | (1) |
|
|
|
423 | (4) |
|
|
|
423 | (2) |
|
|
|
425 | (2) |
|
|
|
427 | (3) |
|
|
|
427 | (1) |
|
|
|
428 | (2) |
|
|
|
430 | (2) |
|
|
|
430 | (1) |
|
|
|
430 | (2) |
|
|
|
432 | (8) |
|
|
|
433 | (2) |
|
|
|
435 | (1) |
|
|
|
436 | (1) |
|
|
|
437 | (1) |
|
Mixed Acid--Base Imbalances |
|
|
437 | (3) |
|
19 Alterations in Eye, Ear, Nose, and Throat Function |
|
|
440 | (34) |
|
|
|
440 | (15) |
|
Infectious Conjunctivitis |
|
|
440 | (5) |
|
|
|
445 | (1) |
|
|
|
445 | (1) |
|
|
|
446 | (2) |
|
Retinopathy of Prematurity |
|
|
448 | (4) |
|
|
|
452 | (3) |
|
|
|
455 | (1) |
|
|
|
455 | (10) |
|
|
|
455 | (5) |
|
|
|
460 | (1) |
|
|
|
460 | (5) |
|
|
|
465 | (1) |
|
Disorders of the Nose and Throat |
|
|
465 | (6) |
|
|
|
465 | (2) |
|
|
|
467 | (1) |
|
|
|
468 | (1) |
|
|
|
468 | (1) |
|
Tonsillitis and Adenoiditis |
|
|
469 | (2) |
|
|
|
471 | (3) |
|
20 Alterations in Respiratory Function |
|
|
474 | (44) |
|
Respiratory Distress and Respiratory Failure |
|
|
474 | (7) |
|
|
|
478 | (2) |
|
|
|
480 | (1) |
|
|
|
481 | (4) |
|
Apparent Life-Threatening Event (ALTE) |
|
|
481 | (1) |
|
|
|
482 | (1) |
|
Sudden Infant Death Syndrome |
|
|
483 | (2) |
|
|
|
485 | (3) |
|
|
|
488 | (5) |
|
|
|
488 | (1) |
|
Bronchiolitis and Respiratory Syncytial Virus |
|
|
488 | (3) |
|
|
|
491 | (1) |
|
|
|
492 | (1) |
|
|
|
493 | (19) |
|
Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia (Chronic Lung Disease) |
|
|
493 | (2) |
|
|
|
495 | (11) |
|
|
|
506 | (6) |
|
Injuries of the Respiratory System |
|
|
512 | (6) |
|
|
|
512 | (1) |
|
|
|
513 | (1) |
|
|
|
513 | (1) |
|
|
|
513 | (5) |
|
21 Alterations in Cardiovascular Function |
|
|
518 | (45) |
|
|
|
522 | (3) |
|
Etiology and Pathophysiology |
|
|
522 | (1) |
|
|
|
522 | (1) |
|
|
|
523 | (2) |
|
Congenital Heart Defects That Increase Pulmonary Blood Flow |
|
|
525 | (5) |
|
Etiology and Pathophysiology |
|
|
525 | (1) |
|
|
|
525 | (3) |
|
|
|
528 | (2) |
|
Defects Causing Decreased Pulmonary Blood Flow and Mixed Defects |
|
|
530 | (9) |
|
Etiology and Pathophysiology |
|
|
530 | (1) |
|
|
|
531 | (3) |
|
|
|
534 | (5) |
|
Defects Obstructing Systemic Blood Flow |
|
|
539 | (3) |
|
Etiology and Pathophysiology |
|
|
539 | (1) |
|
|
|
539 | (3) |
|
|
|
542 | (1) |
|
|
|
542 | (5) |
|
Etiology and Pathophysiology |
|
|
543 | (1) |
|
|
|
543 | (1) |
|
|
|
543 | (4) |
|
|
|
547 | (9) |
|
|
|
547 | (2) |
|
|
|
549 | (1) |
|
Pulmonary Artery Hypertension |
|
|
550 | (1) |
|
|
|
550 | (1) |
|
|
|
551 | (1) |
|
|
|
552 | (1) |
|
|
|
553 | (2) |
|
|
|
555 | (1) |
|
|
|
556 | (1) |
|
Injuries of the Cardiovascular System |
|
|
556 | (7) |
|
|
|
556 | (1) |
|
|
|
556 | (3) |
|
|
|
559 | (1) |
|
|
|
559 | (1) |
|
|
|
559 | (1) |
|
|
|
560 | (1) |
|
|
|
560 | (3) |
|
22 Alterations in Immune Function |
|
|
563 | (26) |
|
Immunodeficiency Disorders |
|
|
563 | (15) |
|
B-Cell and T-Cell Disorders |
|
|
566 | (1) |
|
Severe Combined Immunodeficiency Disease |
|
|
567 | (2) |
|
|
|
569 | (1) |
|
Human Immunodeficiency Virus and Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome |
|
|
569 | (9) |
|
|
|
578 | (5) |
|
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus |
|
|
578 | (3) |
|
Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis |
|
|
581 | (2) |
|
|
|
583 | (2) |
|
|
|
585 | (1) |
|
Graft-Versus-Host Disease |
|
|
585 | (4) |
|
23 Alterations in Hematologic Function |
|
|
589 | (21) |
|
|
|
589 | (13) |
|
|
|
589 | (3) |
|
|
|
592 | (1) |
|
|
|
593 | (8) |
|
|
|
601 | (1) |
|
|
|
601 | (1) |
|
|
|
602 | (1) |
|
|
|
602 | (3) |
|
|
|
602 | (2) |
|
|
|
604 | (1) |
|
Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation |
|
|
604 | (1) |
|
Immune Thrombocytopenic Purpura |
|
|
605 | (1) |
|
Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation |
|
|
605 | (5) |
|
|
|
610 | (45) |
|
|
|
613 | (23) |
|
|
|
613 | (1) |
|
Etiology and Pathophysiology |
|
|
613 | (2) |
|
|
|
615 | (1) |
|
|
|
615 | (1) |
|
|
|
616 | (6) |
|
Special Issues in Childhood Cancer |
|
|
622 | (14) |
|
|
|
636 | (7) |
|
|
|
636 | (4) |
|
|
|
640 | (1) |
|
Wilms Tumor (Nephroblastoma) |
|
|
641 | (2) |
|
|
|
643 | (2) |
|
|
|
643 | (1) |
|
|
|
643 | (2) |
|
|
|
645 | (3) |
|
Etiology and Pathophysiology |
|
|
645 | (1) |
|
|
|
645 | (1) |
|
|
|
646 | (2) |
|
|
|
648 | (7) |
|
|
|
648 | (1) |
|
|
|
649 | (1) |
|
|
|
649 | (1) |
|
|
|
650 | (5) |
|
25 Alterations in Gastrointestinal Function |
|
|
655 | (46) |
|
|
|
655 | (19) |
|
Cleft Lip and Cleft Palate |
|
|
655 | (8) |
|
Esophageal Atresia and Tracheoesophageal Fistula |
|
|
663 | (2) |
|
|
|
665 | (3) |
|
|
|
668 | (1) |
|
Omphalocele and Gastroschisis |
|
|
669 | (1) |
|
|
|
670 | (1) |
|
|
|
671 | (1) |
|
|
|
672 | (1) |
|
|
|
672 | (2) |
|
|
|
674 | (1) |
|
|
|
674 | (1) |
|
|
|
675 | (7) |
|
|
|
676 | (3) |
|
Necrotizing Enterocolitis |
|
|
679 | (1) |
|
|
|
680 | (1) |
|
Inflammatory Bowel. Disease |
|
|
680 | (2) |
|
|
|
682 | (1) |
|
|
|
682 | (5) |
|
Gastroenteritis (Acute Diarrhea) |
|
|
682 | (4) |
|
|
|
686 | (1) |
|
|
|
687 | (1) |
|
Intestinal Parasitic Disorders |
|
|
687 | (1) |
|
Disorders of Malabsorption |
|
|
687 | (2) |
|
|
|
687 | (2) |
|
|
|
689 | (6) |
|
Hyperbilirubinemia of the Newborn |
|
|
690 | (1) |
|
|
|
691 | (1) |
|
|
|
692 | (2) |
|
|
|
694 | (1) |
|
Injuries to the Gastrointestinal System |
|
|
695 | (6) |
|
|
|
695 | (6) |
|
26 Alterations in Genitourinary Function |
|
|
701 | (38) |
|
|
|
701 | (5) |
|
Etiology and Pathophysiology |
|
|
701 | (4) |
|
|
|
705 | (1) |
|
|
|
705 | (1) |
|
Structural Defects of the Urinary System |
|
|
706 | (5) |
|
|
|
706 | (1) |
|
Hypospadias and Epispadias |
|
|
707 | (2) |
|
|
|
709 | (1) |
|
|
|
710 | (1) |
|
|
|
710 | (1) |
|
|
|
711 | (1) |
|
|
|
712 | (6) |
|
|
|
712 | (3) |
|
Acute Postinfectious Glomerulonephritis |
|
|
715 | (3) |
|
|
|
718 | (13) |
|
|
|
718 | (3) |
|
|
|
721 | (4) |
|
Renal Replacement Therapy |
|
|
725 | (4) |
|
Hemolytic-Uremic Syndrome |
|
|
729 | (1) |
|
Polycystic Kidney Disease |
|
|
730 | (1) |
|
Structural Defects of the Reproductive System |
|
|
731 | (1) |
|
|
|
731 | (1) |
|
|
|
731 | (1) |
|
Inguinal Hernia and Hydrocele |
|
|
731 | (1) |
|
|
|
732 | (1) |
|
Sexually Transmitted Infections |
|
|
732 | (7) |
|
Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID) |
|
|
735 | (4) |
|
27 Alterations in Neurologic Function |
|
|
739 | (51) |
|
Altered States of Consciousness |
|
|
739 | (8) |
|
Etiology and Pathophysiology |
|
|
743 | (1) |
|
|
|
743 | (1) |
|
|
|
743 | (4) |
|
|
|
747 | (7) |
|
Etiology and Pathophysiology |
|
|
747 | (1) |
|
|
|
747 | (1) |
|
|
|
747 | (7) |
|
|
|
754 | (7) |
|
|
|
754 | (4) |
|
Viral (Aseptic) Meningitis |
|
|
758 | (1) |
|
|
|
759 | (1) |
|
|
|
759 | (1) |
|
Guillain-Barre Syndrome (Postinfectious Polyneuritis) |
|
|
760 | (1) |
|
|
|
761 | (1) |
|
Etiology and Pathophysiology |
|
|
761 | (1) |
|
|
|
761 | (1) |
|
|
|
761 | (1) |
|
|
|
761 | (11) |
|
|
|
761 | (1) |
|
|
|
761 | (4) |
|
|
|
765 | (4) |
|
|
|
769 | (1) |
|
|
|
770 | (1) |
|
Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome |
|
|
770 | (1) |
|
|
|
771 | (1) |
|
|
|
772 | (5) |
|
Etiology and Pathophysiology |
|
|
772 | (1) |
|
|
|
773 | (1) |
|
|
|
773 | (4) |
|
Injuries of the Neurologic System |
|
|
777 | (13) |
|
|
|
777 | (5) |
|
|
|
782 | (1) |
|
|
|
782 | (1) |
|
|
|
782 | (1) |
|
|
|
783 | (1) |
|
|
|
783 | (2) |
|
Hypoxic-Ischemic Brain Injury (Drowning) |
|
|
785 | (5) |
|
28 Alterations in Mental Health and Cognitive Function |
|
|
790 | (31) |
|
Mental Health Alterations of Children and Adolescents |
|
|
790 | (6) |
|
Etiology and Pathophysiology |
|
|
792 | (1) |
|
|
|
792 | (1) |
|
|
|
793 | (3) |
|
Developmental and Behavioral Disorders |
|
|
796 | (7) |
|
Autism Spectrum Disorder (Neurodevelopmental Disorder) |
|
|
796 | (4) |
|
Attention Deficit Disorder and Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder |
|
|
800 | (3) |
|
|
|
803 | (4) |
|
|
|
803 | (3) |
|
Bipolar Disorder (Manic Depression) |
|
|
806 | (1) |
|
Anxiety and Related Disorders |
|
|
807 | (4) |
|
Generalized Anxiety Disorder |
|
|
807 | (1) |
|
Separation Anxiety Disorder |
|
|
807 | (1) |
|
|
|
808 | (1) |
|
Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder |
|
|
808 | (1) |
|
School Phobia (Social Phobia) |
|
|
808 | (1) |
|
|
|
808 | (1) |
|
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder |
|
|
809 | (2) |
|
|
|
811 | (2) |
|
|
|
811 | (1) |
|
Tic Disorders and Tourette Syndrome |
|
|
812 | (1) |
|
|
|
813 | (1) |
|
|
|
813 | (8) |
|
|
|
813 | (1) |
|
Intellectual Disability (Formerly Called Mental Retardation) |
|
|
814 | (7) |
|
29 Alterations in Musculoskeletal Function |
|
|
821 | (40) |
|
Disorders of the Feet and Legs |
|
|
826 | (5) |
|
|
|
826 | (1) |
|
|
|
827 | (3) |
|
Genu Varum and Genu Valgum |
|
|
830 | (1) |
|
|
|
831 | (6) |
|
Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip |
|
|
831 | (3) |
|
Legg-Calve-Perthes Disease |
|
|
834 | (1) |
|
Slipped Capital Femoral Epiphysis |
|
|
835 | (2) |
|
|
|
837 | (4) |
|
|
|
837 | (4) |
|
Torticollis, Kyphosis, and Lordosis |
|
|
841 | (1) |
|
Additional Disorders of the Bones and Joints |
|
|
841 | (6) |
|
Osteoporosis and Osteopenia |
|
|
841 | (2) |
|
|
|
843 | (1) |
|
Skeletal Tuberculosis and Septic Arthritis |
|
|
844 | (1) |
|
|
|
845 | (1) |
|
|
|
846 | (1) |
|
|
|
846 | (1) |
|
|
|
847 | (4) |
|
Injuries to the Musculoskeletal System |
|
|
851 | (10) |
|
|
|
851 | (5) |
|
|
|
856 | (1) |
|
|
|
857 | (4) |
|
30 Alterations in Endocrine Function |
|
|
861 | (39) |
|
Disorders of Pituitary Function |
|
|
861 | (8) |
|
Growth Hormone Deficiency (Hypopituitarism) |
|
|
861 | (6) |
|
Growth Hormone Excess (Hyperpituitarism) |
|
|
867 | (1) |
|
|
|
867 | (1) |
|
Syndrome of Inappropriate Antidiuretic Hormone (SIADH) |
|
|
868 | (1) |
|
|
|
868 | (1) |
|
Disorders of Thyroid Function |
|
|
869 | (3) |
|
|
|
869 | (1) |
|
|
|
870 | (2) |
|
Disorders of the Parathyroid |
|
|
872 | (1) |
|
|
|
872 | (1) |
|
|
|
872 | (1) |
|
Disorders of Adrenal Function |
|
|
872 | (4) |
|
Cushing Syndrome and Gushing Disease |
|
|
872 | (1) |
|
Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia |
|
|
873 | (2) |
|
Adrenal Insufficiency (Addison Disease) |
|
|
875 | (1) |
|
|
|
875 | (1) |
|
Disorders of Pancreatic Function |
|
|
876 | (15) |
|
|
|
876 | (1) |
|
|
|
876 | (10) |
|
|
|
886 | (2) |
|
Hypoglycemia in the Child With Diabetes |
|
|
888 | (1) |
|
|
|
889 | (2) |
|
Disorders of Gonadal Function |
|
|
891 | (1) |
|
|
|
891 | (1) |
|
|
|
891 | (1) |
|
|
|
892 | (1) |
|
Disorders Related to Sex Chromosome Abnormalities |
|
|
892 | (1) |
|
|
|
892 | (1) |
|
|
|
893 | (1) |
|
Inborn Errors of Metabolism |
|
|
893 | (7) |
|
|
|
893 | (1) |
|
|
|
894 | (1) |
|
|
|
894 | (1) |
|
Maple Syrup Urine Disease |
|
|
895 | (5) |
|
31 Alterations in Skin Integrity |
|
|
900 | (42) |
|
|
|
900 | (3) |
|
|
|
903 | (1) |
|
|
|
903 | (5) |
|
|
|
904 | (2) |
|
|
|
906 | (1) |
|
|
|
907 | (1) |
|
|
|
908 | (2) |
|
|
|
908 | (1) |
|
Community-Acquired Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus |
|
|
908 | (1) |
|
|
|
909 | (1) |
|
|
|
909 | (1) |
|
|
|
910 | (1) |
|
|
|
910 | (1) |
|
|
|
910 | (1) |
|
|
|
910 | (1) |
|
Oral Candidal Infection (Thrush) |
|
|
910 | (1) |
|
Dermatophytoses (Ringworm) |
|
|
911 | (1) |
|
|
|
911 | (2) |
|
|
|
913 | (8) |
|
|
|
913 | (3) |
|
|
|
916 | (4) |
|
|
|
920 | (1) |
|
|
|
920 | (1) |
|
|
|
921 | (2) |
|
Pediculosis Capitis (Lice) |
|
|
921 | (1) |
|
|
|
922 | (1) |
|
Vascular Tumors (Hemangiomas) |
|
|
923 | (1) |
|
|
|
924 | (18) |
|
|
|
924 | (1) |
|
|
|
925 | (8) |
|
|
|
933 | (1) |
|
|
|
934 | (1) |
|
|
|
935 | (1) |
|
|
|
936 | (1) |
|
|
|
937 | (1) |
|
|
|
937 | (2) |
|
|
|
939 | (3) |
| Appendix A Physical Growth Charts |
|
942 | (10) |
| Appendix B Blood Pressure Tables |
|
952 | (2) |
| Appendix C Dietary Reference Intakes |
|
954 | (2) |
| Appendix D Selected Pediatric Laboratory Values |
|
956 | (3) |
| Appendix E Diagnostic Tests and Procedures |
|
959 | (5) |
| Appendix F Body Surface Area Nomogram |
|
964 | (1) |
| Appendix G Conversions and Equivalents |
|
965 | (1) |
| Glossary |
|
966 | (13) |
| Index |
|
979 | |
