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  • Formāts: 144 pages
  • Izdošanas datums: 19-Dec-2022
  • Izdevniecība: National Academies Press
  • Valoda: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9780309691338

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U.S. leadership in technology innovation is central to our nation's interests, including its security, economic prosperity, and quality of life. Our nation has created a science and technology ecosystem that fosters innovation, risk taking, and the discovery of new ideas that lead to new technologies through robust collaborations across and within academia, industry, and government, and our research and development enterprise has attracted the best and brightest scientists, engineers, and entrepreneurs from around the world. The quality and openness of our research enterprise have been the basis of our global leadership in technological innovation, which has brought enormous advantages to our national interests.



In today's rapidly changing landscapes of technology and competition, however, the assumption that the United States will continue to hold a dominant competitive position by depending primarily on its historical approach of identifying specific and narrow technology areas requiring controls or restrictions is not valid. Further challenging that approach is the proliferation of highly integrated and globally shared platforms that power and enable most modern technology applications.



To review the protection of technologies that have strategic importance for national security in an era of openness and competition, Protecting U.S. Technological Advantage considers policies and practices related to the production and commercialization of research in domains critical to national security. This report makes recommendations for changes to technology protection policies and practices that reflect the current realities of how technologies are developed and incorporated into new products and processes.

Table of Contents



Front Matter Summary 1 Introduction 2 Changes in Technology Development and Commercialization 3 The New Competitive Landscape 4 The Competitive Challenge Posed by China 5 Findings 6 Recommendations References APPENDIXES Appendix A: Agendas Appendix B: Biographies of Committee Members
Summary 1(10)
1 Introduction
11(8)
Context for This Study
11(2)
Study Purpose, Charge, and Approach
13(2)
New Policies for a New Era
15(1)
Structure of the Report
16(3)
2 Changes In Technology Development And Commercialization
19(26)
How Technology Development and Commercialization Have Changed
21(6)
Case Study: Microelectronics
27(5)
Case Study: Artificial Intelligence
32(4)
Case Study: Synthetic Biology
36(5)
Case Study: Quantum Computing and Quantum Information Science
41(3)
Implications for Policy and Practice
44(1)
3 The New Competitive Landscape
45(22)
The Competitive Environment in the 1950-1985 Timeframe
45(3)
The Cold War National Security Competition
48(1)
The Resulting Policy Landscape
49(6)
Today's Competitive Landscape
55(4)
The Expansion of Control Mechanisms
59(5)
Implications of the New Competitive Landscape for U.S. Policies and Procedures
64(3)
4 The Competitive Challenge Posed By China
67(16)
Features of the Competition between the United States and China
69(2)
Synthetic Biology in China
71(4)
China's Activities in Microelectronics, Artificial Intelligence, and Quantum Computing
75(2)
Human Resources in the United States and China
77(5)
Implications of China's Actions for the Protection of U.S. Interests
82(1)
5 Findings
83(8)
6 Recommendations
91(24)
Maximization of Strengths in Science, Research, and Technology Innovation
92(3)
Developing and Attracting Talent
95(2)
Identification of Strategic Technologies and Coordinated Risk Management
97(2)
Tailored Approaches to the Unique Vulnerabilities Resulting from Shared Platforms
99(4)
References
103(12)
A Agendas 115(8)
B Biographies Of Committee Members 123