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Principles of Plant Genetics and Breeding 3rd edition [Mīkstie vāki]

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(Langston University)
  • Formāts: Paperback / softback, 848 pages, height x width x depth: 277x216x36 mm, weight: 2087 g
  • Izdošanas datums: 03-Dec-2020
  • Izdevniecība: Wiley-Blackwell
  • ISBN-10: 1119626323
  • ISBN-13: 9781119626329
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  • Formāts: Paperback / softback, 848 pages, height x width x depth: 277x216x36 mm, weight: 2087 g
  • Izdošanas datums: 03-Dec-2020
  • Izdevniecība: Wiley-Blackwell
  • ISBN-10: 1119626323
  • ISBN-13: 9781119626329
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"Principles of Plant Genetics and Breeding, 3rd Edition introduces both classical and molecular tools for plant breeding. Topics such as biotechnology in plant breeding, intellectual property, risks, emerging concepts (decentralized breeding, organic breeding), and more are addressed in the updated edition of this text. Industry highlight boxes are included throughout the text to contextualize the information given through the professional experiences of plant breeders. The final chapters provide a useful reference on breeding the largest and most common crops. New to this edition - A more comprehensive list of molecular markers: Allozyme, RFLPs, RAPD, SSR, ISSR, DAMD, SCoT, AFLP, SNPs, ESTs, SCAR, DArT, RAMP. A table of comparison of these markers will be included. New plant breeding techniques will be discussed, including - (NPBTs): Zinc finger nuclease, TALE nuclease (TALENs), Oligonucleotide directed mutagenesis (ODM), Cisgenesis and intragenesis, RNA-dependent DNA methylation (RdDM), Grafting on GM stock, Reverse breeding, Agro-infiltration, Genome editing (CRSPR-Cas system). Section on breeding selected crops will be removed (based on feedback from readers/reviewers). Industry highlights within the main text will highlight applications of some breeding methods in other chapters"--

The revised edition of the bestselling textbook, covering both classical and molecular plant breeding

Principles of Plant Genetics and Breeding integrates theory and practice to provide an insightful examination of the fundamental principles and advanced techniques of modern plant breeding. Combining both classical and molecular tools, this comprehensive textbook describes the multidisciplinary strategies used to produce new varieties of crops and plants, particularly in response to the increasing demands to of growing populations. Illustrated chapters cover a wide range of topics, including plant reproductive systems, germplasm for breeding, molecular breeding, the common objectives of plant breeders, marketing and societal issues, and more.

Now in its third edition, this essential textbook contains extensively revised content that reflects recent advances and current practices. Substantial updates have been made to its molecular genetics and breeding sections, including discussions of new breeding techniques such as zinc finger nuclease, oligonucleotide directed mutagenesis, RNA-dependent DNA methylation, reverse breeding, genome editing, and others. A new table enables efficient comparison of an expanded list of molecular markers, including Allozyme, RFLPs, RAPD, SSR, ISSR, DAMD, AFLP, SNPs and ESTs. Also, new and updated “Industry Highlights” sections provide examples of the practical application of plant breeding methods to real-world problems. This new edition:

  • Organizes topics to reflect the stages of an actual breeding project
  • Incorporates the most recent technologies in the field, such as CRSPR genome edition and grafting on GM stock
  • Includes numerous illustrations and end-of-chapter self-assessment questions, key references, suggested readings, and links to relevant websites
  • Features a companion website containing additional artwork and instructor resources 

Principles of Plant Genetics and Breeding offers researchers and professionals an invaluable resource and remains the ideal textbook for advanced undergraduates and graduates in plant science, particularly those studying plant breeding, biotechnology, and genetics.

Preface xxi
Acknowledgments xxiii
Industry highlights boxes xxv
Industry highlights boxes: Authors xxvii
Section 1 Overview and historical perspectives 1(34)
1 Introduction
3(20)
1.1 What is plant breeding?
3(1)
1.2 The goals of plant breeding
4(1)
1.3 The concept of genetic manipulation of plant attributes
4(1)
1.4 Why breed plants?
4(2)
1.5 Overview of the basic steps in plant breeding
6(1)
1.6 How have plant breeding objectives changed over the years?
7(1)
1.7 The art and science of plant breeding
8(2)
1.8 Training of plant breeders
10(1)
1.9 The plant breeding industry
11(8)
1.10 Duration and cost of plant breeding programs
19(1)
1.11 The future of plant breeding in society
20(1)
1.12 The organization of the book
21(2)
2 History of plant breeding
23(12)
2.1 Origins of agriculture and plant breeding
23(1)
2.2 The "unknown breeder"
24(1)
2.3 Plant manipulation efforts by the early civilizations
24(1)
2.4 Early pioneers of the theories and practices of modern plant breeding
24(2)
2.5 Later pioneers and trailblazers
26(2)
2.6 History of plant breeding technologies/techniques
28(2)
2.7 Genome-wide approaches to crop improvement
30(1)
2.8 Bioinformatics and OMICs technologies in crop improvement
30(1)
2.9 Summary of changes in plant breeding over the last half century
31(1)
2.10 Achievements of modern plant breeders
32(3)
Section 2 Population and quantitative genetic principles 35(38)
3 Introduction to concepts of population genetics
37(12)
3.1 Concepts of a population and gene pool
37(3)
3.2 Issues arising from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium
40(1)
3.3 Factors affecting changes in gene frequency
41(1)
3.4 Frequency dependent selection
41(1)
3.5 Summary of key plant breeding applications
42(1)
3.6 Modes of selection
42(1)
3.7 Effect of mating system on selection
43(1)
3.8 Concept of inbreeding
44(1)
3.9 Inbreeding and its implications in plant breeding
44(2)
3.10 Concept of population improvement
46(1)
3.11 Types
46(3)
4 Introduction to quantitative genetics
49(24)
4.1 What is quantitative genetics?
49(1)
4.2 Quantitative traits
50(18)
4.3 The genetic architecture of quantitative traits
68(1)
4.4 Systems genetics
69(1)
4.5 Predicting breeding value
70(1)
4.6 Genomic selection (genome-wide selection)
70(1)
4.7 Mapping quantitative traits
70(3)
Section 3 Reproductive systems 73(74)
5 Introduction to reproduction
75(24)
5.1 Importance of mode of reproduction to plant breeding
75(1)
5.2 Overview of reproductive options in plants
76(1)
5.3 Types of reproduction
76(1)
5.4 Sexual reproduction
76(4)
5.5 What is autogamy?
80(11)
5.6 Genotype conversion programs
91(1)
5.7 Artificial pollination control techniques
91(1)
5.8 What is allogamy?
91(2)
5.9 Mendelian concepts relating to the reproductive system
93(2)
5.10 Complex inheritance
95(4)
6 Hybridization
99(22)
6.1 Concept of gene transfer and hybridization
99(1)
6.2 Applications of crossing in plant breeding
100(1)
6.3 Artificial hybridization
100(1)
6.4 Artificial pollination control techniques
101(1)
6.5 Flower and flowering issues in hybridization
101(1)
6.6 Emasculation
102(1)
6.7 Pollination
103(1)
6.8 Number of F1 crosses to make
103(1)
6.9 Genetic issues in hybridization
104(1)
6.10 Types of populations generated through hybridization
105(2)
6.11 Wide crosses
107(9)
6.12 Issue of reproductive isolation barriers
116(1)
6.13 Overcoming challenges of reproductive barriers
116(2)
6.14 Bridge crosses
118(3)
7 Clonal propagation and in vitro culture
121(26)
7.1 What is a clone?
121(1)
7.2 Clones, inbred lines, and pure lines
121(1)
7.3 Categories of clonally propagated species based on economic use
122(1)
7.4 Categories of clonally propagated species for breeding purposes
122(1)
7.5 Types of clonal propagation
122(1)
7.6 Importance of clonal propagation in plant breeding
123(1)
7.7 Breeding implications of clonal propagation
123(1)
7.8 Genetic Issues in Clonal Breeding
124(1)
7.9 Breeding approaches used in clonal species
124(2)
7.10 Natural propagation
126(1)
7.11 In vitro culture
126(1)
7.12 Micropropagation
126(12)
7.13 Concept of totipotency
138(1)
7.14 Somaclonal variation
138(1)
7.15 Apomixis
139(2)
7.16 Other tissue culture applications
141(1)
7.17 Production of haploids
142(2)
7.18 Germplasm preservation
144(3)
Section 4 Germplasm for breeding 147(62)
8 Variation: types, origin, and scale
149(12)
8.1 Classifying plants
149(1)
8.2 Rules of classification of plants
150(1)
8.3 Operational classification systems
151(3)
8.4 Types of variation among plants
154(1)
8.5 Origins of genetic variability
155(2)
8.6 Biotechnology for creating genetic variability
157(1)
8.7 Scale of variability
158(3)
9 Plant domestication
161(14)
9.1 The concept of evolution
161(1)
9.2 What is domestication?
162(1)
9.3 Evolution versus domestication
162(1)
9.4 Conscious selection versus unconscious selection
163(1)
9.5 Patterns of plant domestication
163(1)
9.6 Centers of plant domestication
163(2)
9.7 Roll call of domesticated plants
165(1)
9.8 Changes accompanying domestication
165(1)
9.9 Genetic bottleneck
166(4)
9.10 Tempo of domestication
170(1)
9.11 Genetic architecture and domestication
171(1)
9.12 Models of domestication
171(1)
9.13 Modern breeding is a continuation of the domestication process
171(4)
10 Plant genetic resources
175(34)
10.1 Importance of germplasm to plant breeding
175(1)
10.2 Centers of diversity in plant breeding
176(1)
10.3 Sources of germplasm for plant breeding
176(2)
10.4 Concept of genetic vulnerability
178(1)
10.5 What plant breeders can do to address crop vulnerability
179(1)
10.6 Wild (exotic) germplasm in plant breeding
179(1)
10.7 Plant genetic resources conservation
180(2)
10.8 Nature of cultivated plant genetic resources
182(1)
10.9 Approaches to germplasm conservation
182(14)
10.10 Germplasm collection
196(1)
10.11 Types of plant germplasm collections
196(1)
10.12 Managing plant genetic resources
197(1)
10.13 Issue of redundancy and the concept of core subsets
198(1)
10.14 Germplasm storage technologies
198(1)
10.15 Using genetic resources
199(1)
10.16 Plant explorations and introductions and their impact on agriculture
200(1)
10.17 International conservation efforts
201(1)
10.18 An example of a national germplasm conservation system
201(1)
10.19 Who owns biodiversity?
202(3)
10.20 Understanding the genetic architecture of germplasm for crop improvement
205(4)
Section 5 Breeding objectives 209(86)
11 Yield and morphological traits
211(20)
11.1 Physiological traits
211(1)
11.2 What is yield?
212(1)
11.3 Biological versus economic yield
212(1)
11.4 The ideotype concept
213(9)
11.5 Improving the efficiency of dry matter partitioning
222(1)
11.6 Harvest index as a selection criterion for yield
223(1)
11.7 Selecting for yield per se
223(1)
11.8 Biological pathway to economic yield
223(1)
11.9 The concept of yield potential
224(1)
11.10 The concept of yield plateau
224(1)
11.11 Yield stability
224(1)
11.12 Lodging resistance
225(1)
11.13 Shattering resistance
225(1)
11.14 Reduced plant height
226(1)
11.15 Breeding determinacy
227(1)
11.16 Photoperiod response
227(1)
11.17 Early maturity
228(3)
12 Quality traits
231(14)
12.1 Concept of quality
231(1)
12.2 Nutritional quality of food crops
231(1)
12.3 Brief history of breeding for improved nutritional quality of crops
232(4)
12.4 Breeding for improved protein content
236(1)
12.5 Improving protein content by genetic engineering
236(2)
12.6 Breeding improved oil quality
238(1)
12.7 Breeding low phytate cultivar
239(1)
12.8 Breeding end-use quality
239(1)
12.9 Breeding seedlessness
240(1)
12.10 Breeding for industrial uses
241(1)
12.11 Breeding plants for novel traits
242(1)
12.12 Breeding for enhanced bioavailable micronutrients
242(3)
13 Environmental stress factors and plant breeding
245(8)
13.1 Environmental stress factors in crop production
245(1)
13.2 Climate change and plant breeding
246(1)
13.3 Crop production environment and stress
247(1)
13.4 Abiotic environmental stress factors
248(1)
13.5 Biotic environmental stress factors
248(1)
13.6 Effects of combined stresses
249(1)
13.7 Impact of environmental stress factors in crop production
250(3)
14 Breeding for resistance to diseases and insect pests
253(20)
14.1 Selected definitions
253(1)
14.2 Groups of pathogens and pests targeted by plant breeders
254(1)
14.3 Biological and economic effects of plant pathogens and pests
254(1)
14.4 Overview of the methods of control of plant pathogens and pests
255(1)
14.5 Concepts of resistance in breeding
255(1)
14.6 Concepts of pathogen and host
255(2)
14.7 Mechanisms of defense in plants against pathogens and pests
257(2)
14.8 Types of genetic host resistance and their breeding approaches
259(7)
14.9 Resistance breeding strategies
266(1)
14.10 Challenges of breeding for pest resistance
267(1)
14.11 Role of wild germplasm in disease and pest resistance breeding
268(1)
14.12 Screening techniques in disease and pest resistance breeding
268(1)
14.13 Applications of biotechnology in pest resistance breeding
268(2)
14.14 Epidemics and plant breeding
270(3)
15 Breeding for resistance to abiotic stresses
273(22)
15.1 Importance of breeding for resistance to abiotic stresses
273(1)
15.2 Resistance to abiotic stress and yield potential
274(1)
15.3 Types of abiotic environmental stresses
274(6)
15.4 Tolerance to stress or resistance to stress?
280(1)
15.5 Screening for stress resistance
281(1)
15.6 Drought stress
281(1)
15.7 Breeding drought resistance
282(3)
15.8 Approaches for breeding drought resistance
285(1)
15.9 Cold stress
285(1)
15.10 Mechanisms of resistance to low temperature
286(1)
15.11 Selection for low-temperature tolerance
287(1)
15.12 Breeding for tolerance to low-temperature stress
287(1)
15.13 Salinity stress
287(1)
15.14 Heat stress
288(1)
15.15 Mineral toxicity stress
289(1)
15.16 Mineral deficiency stress
290(1)
15.17 Oxidative stress
290(1)
15.18 Flood stress (waterlogging)
291(4)
Section 6 Selection methods 295(80)
16 Breeding self-pollinated species
297(32)
16.1 Types of cultivars
297(1)
16.2 Genetic structure of cultivars and its implications
298(1)
16.3 Types of self-pollinated cultivars
299(1)
16.4 Common plant breeding notations
299(1)
16.5 Mass selection
300(8)
16.6 Pure-line selection
308(2)
16.7 Pedigree selection
310(4)
16.8 Bulk population breeding
314(3)
16.9 Single-seed descent
317(1)
16.10 Backcross breeding
318(4)
16.11 Special backcross procedures
322(1)
16.12 Multiline breeding and cultivar blends
323(1)
16.13 Composites
324(1)
16.14 Recurrent selection
325(4)
17 Breeding cross-pollinated species
329(16)
17.1 The concept of population improvement
329(1)
17.2 Concept of recurrent selection
330(1)
17.3 Genetic basis of recurrent selection
331(1)
17.4 Types of recurrent selection
331(1)
17.5 Intrapopulation improvement methods
331(8)
17.6 Optimizing gain from selection in population improvement
339(1)
17.7 Development of synthetic cultivars
339(4)
17.8 Backcross breeding
343(2)
18 Breeding hybrid cultivars
345(14)
18.1 What is a hybrid cultivar?
345(1)
18.2 Brief historical perspective
345(1)
18.3 The concepts of hybrid vigor and inbreeding depression
346(1)
18.4 Genetic basis of heterosis
347(1)
18.5 Biometrics of heterosis
348(1)
18.6 Concept of heterotic relationship
349(2)
18.7 Types of hybrids
351(1)
18.8 Germplasm procurement and development for hybrid production
351(2)
18.9 Selection of parents (inbred lines)
353(1)
18.10 Field establishment
354(1)
18.11 Maintenance
354(1)
18.12 Harvesting and processing
355(1)
18.13 Hybrid seed production of maize
355(1)
18.14 Hybrids in horticulture
356(1)
18.15 Exploiting hybrid vigor in asexually reproducing species
356(1)
18.16 Prerequisites for successful commercial hybrid seed production
356(3)
19 Breeding clonally propagated species
359(16)
19.1 Clones, inbred lines, and pure lines
359(1)
19.2 Categories of clonally propagated species for breeding purposes
360(1)
19.3 Breeding implications of clonal propagation
360(1)
19.4 Genetic issues in clonal breeding
360(1)
19.5 Breeding approaches used in clonal crops
361(10)
19.6 Advantages and limitations of clonal propagation
371(1)
19.7 Breeding apomictic cultivars
372(1)
19.8 In vitro selection
372(3)
Section 7 Technologies for linking genes to traits 375(62)
20 Molecular markers
377(18)
20.1 The concept of genetic markers
377(1)
20.2 Use of genetic markers in plant breeding
378(1)
20.3 Concept of polymorphism and the origin of molecular markers
378(1)
20.4 Brief history of molecular markers
379(1)
20.5 Classification of molecular markers
380(1)
20.6 Enzyme-based markers
380(1)
20.7 Hybridization-based markers
381(1)
20.8 PCR-based markers
382(8)
20.9 PCR-based markers from RFLPs
390(1)
20.10 DNA sequence-based markers
390(1)
20.11 Comparison of selected molecular markers
391(1)
20.12 Desirable properties of a molecular marker system
391(1)
20.13 Readying markers for marker assisted selection
391(4)
21 Mapping of genes
395(14)
21.1 Why map genes?
395(1)
21.2 Types of gene maps
395(1)
21.3 Principles of linkage mapping
396(1)
21.4 Mapping populations
396(2)
21.5 Identification of polymorphic markers
398(1)
21.6 Linkage analysis of markers
398(1)
21.7 Rendering linkage maps
398(1)
21.8 Mapping quantitative trait loci (QTL)
399(4)
21.9 High-resolution QTL mapping
403(1)
21.10 Bulk segregant analysis (BSA)
404(1)
21.11 The value of multiple parent populations in mapping
404(1)
21.12 Creating MAGIC and NAM populations for QTL mapping
405(1)
21.13 Comparative genome mapping
406(1)
21.14 Synteny
406(3)
22 DNA sequencing and OMICs technologies
409(28)
22.1 What is DNA sequencing?
409(1)
22.2 Types of sequencing technologies
410(1)
22.3 Next-generation sequencing (NGS) workflow
410(2)
22.4 Genotyping by sequencing
412(2)
22.5 What are the "OMICs" technologies in plant breeding?
414(1)
22.6 Genomics
415(1)
22.7 Transcriptomics
416(1)
22.8 Proteomics
417(1)
22.9 Metabolomics
418(15)
22.10 Phenomics
433(4)
Section 8 Applications of genetic markers in breeding 437(28)
23 Marker-assisted selection
439(12)
23.1 The concept of molecular breeding
439(1)
23.2 Choosing molecular markers for MAS
440(1)
23.3 Advantages of MAS over conventional breeding protocols
440(1)
23.4 The MAS schemes
440(6)
23.5 Limitations of MAS
446(1)
23.6 Enhancing the potential of MAS in breeding
447(4)
24 Genomic selection and genome-wide association studies
451(14)
24.1 Making the case for genomic selection
451(1)
24.2 What is genomic selection?
452(1)
24.3 Genome-wide association studies
453(1)
24.4 MAS, MABC, and GS compared
454(1)
24.5 Haplotypes
454(6)
24.6 Linkage disequilibrium mapping (association mapping)
460(5)
Section 9 Mutations and ploidy in plant breeding 465(44)
25 Mutagenesis in plant breeding
467(14)
25.1 Brief historical perspectives
467(1)
25.2 Types of mutations
468(3)
25.3 Mutagenic agents
471(1)
25.4 Types of tissues used for mutagenesis
472(1)
25.5 Factors affecting the success of mutagenesis
472(1)
25.6 Mutation breeding of seed-bearing plants
472(2)
25.7 Mutation breeding of clonally propagated species
474(1)
25.8 Mutations from tissue culture systems
475(1)
25.9 Using induced mutants
475(1)
25.10 Limitations of mutagenesis as a plant breeding technique
475(1)
25.11 Selected significant successes of mutation breeding
475(1)
25.12 Molecular techniques for enhancing efficiency of induced mutagenesis
476(2)
25.13 Horticultural applications of mutagenesis
478(1)
25.14 General effects of mutagenesis
478(1)
25.15 Key successes of induced mutagenesis
479(2)
26 Ploidy in plant breeding
481(28)
26.1 Terminology
481(1)
26.2 Variations in chromosome number
482(1)
26.3 General effects of polyploidy of plants
482(1)
26.4 Origin of polyploids
483(1)
26.5 Autoploidy
484(3)
26.6 Breeding autoploids
487(1)
26.7 Natural alloploids
487(2)
26.8 Aneuploidy
489(2)
26.9 General importance of polyploidy in plant improvement
491(1)
26.10 Inducing polyploids
492(1)
26.11 Use of 2n gametes for introgression breeding
492(1)
26.12 Haploidy
492(8)
26.13 Anther culture
500(1)
26.14 Doubled haploids
501(8)
Section 10 Genetic molecular modifications in plant breeding 509(34)
27 Breeding genetically modified crops
511(10)
27.1 What is biotechnology?
511(1)
27.2 Antisense technology
512(1)
27.3 Restriction enzymes
513(1)
27.4 Vectors
513(1)
27.5 Categories of vectors by functions
514(1)
27.6 Cloning
515(1)
27.7 Breeding genetically modified (GM) cultivars
515(2)
27.8 Engineering pest resistance
517(2)
27.9 Trends in adoption of GM cultivars
519(2)
28 Genome editing and other modification technologies
521(10)
28.1 General steps in genome editing
521(1)
28.2 Types of editing systems
522(1)
28.3 Zinc finger nucleases (ZFNs)
523(1)
28.4 Transcription activator-like effector nucleases (TALENs)
524(1)
28.5 Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR-Cas9)
524(1)
28.6 Comparison of gene editing systems
525(1)
28.7 RNA interference (RNAi)
526(1)
28.8 Oligonucleotide-directed mutagenesis
527(4)
29 Paradigm shifts in plant breeding and other non-GM technologies
531(12)
29.1 The way breeders manipulate the plant genome
531(1)
29.2 Paradigm shifts in plant breeding
532(1)
29.3 Cisgenesis
533(1)
29.4 Intragenesis
534(1)
29.5 Reverse breeding
534(1)
29.6 Grafting non-GM scion on GM rootstock
535(1)
29.7 Agroinfiltration
535(1)
29.8 Epigenetics
536(1)
29.9 RNA-directed DNA methylation
537(1)
29.10 DNA barcoding
538(1)
29.11 Techniques for shortening the plant generation cycle for faster breeding
539(4)
Section 11 Computer-aided applications in plant breeding 543(34)
30 Bioinformatics, big data analytics, and computer simulations in plant breeding
545(32)
30.1 What is bioinformatics?
545(1)
30.2 Subdivisions of bioinformatics
546(1)
30.3 Workflow for bioinformatics projects
546(1)
30.4 General goals of bioinformatics
546(1)
30.5 Data for bioinformatics
547(1)
30.6 Data sources and how they are utilized in bioinformatics
547(1)
30.7 Types of bioinformatics databases
547(1)
30.8 Data management and integration
548(1)
30.9 Data mining
549(1)
30.10 Applications of bioinformatics in plant breeding
549(21)
30.11 What is big data?
570(1)
30.12 Big data workflow in plant breeding
570(1)
30.13 Plant breeding applications
570(2)
30.14 What is a computer simulation or model?
572(1)
30.15 Applications of computer simulation in plant breeding
573(1)
30.16 Ideotype breeding
573(1)
30.17 Simulation models in plant breeding
574(3)
Section 12 Variety release process in plant breeding 577(56)
31 Performance evaluation for crop cultivar release
579(18)
31.1 Purpose of performance trials
579(1)
31.2 Kinds of field trials
579(2)
31.3 Designing field trials
581(1)
31.4 The role of the environment in field trials
581(1)
31.5 Genotype x environment interaction (GEI)
582(2)
31.6 Models of G x E interaction
584(1)
31.7 Measurement of GEI using ANOVA
585(1)
31.8 Importance and Applications of GEI in Plant Breeding
586(1)
31.9 Stability analysis models
587(3)
31.10 Adaptation
590(1)
31.11 Field plot technique in plant breeding
591(1)
31.12 Field plot designs
592(2)
31.13 Materials, equipment, and machinery for field evaluation of genotypes
594(3)
32 Seed certification and commercial seed release
597(18)
32.1 The role of improved seed in agriculture
597(1)
32.2 Role of the private sector in the seed industry
598(1)
32.3 General steps of operation of the seed industry
599(1)
32.4 The cultivar release process
600(1)
32.5 Multiplication of pedigree seed
600(1)
32.6 Concept of seed certification
601(1)
32.7 The seed certification process
602(1)
32.8 Seed testing
602(1)
32.9 Tagging commercial seed
603(1)
32.10 International role in seed certification
604(6)
32.11 Production of conventional seed
610(1)
32.12 Production of hybrid seed
611(1)
32.13 Crop registration
611(1)
32.14 Variety protection
612(3)
33 Regulatory and Legal Issues
615(18)
33.1 The concept of intellectual property
615(1)
33.2 Patents
616(2)
33.3 Patents in plant breeding and biotechnology: unique issues and challenges
618(2)
33.4 Protecting plant varieties
620(2)
33.5 The concept of substantial equivalence in regulation of biotechnology
622(1)
33.6 The issue of "novel traits"
623(1)
33.7 The concept of the precautionary principle
623(1)
33.8 Regulation and the issue of public trust
624(1)
33.9 Biosafety regulation at the international level
624(1)
33.10 Labeling of biotechnology products
625(1)
33.11 Economic impact of labeling and regulations
626(1)
33.12 Legal risks that accompany adoption of GM crops
626(1)
33.13 Overview of the regulation of the biotechnology industry in the US
627(1)
33.14 The concept of biopiracy
628(1)
33.15 The impact of IPRs on plant breeding
629(4)
Section 13 Societal issues in plant breeding 633(34)
34 Value-driven concepts and social concerns
635(12)
34.1 Concepts of ethics, morals, and values
635(1)
34.2 Evolution of social debates on science-based issues
636(1)
34.3 Ethics in plant breeding
636(1)
34.4 Risk analysis of biotechnology
637(1)
34.5 Genetic use restriction technologies
637(2)
34.6 Public perceptions and fears about biotechnology
639(2)
34.7 Some concerns of plant breeders
641(1)
34.8 GM foods and the issue of food allergy
641(1)
34.9 The concept of organic plant breeding
642(1)
34.10 Principles of organic plant breeding
642(1)
34.11 Acceptable organic plant breeding techniques
643(1)
34.12 Making agricultural biotechnology more acceptable to society
643(1)
34.13 The "halo effect" of GM crops in the field
643(1)
34.14 The rise of minor pests in GM fields
643(1)
34.15 Who owns biodiversity?
644(3)
35 International plant breeding efforts
647(20)
35.1 International crop research centers
647(2)
35.2 The CGIAR centers and their mission
649(2)
35.3 Brief overview of plant breeding in developed countries
651(1)
35.4 Plant breeding efforts in Sub-Saharan Africa
651(1)
35.5 Biotechnology efforts in developing countries
652(2)
35.6 Participatory plant breeding (PPB)
654(5)
35.7 Conventional plant breeding versus decentralized-participatory plant breeding
659(1)
35.8 The Green Revolution
660(4)
35.9 The Green Revolution and the impact of international breeding efforts
664(3)
Section 14 Breeding selected crops 667(100)
36 Breeding wheat
669(10)
36.1 Economic importance
669(1)
36.2 Origin and history
669(1)
36.3 Adaptation
670(1)
36.4 History of breeding in the US
670(1)
36.5 Commercial wheat classes
670(1)
36.6 Germplasm resources
671(1)
36.7 Cytogenetics
671(1)
36.8 Genetics
671(1)
36.9 General botany
672(1)
36.10 Reproductive biology
672(1)
36.11 Common breeding methods
673(1)
36.12 Establishing a breeding nursery
673(1)
36.13 Artificial pollination for hybridization
674(1)
36.14 Natural pollination
674(1)
36.15 Seed development
674(1)
36.16 Breeding objectives
674(5)
37 Breeding corn
679(16)
37.1 Economic importance
679(1)
37.2 Origin and general history
679(1)
37.3 Adaptation
679(1)
37.4 History of corn breeding in the United States
680(5)
37.5 Types of corn
685(1)
37.6 Germplasm resources
686(1)
37.7 Cytogenetics
686(1)
37.8 Genetics
686(1)
37.9 General botany
687(1)
37.10 Reproductive biology
688(1)
37.11 Genetic consequences of reproductive biology
688(1)
37.12 Common breeding approaches
688(1)
37.13 Establishing a breeding nursery
689(1)
37.14 Other nurseries
689(1)
37.15 Special environment
689(1)
37.16 Artificial pollination for hybridization
689(1)
37.17 Natural pollination for hybridization
690(1)
37.18 Common breeding objectives
690(5)
38 Breeding rice
695(12)
38.1 Economic importance
695(1)
38.2 Origin and history
695(1)
38.3 Adaptation
696(1)
38.4 Commercial classes
696(1)
38.5 Germplasm resources
697(5)
38.6 Cytogenetics
702(1)
38.7 Genetics
702(1)
38.8 General botany
703(1)
38.9 Reproductive biology
703(1)
38.10 Common breeding methods
703(1)
38.11 Establishing a breeding nursery
703(1)
38.12 Common breeding objectives
704(3)
39 Breeding sorghum
707(12)
39.1 Economic importance
707(1)
39.2 Origin
707(1)
39.3 History of breeding in the US
707(1)
39.4 Genetic resources
708(1)
39.5 Cytogenetics
708(1)
39.6 Genetics
708(1)
39.7 General botany
708(1)
39.8 Sorghum races
709(1)
39.9 Grain sorghum groups
709(1)
39.10 Reproductive biology
709(1)
39.11 Pollination
709(1)
39.12 Common breeding methods
709(5)
39.13 Establishing a breeding nursery
714(1)
39.14 Artificial pollination
714(1)
39.15 Natural pollination
715(1)
39.16 Seed development
715(1)
39.17 Harvesting
715(1)
39.18 Common breeding objectives
715(4)
40 Breeding soybean
719(10)
40.1 Economic importance
719(1)
40.2 History and origin
719(1)
40.3 History of breeding
720(1)
40.4 Genetic resources
720(1)
40.5 Cytogenetics
720(1)
40.6 Genetics
720(1)
40.7 General botany
720(1)
40.8 Cultivars
720(1)
40.9 Reproductive biology
721(1)
40.10 Common breeding methods
721(1)
40.11 Establishing a field nursery
721(1)
40.12 Artificial hybridization
721(1)
40.13 Natural hybridization
722(1)
40.14 Seed development
722(1)
40.15 Harvesting
722(1)
40.16 Breeding objectives
722(7)
41 Breeding peanut
729(8)
41.1 Economic importance
729(1)
41.2 Origin and history
729(1)
41.3 Market types
729(1)
41.4 Genetic resources
730(1)
41.5 Cytogenetics
730(1)
41.6 General botany
730(1)
41.7 Reproductive biology
730(1)
41.8 Common breeding methods
731(1)
41.9 Establishing a breeding nursery
731(1)
41.10 Artificial pollination
731(1)
41.11 Common breeding objectives
731(6)
42 Breeding potato
737(10)
42.1 Economic importance
737(1)
42.2 Origin and history
737(1)
42.3 Adaptation
738(1)
42.4 Genetic resources
738(1)
42.5 Cytogenetics
738(1)
42.6 Genetics
738(1)
42.7 General botany
738(1)
42.8 Cultivars
738(1)
42.9 Reproductive biology
739(1)
42.10 Common breeding methods
739(4)
42.11 Establishing a breeding nursery
743(1)
42.12 Artificial pollination for hybridization
744(1)
42.13 Natural pollination
744(1)
42.14 Seed development
744(1)
42.15 Breeding objectives
744(3)
43 Breeding cotton
747(10)
43.1 Economic importance
747(1)
43.2 Origin and history
747(1)
43.3 Germplasm resources
748(1)
43.4 Cytogenetics
748(1)
43.5 Genetics
748(1)
43.6 Cultivars
748(1)
43.7 American upland cotton
749(1)
43.8 General botany
749(4)
43.9 Reproductive biology
753(1)
43.10 Common breeding methods
753(1)
43.11 Establishing a breeding nursery
753(1)
43.12 Artificial crossing
753(1)
43.13 Natural pollination
754(1)
43.14 Seed development
754(1)
43.15 Breeding objectives
754(3)
44 Breeding tomato
757(10)
44.1 Economic importance
757(1)
44.2 Origin and history
757(1)
44.3 Commercial market classes
757(1)
44.4 Tomato types
758(1)
44.5 Germplasm
758(1)
44.6 Cytogenetics
758(1)
44.7 Genetics
758(1)
44.8 General botany
759(1)
44.9 Brief history of tomato breeding
759(1)
44.10 Breeding objectives
759(5)
44.11 Common breeding methods
764(3)
Supplementary 1: Plant cellular organization and genetic structure: an overview 767 (14)
Supplementary 2: Common statistical methods in plant breeding 781(22)
Glossary of terms 803(4)
Index 807
GEORGE ACQUAAH is the Dean of the College of Arts and Sciences at Bowie State University, Bowie, MD, USA. He is the author of four critically acclaimed textbooks on horticulture, crop production, biotechnology, and plant breeding. He is recipient of the prestigious USDA Award for Excellence in College and University Teaching in Food and Agricultural Sciences, and the Millennium Award for Excellence in Teaching, presented by the White House Initiative on Historically Black Colleges and Universities in the US.