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E-grāmata: Public Opinion: Democratic Ideals, Democratic Practice

3.75/5 (37 ratings by Goodreads)
(Purdue University USA), (Union College USA)
  • Formāts: EPUB+DRM
  • Izdošanas datums: 21-Jul-2020
  • Izdevniecība: SAGE Publications Inc
  • Valoda: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9781544390185
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  • Formāts: EPUB+DRM
  • Izdošanas datums: 21-Jul-2020
  • Izdevniecība: SAGE Publications Inc
  • Valoda: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9781544390185
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"Clawson and Oxley link the enduring normative questions of democratic theory to existing empirical research on public opinion. Organized around a series of questions-In a democratic society, what should be the relationship between citizens and their government? Are citizens' opinions pliable? Are they knowledgeable, attentive, and informed -the text explores the tension between ideals and their practice. Each chapter focuses on exemplary studies, explaining not only the conclusion of the research, but how it was conducted, so students gain a richer understanding of the research process and see methods applied in context"--

Clawson and Oxley link the enduring normative questions of democratic theory to existing empirical research on public opinion. Organized around a series of questions—In a democratic society, what should be the relationship between citizens and their government? Are citizens’ opinions pliable? Are they knowledgeable, attentive, and informed?—the text explores the tension between ideals and their practice. Each chapter focuses on exemplary studies, explaining not only the conclusion of the research, but how it was conducted, so students gain a richer understanding of the research process and see methods applied in context.
Tables, Figures, and Boxes
xii
Preface xvii
Acknowledgments xix
PART I WHAT SHOULD THE ROLE OF CITIZENS BE IN A DEMOCRATIC SOCIETY?
1(46)
Chapter 1 Public Opinion in a Democracy
3(44)
Theories of Democracy
3(12)
What Is Public Opinion?
15(3)
Defining Key Concepts
18(6)
Empirical Assessments of Public Opinion
24(1)
Themes of the Book
25(5)
Appendix to
Chapter 1 Studying Public Opinion Empirically
30(1)
Public Opinion Surveys
30(6)
Experiments
36(3)
Interviews
39(2)
Focus Groups
41(1)
Content Analysis
42(1)
Conclusion
43(4)
PART II ARE CITIZENS PLIABLE?
47(102)
Chapter 2 Political Socialization
49(31)
Childhood Socialization
51(8)
Parental Transmission of Political Attitudes
59(8)
Generational and Period Effects
67(4)
Genetic Inheritance of Political Attitudes
71(4)
Conclusion
75(5)
Chapter 3 Mass Media
80(37)
What Should Citizens Expect from the Mass Media in a Democracy?
80(2)
What General Characteristics of the Mass Media Shape News Coverage?
82(9)
What Specific Characteristics of the Traditional News Media Shape the Reporting of Political Events?
91(5)
What About Fake News?
96(2)
Are Citizens Affected by the Mass Media?
98(11)
Media Effects in a Changing Technological Environment
109(4)
Conclusion
113(4)
Chapter 4 Attitude Stability and Attitude Change
117(32)
Are Americans' Attitudes Stable?
117(8)
Presidential Approval
125(4)
Psychological Approaches to Attitudes
129(15)
Conclusion
144(5)
PART III DO CITIZENS ORGANIZE THEIR POLITICAL THINKING?
149(90)
Chapter 5 Ideology, Partisanship, and Polarization
151(35)
Converse's Claim: Ideological Innocence
151(13)
Ideological Identification
164(4)
Party Identification
168(4)
Polarization
172(10)
Conclusion
182(4)
Chapter 6 Roots of Public Opinion: Personality, Self-Interest, Values, and History
186(26)
Personality
187(10)
Self-Interest
197(3)
Values
200(4)
Historical Events
204(4)
Conclusion
208(4)
Chapter 7 Roots of Public Opinion: The Central Role of Groups
212(27)
Race, Ethnicity, and Public Opinion
213(17)
Rural Consciousness
230(1)
Gender and Public Opinion
231(4)
Conclusion
235(4)
PART IV DO CITIZENS ENDORSE AND DEMONSTRATE DEMOCRATIC BASICS?
239(102)
Chapter 8 Knowledge, Interest, and Attention to Politics
241(32)
How Knowledgeable, Interested, and Attentive Should Citizens Be in a Democracy?
243(1)
Are Citizens Knowledgeable about Politics?
244(8)
Measuring Political Knowledge
252(8)
Why Are Some Citizens More Knowledgeable Than Others?
260(5)
What Are the Consequences of Political Knowledge?
265(1)
Are Citizens Interested in and Attentive to Politics?
266(3)
Conclusion
269(4)
Chapter 9 Support for Civil Liberties
273(34)
Support for Democratic Principles
275(2)
Are Americans Tolerant?
277(12)
Sources of Tolerant Attitudes
289(1)
Contextual Influences on Tolerance Judgments
290(2)
Are Elites More Tolerant?
292(3)
Civil Liberties Post-9/11
295(7)
Conclusion
302(5)
Chapter 10 Support for Civil Rights
307(34)
Public Opinion and Presidential Candidates
309(10)
Support for Civil Rights Policies
319(17)
Conclusion
336(5)
PART V WHAT IS THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN CITIZENS AND THEIR GOVERNMENT?
341(68)
Chapter 11 Trust in Government, Support for Institutions, and Social Capital
343(35)
Trust in Government
345(15)
Support for Institutions
360(6)
Social Capital
366(8)
Conclusion
374(4)
Chapter 12 Impact of Public Opinion on Policy
378(31)
Should Public Opinion Influence Policy?
382(2)
Is Public Opinion Related to Policy?
384(9)
Do Politicians Follow or Lead the Public?
393(8)
Public Opinion and Foreign Policy
401(4)
Conclusion
405(4)
PART VI WHAT DO WE MAKE OF PUBLIC OPINION IN A DEMOCRACY?
409(10)
Chapter 13 Conclusion
411(8)
What Should the Role of Citizens Be in a Democratic Society?
411(1)
Are Citizens Pliable?
412(2)
Do Citizens Organize Their Political Thinking?
414(1)
Do Citizens Endorse and Demonstrate Democratic Basics?
415(1)
What Is the Relationship between Citizens and Their Government?
416(1)
What Do We Make of Public Opinion in a Democracy?
417(2)
Notes 419(61)
Glossary 480(16)
Index 496(18)
About the Authors 514