| Preface to the first edition |
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xiii | |
| Preface to the second edition |
|
xv | |
| Preface to the third edition |
|
xvii | |
| Authors |
|
xix | |
| Contributors |
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xxi | |
| 1 Physiology of excitable cells |
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1 | (38) |
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1 | (1) |
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1 | (1) |
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Resting membrane potential |
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2 | (5) |
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7 | (2) |
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Propagated action potential |
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9 | (2) |
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Ionic basis of the cardiac action potential |
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11 | (2) |
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Action potential in muscle |
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13 | (1) |
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Voltage-gated ion channels |
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13 | (1) |
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14 | (2) |
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16 | (1) |
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16 | (1) |
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Neurotransmitters and receptors: Ion channels, G proteins and second messengers |
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16 | (1) |
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17 | (1) |
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18 | (1) |
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18 | (1) |
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19 | (1) |
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20 | (1) |
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Neuropeptide transmitters |
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20 | (1) |
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20 | (1) |
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Neurotransmitter release in sympathetic ganglia |
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20 | (1) |
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Neuromuscular transmission |
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21 | (1) |
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Overview of neuromuscular transmission |
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21 | (3) |
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24 | (4) |
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28 | (1) |
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29 | (1) |
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Muscle spindles, golgi tendon organs and spinal reflexes |
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30 | (1) |
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30 | (2) |
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32 | (1) |
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32 | (1) |
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Initiation of skeletal muscle contraction |
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33 | (1) |
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Sensory receptors: Classification |
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33 | (1) |
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Mechanisms of receptor activation |
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33 | (1) |
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34 | (1) |
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34 | (1) |
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35 | (4) |
| 2 Physiology of the nervous system |
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39 | (36) |
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40 | (2) |
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42 | (3) |
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45 | (1) |
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Central and peripheral nervous systems |
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46 | (1) |
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47 | (3) |
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Cerebral blood flow and oxygenation |
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50 | (1) |
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50 | (2) |
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52 | (1) |
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Classification of sensorimotor neurons |
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52 | (1) |
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52 | (5) |
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Motor function and its control |
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57 | (6) |
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63 | (1) |
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63 | (1) |
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63 | (1) |
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64 | (1) |
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64 | (1) |
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65 | (1) |
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66 | (1) |
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66 | (1) |
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67 | (1) |
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68 | (1) |
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Sympathetic nervous system |
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68 | (1) |
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Parasympathetic nervous system |
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69 | (1) |
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70 | (1) |
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71 | (1) |
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71 | (4) |
| 3 Respiratory physiology |
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75 | (38) |
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Functions of the respiratory system |
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76 | (1) |
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Functional anatomy of airways, alveoli and pulmonary capillaries |
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76 | (1) |
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77 | (1) |
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Mechanics of lung ventilation |
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77 | (1) |
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Pressures and flow during the breathing cycle |
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78 | (1) |
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Elastic recoil and expansion of the lung |
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78 | (2) |
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Non-elastic forces and expansion of the lung |
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80 | (1) |
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Laminar, transitional and turbulent gas flows |
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80 | (1) |
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81 | (1) |
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Pressurevolume relationships of the respiratory system |
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82 | (2) |
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84 | (1) |
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85 | (1) |
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86 | (1) |
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Gas exchange in the lungs |
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87 | (1) |
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Rate of transfer of oxygen and carbon dioxide in arterial and venous blood |
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87 | (1) |
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Diffusion of oxygen and carbon dioxide across the alveoli and pulmonary capillaries |
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88 | (1) |
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Alveolar ventilation and dead space |
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88 | (1) |
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Anatomical, alveolar and physiological dead spaces |
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88 | (2) |
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Oxygen and carbon dioxide composition of alveolar gas |
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90 | (3) |
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93 | (1) |
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Ventilationperfusion ratio |
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94 | (1) |
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Carriage of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the blood |
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95 | (2) |
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Oxygen carriage in the blood |
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97 | (2) |
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Carbon dioxide carriage in the blood |
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99 | (2) |
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101 | (2) |
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103 | (1) |
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Respiratory centre in the medulla |
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103 | (1) |
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104 | (1) |
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Peripheral chemoreceptors |
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105 | (1) |
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Other factors involved in control of ventilation |
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106 | (1) |
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Reflex ventilatory responses |
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107 | (2) |
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Exercise and the control of ventilation |
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109 | (1) |
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Anaesthetic agents and the control of ventilation |
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109 | (1) |
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109 | (1) |
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110 | (3) |
| 4 Cardiovascular physiology |
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113 | (74) |
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Functions and layout of the cardiovascular system |
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114 | (1) |
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115 | (1) |
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Distribution of blood volume in the cardiovascular system |
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116 | (1) |
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117 | (2) |
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Cardiac action potentials |
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119 | (1) |
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Ionic basis of the cardiac action potential |
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120 | (3) |
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Conduction of the cardiac action potential |
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123 | (1) |
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Relationship between cardiac action potential, muscle contraction and refractory periods |
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124 | (1) |
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Excitationcontraction coupling in cardiac muscle cells |
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124 | (1) |
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125 | (2) |
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Mechanical events of the cardiac cycle |
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127 | (2) |
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Biophysical determinants of cardiac muscle contraction |
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129 | (1) |
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Studies of isolated cardiac muscle preparations |
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130 | (3) |
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Studies of mechanical performance of the whole heart |
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133 | (1) |
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Ventricular pressurevolume relationships |
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134 | (5) |
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Physical factors governing blood flow through vessels |
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139 | (2) |
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Observed physiological deviations from Poiseuille's equation |
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141 | (2) |
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143 | (1) |
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Vessels of the systemic circulation |
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144 | (2) |
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Arteries and arterial blood pressure |
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146 | (2) |
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148 | (3) |
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151 | (3) |
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154 | (1) |
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154 | (3) |
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Relationship between venous return and cardiac output |
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157 | (4) |
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Control of the cardiovascular system |
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161 | (1) |
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Functional organization of cardiovascular sympathetic and parasympathetic nerves in the medulla |
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161 | (2) |
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Central nervous system control and integration of the cardiovascular system |
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163 | (3) |
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Efferent pathways and effectors |
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166 | (1) |
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Sensors and measured variables |
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166 | (3) |
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Short-term and long-term regulation of arterial blood pressure |
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169 | (1) |
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Control of special circulations |
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169 | (6) |
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Integrated cardiovascular responses |
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175 | (3) |
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178 | (1) |
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179 | (3) |
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182 | (5) |
| 5 Gastrointestinal physiology |
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187 | (20) |
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187 | (1) |
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188 | (2) |
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190 | (7) |
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197 | (5) |
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202 | (1) |
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203 | (4) |
| 6 Liver physiology |
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207 | (12) |
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207 | (2) |
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209 | (1) |
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209 | (1) |
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210 | (1) |
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211 | (1) |
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211 | (1) |
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212 | (1) |
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213 | (1) |
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213 | (1) |
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213 | (1) |
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214 | (3) |
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217 | (2) |
| 7 Renal physiology |
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219 | (32) |
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220 | (1) |
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Fluid and electrolyte balance and dietary requirements |
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221 | (1) |
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Functional anatomy of the kidneys |
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222 | (2) |
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224 | (3) |
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Control of renal blood flow |
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227 | (2) |
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Tubular reabsorption and secretion |
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229 | (4) |
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233 | (1) |
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Loop of Henle and production of concentrated urine |
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234 | (3) |
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Summary of tubular handling of the glomerular filtrate |
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237 | (2) |
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Hormonal control of tubular function |
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239 | (2) |
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Control of renal sodium, water and potassium excretion |
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241 | (4) |
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Renal control of acidbase balance |
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245 | (3) |
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Mechanisms of action of diuretic drugs |
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248 | (1) |
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249 | (2) |
| 8 Acidbase physiology |
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251 | (18) |
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251 | (1) |
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252 | (1) |
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252 | (1) |
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252 | (1) |
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253 | (4) |
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Whole-body (in vivo) titration curves |
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257 | (1) |
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257 | (3) |
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Clinical effects of acidbase changes |
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260 | (1) |
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Temperature and acidbase control |
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261 | (2) |
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Clinical aspects of acidbase control |
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263 | (4) |
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267 | (2) |
| 9 Physiology of blood |
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269 | (30) |
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Haemopoiesis and its control |
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269 | (1) |
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270 | (8) |
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278 | (2) |
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280 | (4) |
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284 | (1) |
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Cell-based theory of coagulation |
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285 | (2) |
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287 | (7) |
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294 | (2) |
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296 | (3) |
| 10 Physiology of the immune system |
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299 | (26) |
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299 | (8) |
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307 | (10) |
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317 | (3) |
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320 | (1) |
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Assessment of immune function |
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320 | (3) |
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Effects of anaesthesia on immune function |
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323 | (1) |
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324 | (1) |
| 11 Endocrine physiology |
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325 | (32) |
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325 | (1) |
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Hormone production and secretion |
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326 | (1) |
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Regulation of hormone secretion |
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326 | (1) |
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327 | (1) |
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328 | (2) |
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330 | (3) |
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333 | (1) |
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334 | (6) |
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340 | (2) |
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342 | (3) |
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345 | (4) |
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349 | (3) |
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352 | (1) |
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Atrial natriuretic factor |
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353 | (1) |
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354 | (1) |
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354 | (3) |
| 12 Metabolism, nutrition, exercise and temperature regulation |
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357 | (34) |
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357 | (1) |
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358 | (1) |
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Adenosine triphosphate: The currency of cellular energy |
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359 | (1) |
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Anaerobic or aerobic metabolism |
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359 | (1) |
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360 | (3) |
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363 | (1) |
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363 | (6) |
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369 | (1) |
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Control of metabolic pathways |
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370 | (1) |
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370 | (2) |
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Interrelation between fat and carbohydrate metabolism |
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372 | (1) |
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372 | (1) |
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373 | (1) |
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374 | (1) |
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375 | (5) |
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Cardiovascular responses to exercise |
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380 | (1) |
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Respiratory responses to exercise |
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381 | (1) |
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Muscle and bone responses to exercise |
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381 | (1) |
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Gastrointestinal and endocrine effects |
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381 | (1) |
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382 | (1) |
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Afferent temperature sensors |
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382 | (1) |
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382 | (1) |
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383 | (1) |
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Cutaneous responses to heat |
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383 | (2) |
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Effects of anaesthesia on thermoregulation |
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385 | (1) |
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Physiology of altered temperature and the thermoneutral zone |
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385 | (1) |
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385 | (2) |
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Responses to high temperatures |
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387 | (1) |
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387 | (4) |
| 13 Physiology of pain |
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391 | (18) |
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391 | (1) |
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Peripheral mechanisms of pain |
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392 | (13) |
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405 | (4) |
| 14 Maternal and neonatal physiology |
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409 | (24) |
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409 | (1) |
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409 | (8) |
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Physiology of the placenta |
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417 | (4) |
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421 | (1) |
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421 | (3) |
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Foetal respiratory system |
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424 | (2) |
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426 | (1) |
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427 | (1) |
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427 | (1) |
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428 | (1) |
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428 | (1) |
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428 | (1) |
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428 | (2) |
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430 | (3) |
| 15 Physiology of ageing |
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433 | (6) |
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Functional decline with ageing |
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433 | (1) |
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Changes in the nervous system |
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434 | (1) |
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Changes in the cardiovascular system |
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434 | (1) |
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Changes in the respiratory system |
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435 | (1) |
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Changes in body compartments |
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436 | (1) |
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Changes in renal function |
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436 | (1) |
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Changes in liver function |
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437 | (1) |
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437 | (1) |
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437 | (1) |
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437 | (2) |
| 16 Special environments |
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439 | (10) |
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439 | (1) |
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439 | (1) |
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Direct effects of increased pressure |
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439 | (2) |
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Effects of breathing hyperbaric gases |
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441 | (1) |
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Physiological effects of altitude |
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442 | (1) |
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442 | (1) |
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Effects of rapid ascent to altitude |
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442 | (2) |
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444 | (1) |
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Physiology of space travel |
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445 | (1) |
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Physiological effects of weightlessness |
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446 | (1) |
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446 | (3) |
| Key equations and tables |
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449 | (10) |
| Further reading |
|
459 | (2) |
| Index |
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461 | |
