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Process Capability Analysis: Estimating Quality [Hardback]

  • Formāts: Hardback, 284 pages, height x width: 234x156 mm, weight: 540 g, 48 Tables, black and white; 60 Illustrations, black and white
  • Izdošanas datums: 07-Dec-2017
  • Izdevniecība: CRC Press
  • ISBN-10: 1138030155
  • ISBN-13: 9781138030152
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Process Capability Analysis: Estimating QualityPalielināt
  • Formāts: Hardback, 284 pages, height x width: 234x156 mm, weight: 540 g, 48 Tables, black and white; 60 Illustrations, black and white
  • Izdošanas datums: 07-Dec-2017
  • Izdevniecība: CRC Press
  • ISBN-10: 1138030155
  • ISBN-13: 9781138030152
Citas grāmatas par šo tēmu:
Permanent link: https://www.kriso.lv/db/9781138030152.html
Keywords:
Process Capability Analysis: Estimating Quality presents a systematic exploration of process capability analysis and how it may be used to estimate quality. The book is designed for practitioners who are tasked with insuring a high level of quality for the products and services offered by their organizations. Along with describing the necessary statistical theory, the book illustrates the practical application of the techniques to data that do not always satisfy the standard assumptions.The first two chapters deal with attribute data, where the estimation of quality is restricted to counts of nonconformities. Both classical and Bayesian methods are discussed. The rest of the book deals with variable data, including extensive discussions of both capability indices and statistical tolerance limits. Considerable emphasis is placed on methods for handling non-normal data. Also included are discussions of topics often omitted in discussions of process capability, including multivariate capability indices, multivariate tolerance limits, and capability control charts. A separate chapter deals with the problem of determining adequate sample sizes for estimating process capability.Features:? Comprehensive treatment of the subject with consistent theme of estimating percent of nonconforming product or service.? Includes Bayesian methods.? Extension of univariate techniques to multivariate data.? Demonstration of all techniques using Statgraphics data analysis software.Neil Polhemus is Chief Technology Officer at Statgraphics Technology and the original developer of the Statgraphics program for statistical analysis and data visualization. Dr. Polhemus spent 6 years on the faculty of the School of Engineering and Applied Science at Princeton University before moving full-time to software development and consulting. He has taught courses dealing with statistical process control, design of experiments and data analysis for more than 100 companies and government agencies.
Preface xi
Acknowledgments xiii
Author xv
1 Introduction
1(24)
1.1 Relative Frequency Histogram
2(4)
1.2 Summary Statistics
6(7)
1.2.1 Measures of Central Tendency
7(2)
1.2.2 Measures of Variability
9(1)
1.2.3 Measures of Shape
10(3)
1.3 Box-and-Whisker Plot
13(3)
1.4 Plotting Attribute Data
16(1)
1.5 Estimating the Percentage of Nonconformities
17(8)
1.5.1 Proportion Nonconforming
18(1)
1.5.2 Defects per Million
18(1)
1.5.3 Six Sigma and World Class Quality
19(1)
1.5.4 What's Ahead
20(2)
References
22(1)
Bibliography
22(3)
2 Capability Analysis Based on Proportion of Nonconforming Items
25(18)
2.1 Estimating the Proportion of Nonconforming Items
26(4)
2.1.1 Confidence Intervals and Bounds
27(2)
2.1.2 Plotting the Likelihood Function
29(1)
2.2 Determining Quality Levels
30(3)
2.3 Information in Zero Defects
33(2)
2.4 Incorporating Prior Information
35(8)
2.4.1 Uniform Prior
37(1)
2.4.2 Nonuniform Prior
38(3)
Bibliography
41(2)
3 Capability Analysis Based on Rate of Nonconformities
43(12)
3.1 Estimating the Mean Nonconformities per Unit
44(2)
3.2 Determining Quality Levels
46(3)
3.3 Sample Size Determination
49(1)
3.4 Incorporating Prior Information
50(5)
Bibliography
53(2)
4 Capability Analysis of Normally Distributed Data
55(40)
4.1 Normal Distribution
56(1)
4.2 Parameter Estimation
57(2)
4.3 Individuals versus Subgroup Data
59(11)
4.3.1 Levels of Variability
62(1)
4.3.2 Capability versus Performance
63(1)
4.3.3 Estimating Long-Term Variability
63(1)
4.3.4 Estimating Short-Term Variability from Subgroup Data
64(4)
4.3.5 Estimating Short-Term Variability from Individuals Data
68(2)
4.4 Estimating the Percentage of Nonconforming Items
70(2)
4.5 Estimating Quality Indices
72(16)
4.5.1 Z Indices
73(2)
4.5.2 Cp and Pp
75(4)
4.5.3 Cr and P
79(1)
4.5.4 Cpk and Ppk
80(3)
4.5.5 Cm and Pm
83(1)
4.5.6 Cpm
84(1)
4.5.7 CCpk
85(1)
4.5.8 K
85(1)
4.5.9 SQL: The Sigma Quality Level
86(2)
4.6 Confidence Bounds for Proportion of Nonconforming Items
88(5)
4.6.1 Confidence Limits for One-Sided Specifications
89(1)
4.6.2 Confidence Limits for Two-Sided Specifications
89(2)
4.6.2.1 Bootstrap Confidence Limits for Individuals Data
91(2)
4.6.2.2 Bootstrap Confidence Limits for Subgroup Data
93(1)
4.7 Summary
93(2)
Reference
93(1)
Bibliography
94(1)
5 Capability Analysis of Nonnormal Data
95(36)
5.1 Tests for Normality
96(3)
5.2 Power Transformations
99(8)
5.2.1 Box-Cox Transformations
100(3)
5.2.2 Calculating Process Capability
103(3)
5.2.3 Confidence Limits for Capability Indices
106(1)
5.3 Fitting Alternative Distributions
107(17)
5.3.1 Selecting a Distribution
110(6)
5.3.2 Testing Goodness-of-Fit
116(2)
5.3.3 Calculating Capability Indices
118(4)
5.3.4 Confidence Limits for Capability Indices
122(2)
5.4 Nonnormal Capability Indices and Johnson Curves
124(4)
5.5 Comparison of Methods
128(3)
References
129(1)
Bibliography
129(2)
6 Statistical Tolerance Limits
131(14)
6.1 Tolerance Limits for Normal Distributions
133(3)
6.2 Tolerance Limits for Nonnormal Distributions
136(5)
6.2.1 Tolerance Limits Based on Power Transformations
136(3)
6.2.2 Tolerance Limits Based on Alternative Distributions
139(2)
6.3 Nonparametric Statistical Tolerance Limits
141(4)
References
143(1)
Bibliography
143(2)
7 Multivariate Capability Analysis
145(28)
7.1 Visualizing Bivariate Data
147(2)
7.2 Multivariate Normal Distribution
149(3)
7.3 Multivariate Tests for Normality
152(3)
7.4 Multivariate Capability Indices
155(4)
7.5 Confidence Intervals
159(1)
7.6 Multivariate Normal Statistical Tolerance Limits
161(1)
7.6.1 Multivariate Tolerance Regions
161(2)
7.6.2 Simultaneous Tolerance Limits
163(2)
7.7 Analysis of Nonnormal Multivariate Data
165(8)
References
170(1)
Bibliography
170(3)
8 Sample Size Determination
173(18)
8.1 Sample Size Determination for Attribute Data
174(6)
8.1.1 Sample Size Determination for Proportion of Nonconforming Items
174(1)
8.1.1.1 Specification of Error Bounds
175(1)
8.1.1.2 Specification of Alpha and Beta Risks
176(2)
8.1.2 Sample Size Determination for Rate of Nonconformities
178(2)
8.2 Sample Size Determination for Capability Indices
180(5)
8.2.1 Sample Size Determination for Cp and Pp
180(3)
8.2.2 Sample Size Determination for Cpk and Ppk
183(2)
8.3 Sample Size Determination for Statistical Tolerance Limits
185(6)
Reference
189(1)
Bibliography
189(2)
9 Control Charts for Process Capability
191(28)
9.1 Capability Control Charts
192(18)
9.1.1 Control Chart for Proportion of Nonconforming Items
196(5)
9.1.2 Control Chart for Rate of Nonconformities
201(2)
9.1.3 Control Charts for Cp and Pp
203(4)
9.1.4 Control Charts for Cpk and Ppk
207(1)
9.1.5 Sample Size Determination for Capability Control Charts
208(2)
9.2 Acceptance Control Charts
210(9)
9.2.1 Sigma Multiple Method
213(2)
9.2.2 Beta Risk Method
215(2)
Reference
217(1)
Bibliography
217(2)
Conclusion 219(2)
Appendix A Probability Distributions 221(18)
Appendix B Guide to Capability Analysis Procedures in Statgraphics 239(20)
Index 259
Dr. Polhemus is Chief Technology Officer for Statpoint Technologies, Inc. and directs the development of STATGRAPHICS. He received his B.S.E. and Ph.D. degrees from the School of Engineering and Applied Science at Princeton University, under the tutelage of Dr. J. Stuart Hunter. Dr. Polhemus spent two years as an assistant professor in the Graduate School of Business Administration at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and six years as an assistant professor in the Engineering School at Princeton University.Dr. Polhemus founded Statistical Graphics Corporation in 1980 to develop and promote the STATGRAPHICS software program. In 1983, he founded Strategy Plus, Inc., which developed EXECUSTAT for DOS. Dr. Polhemus founded NWP Associates, Inc., in 1993 to develop STATLETS, a set of Java applets which permit statistical data analysis over the Internet. In 1999 development of STATGRAPHICS was assumed by Statpoint Technologies, Inc.Dr. Polhemus lives in northern Virginia with his wife Caroline and is the proud father of four sons: Christopher, Gregory, Leland, and Michael.